Kodi matenda a Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease ndi chiyani? Kodi magazi anu akuyenda pang'onopang'ono kupita ku miyendo yanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Kodi nthawi zina mumakhala ndi ululu wa miyendo mukamayenda? Kodi ululuwo umachepa mutayima kwakanthawi? Kapena mumamva dzanzi kapena kuzizira m'miyendo yanu? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu. Lero tikambirana za matenda otchedwa `Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease`, omwe ali ndi dzina lovuta pang'ono, koma amatha kukhudza anthu ambiri. Musadandaule, tiyeni tifotokoze izi mosavuta.

Kodi matenda a Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ichi ndi kutsekeka kwa mtsempha waukulu wamagazi komwe kumapereka magazi ku gawo la pansi la thupi lathu. Vutoli ndi la gulu lalikulu la matenda otchedwa `Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD),` omwe amatanthauza mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi ku ziwalo.

Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri gawo la pansi la `(Aorta)`, mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi lathu, ndi mitsempha yamagazi yotchedwa `(Iliac arteries)`. `(Aorta)` ndiye mtsempha waukulu womwe umanyamula magazi kuchokera pamtima kudzera pachifuwa kupita kumimba. `(Iliac arteries)` ndi nthambi ziwiri zazikulu za `(Aorta)` iyi zomwe zimagawikana pawiri pafupi ndi mimba ndikunyamula magazi kupita ku miyendo.

Tsopano, chomwe chimachitika mu matendawa ndi chakuti chinthu chotchedwa `(Plaque)` chimasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi iyi. `(Plaque)` ndi chinthu chomata chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zinthu monga mafuta ndi cholesterol. Tangoganizirani, izi ndi zinthu ngati dzimbiri ndi dothi zomwe zimasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi m'nyumba mwathu pakapita nthawi.

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zomwe `(Chikwangwani)` ichi chilili choopsa:

• Amachepetsa malo mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi: `(Chikwangwani)` ichi chimasonkhana, zomwe zimachepetsa malo oti magazi aziyenda mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi. Kenako magazi amatsekeka, ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.
• Zingayambitse `(Embolus)`: Nthawi zina chidutswa cha `(Plaque)` ichi chingasweke ndikuyenda ndi magazi. Chidutswa chomwe chimasweka motere chimatchedwa `(Embolus).` Ngati `(Embolus)` iyi yakhazikika kwinakwake mumtsempha wamagazi waung'ono, magazi ochokera pamenepo amasiya kutuluka kwathunthu.

Kodi izi zimakhudza bwanji matupi athu?

Matenda a Aortoiliac Occlusive ndi matenda omwe magazi amatuluka m'mitsempha ya Aorta ndi Iliac. Izi zimayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana chifukwa magazi okhala ndi mpweya samafika bwino m'thupi lathu. Kuti mumvetse izi, muyenera kudziwa pang'ono za mitsempha yamagazi iyi.

`(Aorta)` yathu ili ngati msewu waukulu mumzinda. Kuchokera pamsewu waukulu uwu, misewu yambiri ya m'mbali imatengera magazi ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Mwachitsanzo, `(mitsempha ya impso)`, yomwe imapereka magazi ku impso zathu, imagawanika ndi `(Aorta).` Kugawanika kumeneku ndi malire apamwamba pomwe `(Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease)` ingayambire. Madokotala amatcha gawo la `(Aorta)` pansi pa `(mitsempha ya impso)` iyi, mpaka pa mchombo, `(Infrarenal aorta)`.

Tsopano, pansi pa chigaza, `(Aorta)` iyi imagawika pawiri , ngati 'Y' yozikidwa pansi . Iyi ndi mitsempha iwiri yamagazi yotchedwa `(Common iliac artery)` yamanja ndi yamanzere. Nthambi izi zimagawikananso ndikupereka magazi ku ziwalo zotsatirazi za thupi lathu:

• Malo a matako
• Miyendo ndi mapazi
• Malo a m'chiuno
• Zigawo za ziwalo zoberekera za amuna ndi akazi
• Ziwalo za m'chiuno (monga chikhodzodzo, chiwindi)

Kuopsa kwa matendawa kumadalira gawo la 'Y' lomwe latsekedwa komanso momwe latsekedwera kwambiri. Nthawi zina, ngati malo ochepa okha ndi omwe atsekedwera, sipangakhale zizindikiro zazikulu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa magazi amatha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kudzera m'mitsempha ina yaying'ono. Koma ngati atsekedwera kwambiri, zizindikiro zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri ndipo mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta ndi wokwera.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa?

Akuti matendawa amakhudza anthu oposa 6 miliyoni azaka zopitirira 40 ku United States kokha. Chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi 5% ya anthu azaka za m'ma 50 ali ndi matendawa, koma anthu oposa 20% azaka za m'ma 80 akhoza kukhala nawo. Komanso, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna ndi anthu akuda.

Kodi izi zingakhale zoopsa?

Inde, ngati sichinachiritsidwe bwino, matenda a Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease angayambitse mavuto aakulu, nthawi zina omwe amaika moyo pachiswe. Izi ndi zazikulu zomwe zingachitike:

• Kudula ziwalo: Izi zikutanthauza kudula ndi kuchotsa gawo la thupi, monga mwendo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa minofu imafa magazi akatsekedwa.
• `(Nthenda ya mtima)` (Nthenda ya mtima): Matenda a mtima.
• `(Kulephera kwa mtima)` (Kulephera kwa mtima): Kulephera kwa mtima.
• `(Gangrene): Imfa ndi kuwola kwa minofu.

Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulabadira zizindikiro izi.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, ngati ali ndi zizindikiro, zingaphatikizepo izi:

• Kulephera kwa chiberekero (ED): Kulephera kwa amuna kukwaniritsa kapena kusunga chiberekero panthawi yogonana. Izi zitha kugwirizanitsidwanso ndi matendawa.
• `(Intermittent claudication)` (Intermittent claudication): Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nacho. Mwachitsanzo, pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mukuyenda, pamakhala kupweteka, kulimba, kapena kuuma m'matako kapena miyendo. Zimachepa mutapuma pang'ono. Tangoganizani kuti m'mudzi mwathu, Amalume Somapala akapita kusitolo, atayenda mtunda waufupi, amaima nati, "Ah, mwendo wanga!", ndipo patapita kanthawi, amapitanso. Izi ndi zofanana.
• Ululu Wopumula: Ululu wa miyendo womwe umakudzutsani usiku. Ululuwu ukhoza kuchitika makamaka miyendo yanu ikakwezedwa, chifukwa mphamvu yokoka imachepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi m'miyendo.
• Zilonda: Mabala osachiritsa pakhungu, omwe amadziwika kuti zilonda, amatha kuwoneka pamiyendo kapena pansi pa mapazi.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala. Chifukwa ngati mwazindikira zizindikiro za `Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease` msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.

Dokotala wanu adzafufuzanso ngati pali mavuto okhudzana ndi kuyenda kwa magazi m'mbali zina za thupi lanu, monga mitsempha ya carotid m'khosi mwanu kapena mitsempha ya mtima yomwe ili mumtima mwanu. Nthawi zambiri, ngati plaque ikuluikulu m'mbali ina ya thupi lanu, mwina imapezekanso m'mbali zina.

Zadzidzidzi: Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha Yaikulu

Komabe, nthawi zina, pamene vutoli lakula kwambiri, vuto ladzidzidzi lotchedwa ``Acute arterial occlusion'' lingachitike. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lina la thupi lanu, nthawi zambiri mwendo kapena phazi, sililandira magazi okwanira okosijeni. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu! Izi zimatchedwa 'six Ps' ndipo zili ndi zizindikiro zingapo:

• Ululu: Ululu wosapiririka komanso woopsa . Ichi ndi chinthu choyamba chomwe mumamva.
• Khungu la mwendo wokhudzidwa limakhala lofiirira kwambiri .
• Kuchepa kwa kugunda kwa mtima: Kugunda kwa mtima m'dera limenelo ndi kofooka kwambiri, kapena sikumveka konse.
• Poikilothermia (kuzizira): Mukakhudza, mwendowo umamva kuzizira kwambiri kuposa wina.
• Kusanza (kusanza): Kumamveka ngati mwendo wanu wachita dzanzi, ngati nyerere zikuthamanga, kapena ngati mapini ndi singano .
• Kufa ziwalo: Chiwalo chokhudzidwacho sichingamveke kapena kusunthidwa.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani 911 kapena pitani ku dipatimenti yapafupi yadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo! Mphindi iliyonse imawerengedwa. Magazi akamatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, minofu imawonongeka kwambiri. Pa milandu yoopsa, kudula ziwalo kapena kufa kungachitike.

Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha 'Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease' iyi ndi matenda otchedwa `(Atherosclerosis)` . Mwachidule, izi zikutanthauza kuti `(Plaque)` yomwe yatchulidwa kale imakundika pang'onopang'ono mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi. Mu matendawa, `(Plaque)` imeneyo imayikidwa m'munsi mwa `(Aorta)` ndi `(Iliac arteries)`.

Kupatula apo, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina zingapo zachilendo:

• Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation m'chiuno.
• Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamagazi, matenda otchedwa ``Vasculitis''.

Kodi zinthu zoopsa ndi ziti?

Popeza aliyense akhoza kudwala matenda a atherosclerosis, aliyense akhoza kudwala matendawa. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo:

• Kukalamba: Chiwopsezo chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a mitsempha ya m'mitsempha (PAD), uzani dokotala wanu za vutoli.
• Kusuta: Ichi ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa! Kusuta fodya ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, komanso matenda ena a mitsempha yamagazi. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna thandizo kuti musiye.
• Matenda ena:
• `Matenda a shuga`
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• 'Cholesterol Yambiri'
• `Takayasu's arteritis` (iyi ndi matenda osowa omwe amakhudza mitsempha yamagazi)

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwonana ndi dokotala. Dokotala wanu adzachita izi kuti adziwe vutolo kapena kuchotsa chifukwa china:

1. Amakufunsani mafunso:

• Kodi zizindikiro zanu ndi ziti?
• Kuyambira liti pamene izi zakhalapo?
• Kodi nthawi zambiri mumazimva bwanji zimenezi?
• Kodi zimachepa mukachita zinazake?
• Kodi zizindikiro zikuipiraipira?
• Kodi pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda amtunduwu?
• Ndi matenda ena ati omwe muli nawo?

2. Amayesa thupi lanu: Amayesa thanzi lanu lonse.

3. Amachita mayeso angapo:

• Chizindikiro cha ankle-brachial (ABI): Ichi ndi mayeso osavuta komanso osapweteka. Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'manja ndi miyendo yanu kumayesedwa ndikuyerekezeredwa. Izi zimakupatsani lingaliro la momwe magazi akuthamangira ku miyendo ndi mapazi anu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zingakuthandizeni kuwona zinthu monga cholesterol ndi shuga, komanso zinthu zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.
• `(Computer tomography angiogram (CTA))`: Iyi ndi `CT scan` yapadera. Imatha kuona bwino zinthu monga komwe `(plaque)` ili mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi momwe yatsekekera.
• Kujambula kwa mitsempha yamagazi (komwe kumatchedwanso Doppler scan): Izi zimagwiritsanso ntchito mafunde a ultrasound kuti aone momwe magazi amayendera mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwona ngati pali zotsekeka zilizonse.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Chithandizo chimadalira kuopsa kwa vuto lanu. Nthawi zina kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala kungathandize kuwongolera vutoli ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi .
• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana, monga aspirin kapena clopidogrel, ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana .
• Kusintha zakudya: Kutsatira zakudya zabwino, monga zakudya za ku Mediterranean kapena zakudya za DASH, kungathandize kuwongolera zinthu zoopsa monga matenda a shuga ndi cholesterol.
• Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira kungathandize kuchepetsa zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo ndikupangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m'miyendo yanu.
• Mankhwala apadera (monga Cilostazol) ochizira kupweteka kwa mwendo komwe kumachitika munthu akamayenda (`Intermittent claudication`).
• Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol (`Statins`).
• Kusiya kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kotheratu n’kofunika kwambiri.

Ngati zinthu izi sizikulamulira matendawa, mungafunike zinthu monga:

• Opaleshoni yodutsa magazi: Njira yatsopano imapangidwa kuti idutse mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa. Izi zikufanana ndi njira yodutsa mtsempha wa mtima. Malo otsekeka ndi komwe njira yodutsa magazi imayambira ndi kutha zingasiyane malinga ndi thanzi lanu.
• `(Kuyika kwa stent)`: Kachidutswa kakang'ono konga `(Stent)` kamayikidwa mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa kuti kakulitse. Izi zimathandizira kuyenda kwa magazi. Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito njira za `(Endovascular)`, zomwe zikutanthauza kulowetsa `(Stent)` kudzera m'bowo laling'ono popanda kupanga kudula kwakukulu.

Chithandizo chilichonse chili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, choncho ndi bwino kukambirana zonsezi ndi dokotala wanu ndi kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira.

Kodi matendawa angapewedwe?

Sizingatheke kuletsa izi kwathunthu, koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezo:

• Siyani kusuta fodya ndi zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Idyani zakudya zabwino kwambiri zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa, cholesterol, mchere, ndi shuga.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira.
• Yesetsani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
• Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani pa nthawi yake.
• Pita kukayezetsa kuchipatala kamodzi pachaka.

Ngati muli ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kapena atherosclerosis, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Mukayamba mwamsanga kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, mwayi wanu wopewa mavuto akuluakulu umakhala wabwino pambuyo pake.

Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikakhala ndi matendawa?

Kuti mudziwe bwino za matenda anu, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Mankhwala monga "opaleshoni ya Bypass" ndi "Stent placement" nthawi zambiri amakhala opambana ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zokhalitsa. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zambiri za zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku dongosolo lanu la chithandizo.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala molondola. Ndikofunikanso kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu pa chithandizo chanu chamankhwala. Izi zikutanthauza:

• Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuuzeni zambiri zokhudza vuto lanu ndipo mumvetse bwino.
• Ngati pali chilichonse chomwe simukumvetsa, funsani mafunso. Musachite mantha, dokotala alipo kuti akuthandizeni.
• Dziwani zomwe mungachite kuti matendawa asakule kwambiri.
• Dziwani zizindikiro zake ndi zomwe mungachite ngati zitachitika.
• Dziwani njira zina zothandizira.
• Funsani dokotala wanu za zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukumana ndi anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto lomwelo ndi kugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Pitani kuchipatala kamodzi pachaka. Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kangati kuti mubwere komanso mayeso omwe muyenera kuchita.

Komanso, ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe muli nazo kale zasintha, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kumbukirani mwachidule

Matenda a Aortoiliac Occlusive ndi mtundu wa matenda a mitsempha ya m'mitsempha. Amatha kukhudza moyo wanu ndipo angayambitse mavuto aakulu. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti mungathe kuchitapo kanthu tsiku lililonse kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu ndikulamulira kupitirira kwa matendawa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungasamalire matenda anu ndi zomwe mungayembekezere mtsogolo. Simuli nokha, ndipo musaope kupempha thandizo.

Matenda Otsekereza Mitsempha ya M'mitsempha ya M'mitsempha, Matenda a Mitsempha ya M'mitsempha ya M'mphepete mwa Mitsempha, PAD, Kutsekereza Mitsempha ya Magazi, Kupweteka kwa Miyendo, Atherosclerosis, Plaque, Embolus, Kutsekereza Mitsempha kwa Pakati pa Mitsempha, Stent, Opaleshoni ya Bypass