Maselo osazolowereka m'chiberekero? (Cervical Dysplasia) Musachite mantha, tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti lipoti lanu la Pap smear lili ndi 'maselo osazolowereka', muyenera kuti munamva mantha komanso kudabwa kwambiri, eti? Aliyense akhoza kuchita mantha akamva mawu ngati "precancerous." Koma choyamba ndinene kuti, musamachite mantha. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Uwu ndi matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndikutetezedwa kuti asakule ngati khansa ngati atapezeka msanga. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, momveka bwino, komanso popanda vuto lililonse m'maganizo mwanu.

Kodi dysplasia ya chiberekero ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, apa ndi pamene maselo osazolowereka amakula pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chiberekero chili. Ndi gawo la pansi pa chiberekero chanu, gawo lomwe limatseguka mu nyini yanu. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa maselo athanzi pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu, mtundu wina wosiyana pang'ono wa selo losazolowereka umayamba kukula.

Taganizirani ngati dzenje laling'ono pamsewu. Ngati litasiyidwa choncho, likhoza kukhala dzenje lalikulu pakapita nthawi. Koma ngati titalikonza mwamsanga tikangoliona, silidzawononga msewu, eti? Umu ndi momwe zilili. Maselo osazolowereka awa si maselo a khansa. Koma ngati sanachiritsidwe kwa nthawi yayitali, pali mwayi woti angasanduke khansa ya pachibelekero. Ndicho chifukwa chake timatcha kuti "precancerous."

Pali dzina lina lachipatala la izi, lomwe ndi Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) . Musachite mantha ndi mawu awa. "Intraepithelial" amatanthauza kuti maselo osazolowereka awa ali pamwamba pa (epithelium) ya chiberekero, ndipo sanafalikire mkati. "Neoplasia" amatanthauza kuti maselo atsopano akukula.

Kodi pali magawo a kuopsa kwa vutoli?

Inde, madokotala amagawa maselo osazolowereka awa m'magawo atatu (magawo a CIN) kutengera momwe afalikira kwambiri mu minofu ya chiberekero. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa pofufuza minofuyo pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Izi ndi zomwe zimadabwitsa anthu ambiri. Matenda a m'chiberekero nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Simungamve kusintha kulikonse, kupweteka, kapena kusasangalala.

Kawirikawiri, akazi ena

• Kutuluka magazi m'mimba mosakhazikika.
• Kutuluka magazi pang'ono (madontho) pambuyo pa kugonana.

Zinthu ngati zimenezo zingachitike.

Izi zikusonyeza kufunika kochita mayeso a Pap smear pa nthawi yake. Ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi vutoli musanakhale ndi vuto lililonse, popanda kudikira kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chokhacho cha izi ndi kachilombo kotchedwa HPV (Human Papillomavirus) . Uwu ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri kopatsirana pogonana.

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti: "Ngati ndili ndi cervical dysplasia, kodi ndili ndi HPV?" Inde, ndi zoona. Koma mbali ina ya izi si zoona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HPV amene adzadwala cervical dysplasia. Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimatha kulimbana ndi kachilomboka ndikuchotsa kwathunthu m'thupi mkati mwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.

Pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya mavairasi a HPV. Ena mwa iwo, makamaka HPV-16 ndi HPV-18,Mitundu ya "yoopsa kwambiri", monga yomwe imayambitsa kusintha kwa maselo a chiberekero ndipo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa dysplasia ya chiberekero.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kunena chifukwa chake anthu ena omwe ali ndi HPV okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi vuto la cervical dysplasia, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zapezeka zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo.

• Kusuta: Azimayi omwe amasuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wodwala matendawa. Kusuta fodya kumafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lisamathe kulimbana ndi HPV.
• Kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Ngati chitetezo chamthupi chanu chafooka chifukwa cha matenda ena (monga HIV) kapena mankhwala ena, zingakhale zovuta kuti thupi lanu lichotse matenda a HPV.

Kodi mwapeza bwanji izi, Dokotala?

Njira yodziwira matenda imeneyi imachitika pang'onopang'ono motere.

1. Kupaka Pap: Iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba. Dokotala wanu wa matenda a akazi adzatenga chitsanzo cha maselo kuchokera pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu ndikutumiza ku labotale kuti akawunikidwe pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Izi makamaka ndi kufufuza maselo osazolowereka.

2. Colposcopy: Ngati smear yanu ya Pap ikuwonetsa maselo osazolowereka, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo kufufuza chiberekero chanu pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwapadera ndi chipangizo chokulitsa (monga telesikopu). Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowona maselo aliwonse osazolowereka bwino.

3. Biopsy: Ngati dokotala awona malo okayikitsa panthawi ya colposcopy, amatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu ndikuchitumiza ku labu. Izi zimatchedwa biopsy. Lipotilo lidzatsimikizira ngati muli ndi CIN 1, 2, kapena 3.

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zonse pa sitepe iliyonse. Palibe chifukwa choopera.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Njira yochizira imatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo gawo la CIN lomwe muli nalo, zaka zanu, thanzi lanu lonse, komanso ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi ana.

Chithandizo cha CIN 1

Ngati muli ndi vuto lochepa (CIN 1), mwina simungafunike chithandizo chilichonse. Izi zili choncho chifukwa vutoli lingathe kutha lokha. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti, "Tiyeni tidikire tiwone." Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyesedwa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi (monga miyezi 6 iliyonse kapena chaka chilichonse) kuti muwone ngati maselo osazolowereka asintha kapena atha.

Chithandizo cha CIN 2 ndi CIN 3

Ngati muli ndi vuto laling'ono kapena loopsa monga CIN 2 kapena CIN 3, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuchotsa maselo osazolowereka. Izi zili ndi mwayi wa 90% woti vutoli lichiritsidwe kwathunthu. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.

• LEEP (Njira Yochotsera Ma Electrosurgical): Mu njirayi, waya wamagetsi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula bwino kwambiri ndikuchotsa malo a minofu yomwe ili ndi maselo osazolowereka.
• Kuzindikira Koni ya Mpeni Wozizira: Chidutswa cha minofu chooneka ngati koni chimachotsedwa pa khomo lachiberekero pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wochita opaleshoni. Izi zimachotsa maselo onse osazolowereka.
• Kuchotsa mimba: Izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Ngati chithandizo china sichikuthandiza kapena vutoli likupitirira, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muchotse chiberekero chonse ndi khomo lachiberekero mwa opaleshoni, poganizira kufunika kokhala ndi ana.

Chithandizo chilichonse chili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake. Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu za chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku vutoli?

Njira yabwino yopewera cervical dysplasia ndi kupewa kutenga kachilombo ka HPV komwe kamayambitsa vutoli. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize.

• Pezani Katemera wa HPV: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Katemerayu amathandiza kuteteza ku mitundu ikuluikulu ya HPV yomwe imayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero ndi ziphuphu zakumaliseche. Ngati muli kale ndi kachilombo ka HPV kapena muli ndi dysplasia ya pachibelekero, katemerayu sangachiritse. Komabe, angathandize kupewa matenda ena a HPV mtsogolo.
• Chitani zogonana zodziteteza: Kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu kungachepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HPV.
• Kupeza Pap smear pa nthawi yake: Ngakhale izi sizingalepheretse matendawa kukula, zimapereka mwayi wabwino wozindikira matendawa pachiyambi chake ndikuchiza asanayambe khansa. Mukakwanitsa zaka 21, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange Pap smear osachepera zaka zitatu zilizonse.
• Pewani kusuta fodya konse: Monga tafotokozera kale, kusuta fodya kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha vutoli.