Mutapita ku chipatala, kodi dokotala anakuuzani kuti mulingo wa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ndi wokwera pang'ono ndipo muyenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwala? Kapena mwawonapo amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena mnzanu akumwa mankhwala a cholesterol? Mukamva mawu oti "mankhwala a cholesterol," anthu ena amaopa pang'ono komanso amanjenje. "Kodi ndiyenera kumwa izi moyo wanga wonse?", "Kodi izi zingavulaze thupi langa?", "Chidzachitike ndi chiyani ndikasiya kumwa mankhwalawa?", ndi zina zotero, zikubwera m'maganizo mwanga. Lero, tiyeni tifotokoze zonsezi.
Kodi cholesterol kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, cholesterol ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe matupi athu amafunikira. Ndi ofunikira pazinthu zambiri m'thupi lathu, kuyambira kupanga maselo mpaka kupanga mahomoni. Koma monga china chilichonse, mavuto amayamba akachuluka kwambiri.
Tikamalankhula za cholesterol, nthawi zambiri timamva za mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:
- Cholesterol yoipa (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein): Vuto ndi ili. Ikawonjezeka, imayikidwa pamakoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi, ndikuichepetsa pang'onopang'ono. Zili ngati dzimbiri lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chakale chamadzi. Timatcha vutoli `(Atherosclerosis)`.
- Cholesterol yabwino (HDL - High-Density Lipoprotein): Iyi ndi bwenzi lathu. Imachotsa cholesterol yoyipa yomwe yasonkhana m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyinyamula kupita nayo ku chiwindi kuti ikawonongeke. Ili ngati chosonkhanitsira zinyalala.
Pamene cholesterol yoipa (LDL) ikuwonjezeka ndipo mitsempha yamagazi ikuchepa, imalepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita kumtima ndi ubongo. Izi zimawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko . Mankhwala a cholesterol amaperekedwa kuti achepetse chiopsezo chimenecho.
Kodi ndiyenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwala? Kapena ndingochepetsa kudya?
Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Ngati cholesterol yanu ili yokwera pang'ono, ndipo mulibe zinthu zina zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo (monga matenda a shuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi), dokotala wanu adzayamba walangiza kusintha moyo wanu . Izi zikutanthauza:
- Kuchepetsa zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, shuga, ndi ufa.
- Kudya zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse .
- Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta konse.
Komabe, pali nthawi zina pomwe kusintha moyo kokha sikukwanira.
- Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol uli wokwera kwambiri.
- Ngati muli kale ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Ngati mudadwalapo matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko kale.
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi matenda a mtima ali wamng'ono.
Pazochitika ngati izi, dokotala amasankha kuyamba kumwa mankhwala kuti akutetezeni ku matenda oopsa amenewo.
Kodi mankhwala akuluakulu a cholesterol ndi ati?
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa cholesterol. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mankhwala oyenera kwambiri kwa inu kutengera momwe mulili, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi, ndi matenda ena. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Mtundu wa mankhwala | Momwe imagwirira ntchito | Zitsanzo (zofala ku Sri Lanka) |
|---|---|---|
| Mankhwala a Statin | Mankhwala awa ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso ogwira mtima kwambiri. Amachepetsa kupanga kwa cholesterol m'chiwindi. | Atorvastatin (Lipitor), Rosuvastatin (Crestor), Simvastatin (Zocor) |
| Ezetimibe | Amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi ma statins. | Ezetimibe (Zetia) |
| Ma Fibrate | Izi zimathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa mtundu wina wa mafuta wotchedwa triglycerides. | Fenofibrate, Gemfibrozil (Lopid) |
| Zoletsa za PCSK9 | Mankhwala awa ndi atsopano, amphamvu kwambiri, komanso obayidwa jakisoni. Amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndipo sangalamuliridwe ndi ma statin. | Alirocumab (Praluent), Evolocumab (Repatha) |
Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwalawa?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatirapo zazing'ono. Koma musadandaule, anthu ambiri sakumana ndi zotsatirapo zake. Zofala kwambiri ndi izi:
- Kupweteka m'minofu ndi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
- Mutu.
- Kusamva bwino m'mimba (monga kudzimbidwa, flatulence).
Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakatha masiku ochepa.
Chofunika Kwambiri: Anthu ena, kawirikawiri, angadwale kuvulala kwakukulu kwa minofu kotchedwa ``Rhabdomyolysis''. Ngati muyamba kumwa mankhwalawa ndikumva kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu, kufooka, ndi mkodzo wakuda (monga cola) mutayamba kumwa, siyani kumwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuonana ndi dokotala wanu. Kapena pitani ku dipatimenti yothandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nanu. Ngakhale kuti izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa za izi.
Dokotala wanu adzayang'anira ma enzymes a chiwindi chanu ndi kuyezetsa magazi musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa komanso mutayamba kumwa. Choncho, bola mutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, palibe chodetsa nkhawa nacho.
Kodi moyo ndi wofunika kwambiri mukamamwa mankhwala?
Inde ndithu! Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti akangomwa mapiritsi, vuto limathetsedwa ndipo amatha kudya ndi kumwa chilichonse chomwe akufuna. Ndi cholakwika chachikulu. Mankhwala a cholesterol ndi chithandizo chowonjezera pa moyo wanu wathanzi.
Kumbukirani, mankhwala a cholesterol ali ngati chishango choteteza mtima ndi ubongo wanu. Chishango chimenecho chidzakhala champhamvu pokhapokha mutakhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
Mukamamwa mankhwalawo, muyenera kupitiriza kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi zomwe takambirana kale. Izi zithandiza kuti mankhwalawa azigwira ntchito bwino. Pakapita nthawi, ngati cholesterol yanu yachepetsedwa bwino, dokotala wanu atha kuchepetsa mlingo wake.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala a cholesterol amaperekedwa kuti akutetezeni ku matenda akuluakulu monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, choncho musaganize kuti ndi mtolo.
- Nthawi zonse imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, pa mlingo woyenera, komanso panthawi yoyenera. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu nthawi iliyonse.
- Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwachilendo chifukwa cha mankhwala, makamaka kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Sikokwanira kungomwa mankhwala. Zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe muyenera kuziphatikiza m'moyo wanu.
- Monga momwe dokotala akunenera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kuzipatala nthawi yake ndikuyesedwa magazi kofunikira.
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