Kodi mudamvapo za chinthu chonga ichi m'mabere mwanu? (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ - DCIS) Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Kodi munamvapo za dzina lakuti `DCIS`? Mwina dokotala anatchulapo pamene munkayezetsa bere lanu `(Mammogram).` Iyi ndi matenda a khansa omwe amapezeka mkati mwa misempha ya mkaka wa m'bere, ndipo amatha kupezeka msanga kwambiri. Musadandaule, kudziwa izi kukupatsani mpumulo waukulu.

Kodi DCIS (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, DCIS ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'mitsempha ya mkaka m'mabere anu. Mitsempha iyi ndi yomwe imanyamula mkaka kuchokera m'mabere anu kupita ku nsonga za mabere anu mukamayamwitsa. Mawu akuti "in situ" amatanthauza "m'malo mwake." Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa atuluka m'mitsempha ndipo sanafalikirebe ku ziwalo zina za bere.

Madokotala nthawi zina amatcha khansa ya m'mawere yosalowa m'thupi kapena yolowa m'thupi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa sanakule kupitirira makoma a ducts za mkaka. DCIS nthawi zambiri siifalikira (kufalikira) ku ziwalo zina za thupi, monga khansa yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yolowa m'thupi.

Komabe, ngakhale kuti DCIS sifalikira kunja kwa bere, nthawi zina imatha kukhala khansa ya m'mapapo yolowa m'magazi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imatha kufalikira kunja kwa bere. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala za izi. Kenako mutha kukambirana za njira zamankhwala zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezochi.

Kodi DCIS ndi yofala bwanji?

DCIS kwenikweni ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere mwa akazi. Imakhala ndi 20% mpaka 25% ya khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yangopezeka kumene. Amuna amathanso kudwala DCIS, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yosowa (osakwana 0.1% ya khansa yomwe yapezeka).

Pakadali pano, chiwerengero cha milandu ya DCIS yomwe yanenedwa chakwera pang'ono. Koma akatswiri amati izi sizichitika chifukwa chakuti chiwerengero cha milandu ya DCIS chakwera, koma chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri akupezedwa ndi kulandira chithandizo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mayeso monga mammograms athandiza kuzindikira vutoli msanga.

Kodi zizindikiro za DCIS ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, DCIS sionetsa zizindikiro zilizonse . Mwina simungazindikire chilichonse. Komabe, anthu ochepa kwambiri angazindikire zinthu monga izi:

• Kumva ngati chotupa m'bere.
• Kuyabwa pakhungu la m'mawere.
• Kutuluka madzi (monga magazi) kuchokera m'chifuwa.

Ngati mukuona chinthu chonga ichi, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo, sichoncho?

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa DCIS?

DCIS imayamba pamene maselo athanzi m'mitsempha yanu ya mkaka amasintha., zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chibadwa chawo chasintha ndipo akukula mofulumira komanso mosalamulirika. Monga momwe chomera chaching'ono chimakulira mosalamulirika ngati udzu. Koma akatswiri sakudziwabe chifukwa chake maselowa amasintha mwadzidzidzi, kapena chifukwa chake DCIS ya anthu ena imakhala khansa yoopsa pomwe ena satero.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a DCIS?

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zingakulitse chiopsezo chanu, kapena mwayi wanu, wopeza matenda a DCIS. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Ngati achibale anu a m'magazi (amayi, mlongo, mwana wamkazi) adadwalapo khansa ya m'mawere.
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi khansa ya m'mawere kale , kapena ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe maselo m'mawere amakula molakwika, monga atypical hyperplasia .
• Ndiwe mkazi (izi ndizofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi).
• Kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 30. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka pang'ono ndi ukalamba.
• Ngati munayamba kusamba musanafike zaka 12 .
• Ngati munabereka mwana wanu woyamba mutakwanitsa zaka 30 .
• Ngati minofu ya m'mawere anu ndi yokhuthala kwambiri, mwina muli ndi "minofu yokhuthala ya m'mawere" . Izi zitha kuzindikirika kokha ndi mammogram.
• Ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini ena (monga majini a BRCA1 ndi BRCA2) komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa.
• Ngati mudalandirapo kale chithandizo cha radiation pa bere kapena pachifuwa (chifukwa cha vuto lina).
• Ngati simunakhalepo ndi pakati kapena kuyamwitsa mwana.
• Ngati kusamba kwayamba munthu atakwanitsa zaka 55 .

Komabe, kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoopsazi sikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matenda a DCIS, sichoncho? Mwachitsanzo, kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya m'mawere ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a DCIS, koma anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi DCIS alibe mbiri ya banja la khansa ya m'mawere. Zinthu zoopsa zimangowonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi vuto. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa za izi.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha DCIS ndi ati?

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati simuchiza DCIS, ikhoza kusanduka khansa ya m'mapapo yolowa m'magazi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansayo ikhoza kumera kuchokera m'mitsempha ya mkaka ndikufalikira ku minofu ina m'mawere. Chifukwa chake, ngati mwapezeka ndi DCIS, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chithandizo mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukalandira chithandizo cha DCIS, muli pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ena mukakula. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuchepa kwa mafupa ( osteoporosis )
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Matenda a mtima

Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha mavuto amenewa, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu kangati kuti mupite kukayezetsa ndi kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi matenda a DCIS amapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira milandu yoposa 90% ya DCIS kudzera mu mammogram . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, X-ray ya mabere anu. Ngati zotsatira za mammogram yanu zikuwonetsa chilichonse chokayikitsa, monga kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi (microcalcifications), adzakujambulani kuti atsimikizire.

• Mammogram: Kuwonjezera pa kuyezetsa bere nthawi zonse (kuyezetsa mammogram), dokotala wanu angakupatseni mammogram yapadera (diagnostic mammogram). Izi zingatenge zithunzi zambiri za minofu ya bere lanu kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mammogram wamba.
• Kufufuza za Mabere: Madokotala amachita mayesowa kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe maselo a khansa m'bere mwanu. Pa mayesowa, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.

Kodi pali magiredi a DCIS?

Inde, madokotala amagawa DCIS m'magulu atatu. Magulu amenewa amatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe maselo a khansa amaonekera osazolowereka pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu komanso momwe angakulire mwachangu.

• Maselo a khansa amaoneka ngati maselo a m'mawere athanzi. Amakula pang'onopang'ono .
• Gawo lapakati (lomwe limakula mofulumira): Maselo osazolowereka amaoneka ngati maselo a m'mawere athanzi, koma ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi maselo otsika.
• Maselo a khansa amakula mofulumira komanso mosalamulirika: Maselo a khansa amaoneka osiyana kwambiri ndi maselo a m'mawere athanzi. Awa ndi maselo omwe amakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala khansa yoopsa.

Kodi magawo a DCIS ndi ati?

DCIS ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya siteji 0. Imatha kuchiritsidwa komanso kuchiritsidwa. Madokotala amagawa khansa kuyambira siteji 0 mpaka IV (4). Gawo 0 limatanthauza kuti khansa ili pamalo omwewo pomwe idayambira ndipo sinafalikire. Ngakhale DCIS nthawi zonse imakhala siteji 0, chotupacho chikhoza kukhala cha kukula kulikonse ndipo chingakhudze njira zingapo zotulutsira mkaka m'mawere.

Kodi mankhwala a DCIS ndi ati?

Ngakhale kuti DCIS si khansa yoopsa, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo . Kapena dokotala azikuyang'anirani nthawi zonse. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mitundu ina ya DCIS, makamaka yapamwamba kwambiri, imatha kufalikira ngati sichitha kuchiritsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansayo imatha kufalikira kupitirira njira zotulutsira mkaka wanu ndikulowa m'mabere ozungulira.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa DCIS ndi awa:

• Opaleshoni Yosunga Mabere (BCS) kapena Lumpectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa dera la maselo a khansa okha, pamodzi ndi minofu yaing'ono ya bere yozungulira khansa. Izi zimachotsa minofu yaing'ono yathanzi (malire) kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe maselo olakwika omwe atsala. Dokotala wanu adzasiya bere lanu lonse liri lonse.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya BCS. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo onse a khansa otsala ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa. Anthu ena amafunikira chithandizochi kwa masiku angapo, ena kwa milungu ingapo. Dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani za dongosolo lanu la chithandizo.
• Kuchotsa Mastectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa bere lonse lomwe lakhudzidwa, kapena nthawi zina mabere onse awiri (double mastectomy). Ngati simukuyenera BCS (mwachitsanzo, ngati DCIS yafalikira ku bere lonse, chotupacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, kapena simukufuna chithandizo cha radiation), mungafunike kuchotsedwa mastectomy.

Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni ya mastectomy, mungafune kuganizira zokonzanso mawere anu. Iyi ndi opaleshoni yokonzanso mawere anu. Izi zitha kuchitika nthawi yomweyo kapena mutachotsa mastectomy. Ngati muli ndi BCS, kukonzanso mawere nthawi zambiri sikofunikira. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mukufuna kuti mawere anu azisamalira chithandizo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya DCIS?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala kuti DCIS isabwererenso, makamaka ngati DCIS yanu ili ndi vuto la mahomoni (ER-positive). Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

• Tamoxifen (Tamoxifen - Nolvadex®)
• Aromatase inhibitors ( mwachitsanzo, anastrozole, letrozole)

Mankhwalawa amatchedwa hormone therapy . Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa hormone estrogen kuthandiza maselo a khansa kukula. Nthawi yonse ya chithandizo nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi zaka zisanu.

Kodi DCIS ingapewedwe?

Zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a DCIS (monga mbiri ya banja, majini) si chinthu chomwe tingathe kuchiletsa kapena kuchiletsa. Komabe, ngati zapezeka msanga , DCIS imatha kuchiritsidwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma mammogram ndi ofunikira kwambiri.

• Azimayi ambiri ayenera kuyamba kulandira mammogram chaka chilichonse (kapena zaka ziwiri zilizonse, kutengera upangiri wa dokotala) akakwanitsa zaka 40 .
• Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere (mwachitsanzo, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nayo), dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyambe kuyezetsa khansa msanga.

Ndi bwino kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchitidwa mammogram kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chanu.

Kodi nthawi ya moyo ndi yotani ndi DCIS?

Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri! Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi DCIS ndi chokwera kwambiri . Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi DCIS (ndi amene amalandira chithandizo) akhoza kuchiritsidwa . Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe apulumuka zaka 10 ndi pafupifupi 98-99%.

Zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri pambuyo pa chithandizo. DCIS nthawi zambiri imabweranso. Ngakhale itachitika (m'bere lomwelo kapena m'bere lina, mwina ngati khansa yoopsa), nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Chifukwa chake, DCIS siiopseza moyo, ngati itachiritsidwa bwino.

Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji?

Ndi DCIS, muyenera kupitiriza kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala mukatha kulandira chithandizo.

• Nthawi zambiri mumafunika kupita kwa dokotala kuti akakufufuzeni thupi lanu miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse , kwa zaka zosachepera zisanu, kenako kamodzi pachaka.
• Komanso, mwina mungafunike kuchitidwa mammogram chaka chilichonse.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a mahomoni, muyenera kumwa monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Komabe, mkhalidwe wa aliyense ndi wosiyana. Gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe dongosolo lanu la chisamaliro pambuyo pa chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Musaphonye kupita kukayezetsa magazi ndi mammogram monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Pakadali pano, samalirani mabere anu.

• Ngati muwona chotupa chatsopano m'bere lanu.
• Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse pakhungu la mabere anu (kufiira, makwinya, makwinya, kapena mawonekedwe a khungu la lalanje).
• Ngati muwona kusintha kwa nipple yanu (kupindika, kufiira, kuphulika kwa khungu, kutuluka madzi m'thupi).
• Ngati mukumva kupweteka kosalekeza m'bere lanu kapena m'khwapa.

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse komwe kungakhale zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere , musachite mantha kapena kuchedwa, koma pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Mukapeza kuti muli ndi DCIS, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi mafunso ambiri. Funsani dokotala wanu za mafunso onsewa. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Ndili ndi digiri yanji ya DCIS?
• Kodi ndikufunika chithandizo chamtundu wanji? Opaleshoni? Chithandizo cha radiation? Chithandizo cha mahomoni?
• Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi chithandizo chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndidzatha kugwira ntchito pamene ndikulandira chithandizo?
• Kodi pali mwayi wotani kuti DCIS ibwerenso?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kuti ndikalandire chithandizo?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchitidwa mammogram kangati?
• Kodi banja langa lili pachiwopsezo? Kodi ayenera kuchita chiyani?

Kudziwa kuti muli ndi khansa ndi chochitika chosintha moyo. N'zachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa chifukwa simukudziwa zomwe mungayembekezere. Dokotala wanu ali pano kuti akuthandizeni. DCIS ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe uli ndi mwayi waukulu wochira . Dokotala wanu akhoza kupanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lili loyenera kwa inu.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, nazi zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kukumbukira zokhudza `DCIS` (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ) zomwe tidakambirana:

• DCIS ndi khansa yoyambirira kwambiri (Gawo 0) yomwe imapezeka m'mitsempha ya mkaka wa m'mawere. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sinafalikire kunja kwa bere.
• Nthawi zambiri, sichisonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse . Nthawi zambiri chimapezeka kudzera mu mammogram .
• Popeza DCIS ikhoza kukhala khansa yowopsa, ndikofunikira kuizindikira ndikuichiza msanga .
• Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala opaleshoni (kuchotsa lumpectomy kapena kuchotsa mastectomy) . Chithandizo cha radiation ndi hormone chitha kuperekedwanso.
• DCIS ndi matenda ochiritsika kwambiri . Choncho musachite mantha ndipo yesetsani kulandira chithandizocho molimba mtima.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukayezetsa ndi kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa malangizo .

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti simuli nokha. Dokotala wanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu onse ali nanu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo pankhaniyi. Kusamalira thanzi lanu ndiye thandizo lalikulu kwambiri lomwe mungachite.

DCIS , Khansa ya M'mimba, Khansa ya M'mimba, Khansa ya M'mimba ya Mkaka, Mammogram, Biopsy, Kuchotsa Lumpectomy, Kuchotsa Mabere, Thanzi la Mabere