Kodi mwana wanu sangathe kukhala pamalo amodzi? Kapena sakusamala chilichonse? Kapena mwina inunso muli ndi mavuto awa. Matendawa timawatcha Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, kapena monga tonse tikudziwira, ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Limodzi mwa mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi Dexmethylphenidate. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za mankhwalawa, zotsatira zake, zotsatira zake, ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
Kodi kwenikweni chimachitika ndi mankhwala awa ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, Dexmethylphenidate ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa . M'dziko lathu, amapezeka kwambiri pansi pa dzina la `Focalin XR`. Mukamva mawu akuti ``stimulant'', anthu ena angaganize kuti apangitsa mwana kukhala wosakhazikika. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, ndi zosiyana. Mankhwalawa amawonjezera pang'ono ntchito ya mankhwala enaake (neurotransmitters) muubongo omwe amalamulira chidwi ndi khalidwe.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa munthu amene ali ndi ADHD:
- Kukhala ndi luso loyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi .
- Kupeza thandizo loletsa khalidwe losaganizira bwino.
- Kukhala chete ndikugwira ntchito .
Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chomwe mankhwalawa amachita ndikupatsa ubongo wanu kapena wa mwana wanu "kakamizidwe" pang'ono kuti ugwire ntchito yake bwino.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa dokotala wanu mbiri yonse ya matenda anu kapena a mwana wanu musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa. Mankhwalawa sangakhale oyenera matenda ena. Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi matenda aliwonse omwe atchulidwa patebulo pansipa.
| Matenda kapena vuto | N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwitsa? |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi | Chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kukweza pang'ono kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
| Mavuto a magazi m'zala ndi zala zakumapazi | Mankhwalawa nthawi zina amatha kukulitsa matenda monga matenda a Raynaud. |
| Matenda aliwonse amisala (monga kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, matenda a bipolar) | Mankhwalawa angasinthe zizindikiro za matenda ena amisala. |
| Maganizo odzipha kapena mbiri ya banja la maganizo otere | Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa ndi osowa kwambiri, angayambitse kusintha kwa maganizo, choncho ndikofunikira kuti dokotala adziwe izi. |
| Mbiri ya chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa | Popeza ichi ndi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu, pali chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika. |
| Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa | Muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatira zomwe zingachitike pa mwana wosabadwayo kapena mwana woyamwitsa. |
Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa molondola?
Iyi ndi kapisozi yotulutsa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti yapangidwa kuti itulutse mankhwalawo tsiku lonse. Choncho samalani kwambiri ndi zinthu izi mukamazigwiritsa ntchito.
- Mezani kapisozi yonse: Mezani kapisozi yonse ndi kapu ya madzi. Musamaswe, kuphwanya, kapena kutafuna kapisoziyo. Kuchita zimenezi kungapangitse kuti mlingo wonse utuluke tsiku lonse m'thupi nthawi imodzi, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa.
- Ngati kumeza kuli kovuta: Ngati mwana akuvutika kumeza, mutha kutsegula kapisozi mosamala ndikuwaza supuni imodzi ya applesauce yozizira pamwamba. Musaike chilichonse chotentha pamwamba. Kenako, muuzeni mwanayo kuti amedze applesauce nthawi imodzi osatafuna. Mukameza, mupatseni mwana madzi. Musasunge chisakanizochi; chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo.
- Imwani pa nthawi yake: Imwani mankhwala monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse.
- Musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi: Ngati mwaiwala kumwa mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yanu yotsatira yayandikira, dumphani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wanu wotsatira panthawi yomwe mwakonza. Musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi pazifukwa zilizonse.
Chenjezo: Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa momwe mukuganizira, imbani nthawi yomweyo ku National Poison Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kapena pitani ku Emergency Department (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi. Mankhwalawa ndi a inu nokha. Musagawire ena mankhwalawa.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa
Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse, mavitamini, kapena zowonjezera zomwe mukumwa. Mankhwala ena amatha kusokoneza izi ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa.
| Musamwe Dexmethylphenidate ndi mankhwala awa konse. | |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala a MAOI ochizira kuvutika maganizo (monga Marplan, Nardil, Parnate). Mankhwala a dexmethylphenidate sayenera kuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka milungu iwiri mutasiya kumwa mankhwala awa. | |
| Mankhwala ena olimbikitsa omwe amaperekedwa kwa ADHD, kuchepetsa thupi, kapena kusowa tulo. | |
| Izi zingagwirizane - dziwitsani dokotala wanu. | |
| Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi | Kafeini (tiyi, khofi, zakumwa zopatsa mphamvu) |
| Mankhwala ochizira kuvutika maganizo kapena nkhawa | Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga Warfarin |
| Mankhwala oletsa khunyu monga phenobarbitone ndi phenytoin | Mankhwala ena a chimfine kapena ziwengo |
Zinthu zofunika kukumbukira mukamamwa mankhwala
- Kuyang'ana nthawi zonse:Dokotala ayenera kukuyezani inu kapena mwana wanu nthawi zonse. Ngati ndi mwana, adzayezani kuti awone ngati kutalika ndi kulemera kwake zikukula.
- Chenjerani: Mankhwalawa angakhudze chidwi chanu. Choncho, pewani zinthu zoopsa monga kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina mpaka mutadziwa bwino momwe zimakukhudzirani.
- Kusowa chilakolako: Nthawi zambiri munthu amataya chilakolako choyamba kumwa mankhwala. Izi zitha kupewedwa podya pang'ono, pafupipafupi kapena zokhwasula-khwasula. Ngati vutoli likupitirira, uzani dokotala wanu.
- Tulo: Musamwe mankhwalawa usiku kwambiri. Angasokoneze tulo.
- Chidziwitso chapadera kwa amuna: Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kupweteka kwa chiberekero komwe kumatenga maola opitilira 4, kungakhale vuto lalikulu. Pitani kuchipatala mwachangu kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kosatha.
- Kusintha kwa zala: Ngati muwona zilonda mwadzidzidzi, dzanzi, ululu, kapena kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu (lotumbululuka, labuluu, lofiira) m'zala kapena zala zamiyendo, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, izi zingayambitse zotsatirapo zake. Komabe, si aliyense amene amalandira. Dziwani izi.
| Zotsatirapo zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala wanu kapena ETU nthawi yomweyo | |
|---|---|
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira kapena kosasinthasintha, chizungulire, kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma. |
| Kusintha kwa maganizo ndi khalidwe | Nkhawa yaikulu, kusokonezeka maganizo, kuona/kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo (zinthu zolosera), maganizo ofuna kudzipha. |
| Zizindikiro za Stroke | Kusanza mwadzidzidzi kapena kufooka pankhope, mkono kapena mwendo, kuvutika kulankhula, mutu waukulu, kusintha kwa masomphenya. |
| Kawirikawiri si nkhani yaikulu, koma uzani dokotala ngati ikupitirira. | |
| Mutu | Kuvuta kugona |
| Chilakolako cha chakudya | Kuchepetsa thupi |
| Nkhawa, kusakhazikika | Kusanza |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri . Tsatirani mlingo womwe waperekedwa ndi dokotala.
- Mankhwala awa ndi operekedwa kwa inu nokha. Musagawane ndi ena pazifukwa zilizonse . Ndi osaloledwa komanso owopsa.
- Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse omwe mukumwa komanso matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa (monga kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima, kusintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro) , funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
- Sungani mankhwala pamalo otetezeka omwe ana sangawafikire . Kumbukirani kuti awa ndi mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika.
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