Kodi muli ndi matenda a shuga? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda ndi chithandizo (Diabetes Mellitus)

Kodi mukumva kutopa nthawi zonse? Kodi muli ndi pakamwa pouma? Kapena mumafunika kukodza pafupipafupi? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda ashuga. Lero, tikambirana za matenda otchedwa Diabetes Mellitus, omwe anthu ambiri amawaopa, momwe angawadziwire, komanso momwe angawachiritsire m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi matenda a shuga?

Ngati muli ndi zinthu zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi matenda a shuga, kapena ngati mkodzo wanu ukuwonetsa shuga wambiri, dokotala wanu angaganize kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga. Mwachidule, ngati insulin yomwe imachokera ku kapamba m'thupi lathu yachepa (mtundu woyamba wa shuga) kapena ngati thupi siliyankha bwino insulin (mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga), shuga m'magazi, ndiko kuti, shuga m'magazi, imawonjezeka.

Pali mayeso akuluakulu angapo otsimikizira matendawa. Nthawi zambiri, ngati dokotala apeza kuti mayeso amodzi ndi okwera, amalangiza kuti mayesowo abwerezedwenso kuti atsimikizire.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakupatseninso mayeso otchedwa Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody (ZnT8Ab). Kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kungathandize kudziwa ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1 kapena mtundu wina. Mukazindikira matendawa msanga komanso molondola, chithandizo choyenera chingayambike msanga.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a shuga ndi otani?

Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lingakuthandizeni komanso lomwe mungamvetse. Mungafunike thandizo la akatswiri ena azaumoyo panjira. Mwachitsanzo, mungafunike thandizo la dokotala wa mapazi, katswiri wa zakudya, dokotala wa maso, ndi katswiri wa matenda a endocrinologist.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga ndi kuphatikiza mankhwala, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zakudya kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu asamakhale m'magazi omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Mwa kusamala zomwe mumadya komanso nthawi yomwe mumadya, mutha kuchepetsa kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu (zotsatira za seesaw). Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa kufunikira kosintha mankhwala anu, makamaka mlingo wa insulin, nthawi zambiri momwe kungafunikire.

Mankhwala a Shuga

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu 1

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, kapamba wanu sapanganso insulin yomwe mukufuna kuti mupange mphamvu. Choncho muyenera kupeza insulin kuchokera kuzinthu zina, kaya kudzera mu jakisoni kapena pampu ya insulin . Ngakhale kudzipatsa jakisoni kungawoneke koopsa poyamba, sikovuta monga momwe mungaganizire.

Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha pakompyuta chotchedwa insulin pump, chomwe chimatulutsa insulin m'thupi panthawi yoyenera komanso pamlingo woyenera.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya insulin yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano.

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri amatha kuwongolera matenda awo podya zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okha. Ena amafunika mapiritsi kapena jakisoni wa insulin. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti shuga m'magazi abwerere mwakale.

• Mankhwala omwe amawonjezera kupanga insulin ndi kapamba: Zitsanzo: glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide.
• Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera ku chakudya: Chitsanzo: acarbose (Precose).
• Mankhwala omwe amathandiza thupi kugwiritsa ntchito insulin: Zitsanzo: pioglitazone (Actos).
• Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupanga shuga m'chiwindi ndi kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin: Chitsanzo: metformin (Glucophage). Metformin imathandizanso kuwongolera shuga chifukwa imathandiza kuchepetsa thupi.
• Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kuyamwanso shuga ndi impso ndikuwonjezera kutuluka kwake mu mkodzo (zoletsa za SGLT2): Zitsanzo: canagliflozin (Invokana), dapagliflozin (Farxiga). Izi zilinso ndi maubwino ena monga kuchepetsa thupi komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Kodi zakudya za matenda a shuga ziyenera kukhala zotani?

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndizofunikira kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga. Choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa zakudya kuti akupatseni dongosolo la chakudya lomwe likugwirizana ndi inu.

• Chakudya ndi nthawi: Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe mumamwa kumadalira zochita zanu ndi zakudya zomwe mumadya. Choncho zomwe mumadya, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya, komanso nthawi yomwe mumadya ndizofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kudya zakudya zitatu zazikulu komanso zokhwasula-khwasula zitatu kapena zinayi.
• Lamulo la mbale: Yesetsani kudzaza theka la mbale yanu ndi ndiwo zamasamba zopanda sitachi wambiri (monga broccoli, kaloti, nkhaka, kabichi, tomato, nyemba).
• Samalani ndi chakudya cham'thupi: Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mukufuna komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mukudya n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi. Sankhani tirigu wonse (monga mpunga wofiirira, mpunga wofiirira, oats, barele).
• Mafuta ndi mapuloteni: Chepetsani mafuta okhuta. Chotsani mafuta osinthika kwathunthu. Sankhani nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, nsomba, mtedza, ndi mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri.

Kufunika kwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda a shuga. Koma muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe pulogalamu iliyonse yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi . Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira momwe thupi lanu limagwiritsira ntchito insulin ndipo kungachepetse shuga m'magazi.

• Samalani ndi hypoglycemia: Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu pafupifupi theka la ola musanachite masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo idyani chakudya chopepuka chokhala ndi chakudya chopatsa mphamvu ngati pakufunika kutero. Ngati mukuona zizindikiro za shuga wotsika m'magazi (chizungulire, thukuta, kugwedezeka) mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, siyani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo nthawi yomweyo idyani chinthu chokoma (monga supuni imodzi ya shuga, shuga pang'ono).
• Kodi muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi otani?: Ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 150 pa sabata, monga kuyenda mwachangu. Yambani pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono onjezerani nthawi.

Kusintha kwa moyo kumeneku n’kofunika kwambiri.

Pewani kusuta fodya.

Siyani chizolowezichi lero. Ngati mukusuta fodya, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu. Ndipo chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi mavuto chifukwa cha matenda a shuga (matenda a mtima, matenda a impso, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, ndi khungu) ndi chachikulu kwambiri.

Chepetsani kumwa mowa.

Ngati mumwa mankhwala a insulin kapena mapiritsi ena a shuga, kumwa mowa kungayambitse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mukamwa mowa, chiwindi chanu chimagwira ntchito yochotsa mowa m'malo molamulira shuga m'magazi mwanu.

Chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo.

Kupsinjika maganizo kungakulitse shuga m'magazi mwanu, choncho pezani njira zopumulira. Zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, yoga, komanso kukhala ndi anzanu zingakuthandizeni.

Samalirani mano ndi mkamwa mwanu.

Matenda a shuga amatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a chiseyeye, choncho tsukani mano anu ndi kutsuka mano anu bwino tsiku lililonse.