Mdani wosaoneka bwino wa maso: Tiyeni tiphunzire za cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti pakhoza kukhala adani omwe maso athu satha kuwaona? Pali matenda ena omwe amabwera kawirikawiri ndikuwononga maso athu. Lero tikambirana za matenda a maso omwe ndi oopsa pang'ono, koma ngati titadziwa pasadakhale, angatithandize kuwaletsa. Izi zimatchedwa Cytomegalovirus Retinitis, kapena `(Cytomegalovirus Retinitis)`, kapena `(CMV) Retinitis` mwachidule.

Kodi cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `(CMV) Retinitis` ndi matenda oopsa a maso. Amafala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Mwina munamvapo za `Retinitis`. Ndi kutupa kwa `Retina`` mkati mwa diso. ``Retina`` iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la diso lomwe limatithandiza kuwona ndi kuzindikira kuwala.

Tsopano ndikuuzeni pang'ono za kachilomboka kotchedwa `(CMV)`. Aka ndi ka mtundu wa `(Necrotizing virus)`. Ndiye kuti, kachilomboka kamawononga minofu ya thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, aka ndi ka kachilombo ka m'banja la kachilombo ka `(Herpes)`. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, ambiri a ife mwina tinali ndi kachilombo ka `(CMV)` m'thupi mwathu nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu, koma sitikumva nkomwe. Kamakhala m'thupi. Komabe, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chikafooka, kachilomboka kameneka kakhoza kugwiranso ntchito ndikuyambitsa matenda monga `(CMV) Retinitis`.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi?

Monga ndanenera kale, anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga `(CMV) Retinitis`. Izi zikutanthauza:

• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi `(HIV/AIDS)`: Ndipotu, `(CMV) Retinitis` ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha khungu pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi `(HIV/AIDS).
• Kwa omwe akulandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy cha khansa: Chithandizochi chimachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Anthu omwe adaikidwa ziwalo zina, kuikidwa mafupa, kapena omwe akumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi chifukwa cha matenda a autoimmune (matenda omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimaukira maselo ake). Mankhwalawa amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Tangoganizani, alonda m'thupi lathu akafooka, zimakhala zosavuta kuti wakuba alowe. Chitetezo cha mthupi chikafooka, zimakhala zosavuta kuti kachilombo ka ``(CMV)`` kalowe m'diso ndikuwononga.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Vuto limodzi ndi izi ndilakuti mwina sipangakhale zizindikiro kumayambiriro kwa matenda a CMV Retinitis. Komabe, zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera, zitha kuphatikizapo:

• Zoyandama: Kumva ngati zinthu zazing'ono zakuda, ngati ukonde wa kangaude, kuyandama pamaso: Izi ndi zachilendo kwa anthu ambiri, koma muyenera kuda nkhawa ngati zikuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi.
• Scotoma yowala: Iyi ndi vuto lomwe limamveka ngati kuwala pang'ono kapena mawanga akuda omwe akuyenda mozungulira pamaso .
• Kuwona kwa m'mbali: Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mungaone mukuyang'ana patsogolo kumachepa.
• Kusintha kwa zinthu: Zinthu zingawoneke ngati zikusintha mawonekedwe, ngati kuti zikuyang'ana mu kapu yamadzi.
• Maso osawoneka bwino.
• Kulephera kuyang'ana maso pa kuwala kowala, maso abuluu (Photophobia).
• Maso ofiira.
• Kupweteka kwa maso.

Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimayambira m'diso limodzi kenako n'kufalikira ku diso lina. Choncho ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, makamaka ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chili chofooka, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Chifukwa chiyani CMV retinitis imachitika?

Mwachidule, CMV Retinitis imachitika mukadwala kachilombo ka CMV ndipo kachilomboka kamakhudza retina yanu. Izi sizimachitika chifukwa cha kachilombo katsopano komwe kamalowa m'thupi, koma chifukwa cha kuyambiranso kwa kachilombo komwe kanali katagona, pamene chitetezo cha mthupi cha akuluakulu chimafooka.

Kodi mumapeza bwanji izi? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, muyenera kuonana ndi katswiri wa maso (Ophthalmologist). Iye adzakufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso zizindikiro zomwe muli nazo panopa. Kenako, adzakupatsani madontho a maso ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa maso.

N’chifukwa chiyani maso amenewa amatambasuka? Izi zimathandiza dokotala kuona bwino mkati mwa diso. Angathe kuona zizindikiro za matenda mu retina ndi mbali zina za diso. Ngati mwapezeka ndi retinitis, angachitenso ntchito za labu, monga kuyezetsa magazi, kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto lenileni.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Pali mankhwala oletsa mavairasi omwe amatha kuchiza CMV retinitis. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti ngakhale mankhwala awa amatha kuletsa matendawa, sangathe kuwachiza kwathunthu.

Dokotala wanu angasankhe kukupatsani mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo a ma virus awa pamodzi:

• `(Valganciclovir)`: Iyi imaperekedwa ngati piritsi lomwedwa pakamwa.
• `(Ganciclovir)`: Izi zitha kuperekedwa ngati madzi operekedwa mumtsempha `(Intravenously - IV)` kapena ngati jakisoni m'diso `(Intravitreal jakisoni - IVI)`.
• `(Foscarnet)`: Izi zimatchulidwanso kuti `(IV)` kapena `(IVI)`.
• `(Cidofovir)`: Izi zimaperekedwanso ngati `(IV)` kapena `(IVI)`.
• `(Letermovir)`: Iyi ndi mankhwala omwa.
• `(Fomiversen)`

Nthawi yochizira imatha kutenga milungu ingapo. Chifukwa, choyamba pali nthawi ya chithandizo champhamvu (`Nthawi yoyamba ya chithandizo`), kenako muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa matendawa (`Maintenance therapy`). Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndi chithandizochi.

Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse pa chithandizochi?

Nthawi zina, mankhwala oletsa mavairasi a CMV retinitis angayambitse chitetezo chamthupi chanu kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Izi zingayambitse matenda otchedwa uveitis. Uveitis ndi kutupa kwa gawo lina la diso. Izi zingayambitse diso kufiira, kutupa, komanso kupweteka.

Chinthu china n'chakuti, nthawi zina mankhwala operekedwa a `(CMV) Retinitis` amatha kukhala osagwira ntchito (`Kukana mankhwala`). Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, pali mankhwala ena a `(CMV)` omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi `(Ganciclovir)`, mwachitsanzo. Ena mwa iwo ndi `(Leflunomide)` ndi `(T-lymphocyte infusion)`.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mutayamba CMV retinitis? (Zotsatira)

Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka ngati matendawa apezeka msanga ndipo chithandizo chimayamba msanga. Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, CMV Retinitis ingayambitse vuto la kuona pang'ono komanso khungu lonse.

Vuto lina lalikulu lomwe lingachitike chifukwa cha CMV Retinitis ndi kugawanika kwa retina. Apa ndi pamene retina yanu imapatukana ndi minofu yomwe imaisunga pamalo ake. Imeneyi ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri, koma lingathe kukonzedwa ndi opaleshoni.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati maso anu asintha mwadzidzidzi - mwachitsanzo, kuona mawanga akuda pamaso panu kapena kumva kupweteka kwa maso - funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kutseka kwa retina ndi vuto lachipatala.

Ngati chitetezo chanu chamthupi chili chofooka, ndikofunikira kuti muzipimidwa maso nthawi zonse. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira mavuto musanayambe zizindikiro.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa okhudza `(CMV) Retinitis`:

• Kodi ndiyenera kubwerera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndikafike (`Makonzedwe`)?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupewa zakudya, zakumwa, kapena zochita zilizonse?
• Kodi chithandizocho chitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndi pati pamene ndingafunike kukuonani mwachangu, kapena kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi?
• Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zilipo zomwe zingandithandize kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino ndi vuto langa la masomphenya?
• Kodi ndingathenso kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala a matendawa?

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa CMV retinitis ndi HIV retinopathy ndi kotani?

"Retinopathy" ndi matenda a retina. "(CMV) Retinitis" ndi "(HIV) Retinopathy" zonse ziwiri zimatha kuwononga retina yanu ndikupangitsa kuti maso anu asaone bwino. Komabe,Matenda awiriwa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu iwiri ya mavairasi. Kachilombo ka HIV kangayambitse matenda a retinopathy (omwe amatchedwanso HIV microvasculopathy). Kachilombo ka CMV kamayambitsa matenda a retinitis a CMV.

Ponena za chithandizo, mankhwala oletsa mavairasi amaperekedwa kwa `(CMV) Retinitis.` Komabe, `(HIV Retinopathy)` nthawi zambiri sifunikira chithandizo chapadera.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka, mungakhale mukuganizira nthawi zonse za zizindikiro zanu ndikupita kwa madokotala. Ndi zonsezi, kupita kwa dokotala wa maso nthawi zonse kungawoneke ngati vuto.

Koma kumbukirani, ngati mutakhala ndi `(CMV) Retinitis`, mukapezeka ndi kulandira chithandizo msanga, mwayi wanu wopambana umakhala wabwino. Popeza zizindikiro za `(CMV) Retinitis` sizingawonekere mpaka mutataya maso anu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesedwa maso nthawi zonse.

Choncho, samalirani maso anu, chifukwa ndi omwe ali ofunika kwambiri kuti tiwone dziko lapansi.

Matenda a Cytomegalovirus, CMV, retinitis, matenda a maso, chitetezo chamthupi, kulephera kuwona bwino, HIV, AIDS, matenda a maso