Kodi DIC ndi chiyani? Matenda oopsa omwe amaundana magazi m'thupi (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

Tangoganizani kutuluka magazi mwadzidzidzi m'thupi lanu lonse, komanso ngakhale kuvulala kulikonse. Izi n'zoopsa kwambiri, sichoncho? Lero tikambirana za vuto lalikulu koma losowa kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa kuti Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, kapena DIC mwachidule. Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi DIC ndi chiyani?

DIC ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri komanso lalikulu lomwe limachitika m'magazi athu. Chinthu chachilendo kwambiri chimachitika pamenepa. Kumbali imodzi, kuchuluka kwa magazi ochepa kumayamba kupangika mosafunikira mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi. Kumbali ina, izi zimapangitsa chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimathandiza magazi kuundana kutuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka mosalamulirika .

Kodi zizindikiro za DIC ndi ziti?

Mu mkhalidwe uwu, magazi amaundana komanso kutuluka magazi kumachitika nthawi imodzi, kotero zizindikiro zimatha kubwera zokhudzana ndi zonsezi.

N’chifukwa chiyani DIC iyi imachitika? Tiyeni tiione mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa pang'ono za momwe matupi athu amaundana nthawi zambiri. Tangoganizani kuti mwadula pang'ono pa mkono wanu. Pa nthawi imeneyo, ma platelet m'magazi athu ndi zinthu zoundana zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chiwindi zimasonkhana pamodzi kuti zitseke bala ndikuletsa kutuluka magazi. Zili ngati kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa (ma platelet) ndi simenti (mapuloteni) kuti zibowole dzenje pakhoma.

Koma pankhani ya DIC, njirayi imasokonekera kwathunthu.

Gawo lachiwiri la matenda a DIC

1. Gawo 1 (Magazi Oundana): Chifukwa cha matenda aakulu, magazi ambiri amayamba kuundana m'mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi m'thupi lonse. Izi zimalepheretsa magazi kupita ku ziwalo zazikulu monga ubongo, impso, ndi mapapo. Zili ngati misewu yonse yaying'ono mumzinda yatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi.

2. Gawo 2 (Kutuluka Magazi): Mwa kupanga magazi oundana osafunikira, thupi lathu limagwiritsa ntchito ma platelet onse ndi mapuloteni oundana magazi. Tsopano, ngati bala lachitikadi, thupi silikhala ndi "njerwa ndi simenti" zofunika kuti litseke. Zotsatira zake zimakhala kutuluka magazi kwambiri, kosalamulirika.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga DIC?

Monga tanenera kale, izi ndi zotsatira za matenda ena aakulu. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otsatirawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga DIC:

Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

DIC nthawi zambiri imachitika mwa munthu amene ali kale m'chipatala ndipo akulandira chithandizo cha matenda aakulu. Dokotala wanu adzawunikanso mosamala zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, adzayesa magazi angapo apadera kuti atsimikizire vutoli.

• Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi.
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin (PT) ndi Nthawi ya Partial Thromboplastin (PTT): Yesani nthawi yomwe magazi amaundana.
• Kuyeza kwa Fibrinogen: Kumayesa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana.
• Kuyeza kwa D-dimer: Chinthu chomwe chimachitika magazi akamaundana m'thupi. Kuchuluka kwa izi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha DIC.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso loyamba pochiza DIC ndikuchiza matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa (monga sepsis). DIC yokha singachiritsidwe popanda kuchiza matendawa.

Popereka chithandizo choyamba, madokotala amachita izi kuti athetse DIC:

• Kuika magazi m'magazi: Kubwezeretsa mapuloteni (zinthu zoundana) zomwe zimafunika kuti magazi aziundana.
• Kupereka ma platelet ndi maselo ofiira a magazi: Kubwezeretsa ma platelet ndi maselo ofiira a magazi omwe atha chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kutsekeka kwa Magazi:Nthawi zina, mankhwala awa (ochepetsa magazi) amaperekedwa kuti achepetse magazi omwe sakufunikira.

Kodi ndi liti pamene mwadzidzidzi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akudwala kwambiri ndipo zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuonekera mwadzidzidzi, pitani ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo .

• Ngati magazi akutuluka kwambiri, simungathe kuletsa .
• Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro za matenda a mtima (kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma).
• Ngati zizindikiro za sitiroko (kugwa mbali imodzi ya nkhope, kuvutika kulankhula, kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa mkono) zikuwonekera.

Kodi DIC ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Inde, n'zotheka ndithu. Ngati chomwe chimayambitsa DIC chithandizidwa bwino , wodwalayo akhoza kuchira mokwanira. Mankhwala othandizira, monga kuikidwa magazi m'magazi ndi kuikidwa magazi, angathandize kubwezeretsa dongosolo lotseka magazi.

Kukhala ndi DIC kumatanthauza kuti mukulimbana kale ndi matenda ena aakulu. Chifukwa chake, zingakhale zovuta kuthana ndi vutoli. Koma, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu ndendende.

• Imwani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa panthawi yake komanso mu mlingo womwe mwapatsidwa. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala aliwonse kapena kusintha mlingo popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mavitamini, kapena zowonjezera zina zomwe mwagula ku pharmacy popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kutuluka magazi, dziwitsani dokotala aliyense amene akukuyesani.

Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha ukadziwa za matenda aakulu ngati amenewa. Koma kumbukirani kuti dziko lathu lili ndi madokotala aluso komanso ogwira ntchito kuchipatala omwe aphunzitsidwa kuthana ndi mavuto ovuta ngati amenewa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwadalira ndikupempha chithandizo.