Nthawi zina dokotala akakupatsani mankhwala ovuta omwe sitinamvepo, timachita mantha pang'ono, sichoncho? Mafunso ambiri monga "Ndi mankhwala ati awa? Kodi ichi chidzachitika ndi chiyani? Kodi padzakhala zotsatirapo zoyipa?" amabwera m'maganizo mwanga. Lero, tikambirana za katemera wa Elapegademase, womwe anthu ambiri sanamvepo, koma ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri, m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Elapegademase ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, Elapegademase ndi katemera amene amachiritsa matenda osowa kwambiri a majini. Matendawa amatchedwa Adenosine Deaminase (ADA Deficiency) . Dzinali ndi lovuta pang'ono, choncho tiyeni tilione m'njira yosavuta.
Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu ndi fakitale yayikulu. Kuti chilichonse chigwire ntchito bwino mufakitale iyi, payenera kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ogwira ntchito. Ma enzyme ndi antchito ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwira ntchito m'thupi lathu. Enzyme iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yakeyake.
Adenosine Deaminase ndi enzyme yapadera. Ntchito yake ndi kuphwanya mankhwala osafunikira (deoxyadenosine) omwe amapangidwa m'maselo athu ndikuchotsa m'thupi.
Tsopano, anthu ena amabadwa ndi kusowa kwa enzyme iyi yotchedwa adenosine deaminase, kapena sapanga zambiri. Ndicho chimene timatcha kusowa kwa ADA. Pamene enzyme iyi ikusowa, mankhwala osafunikirawo amayamba kusonkhana m'thupi. Mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwambiri ku maselo olimbana (lymphocytes) m'thupi lathu. Zotsatira zake, maselo amenewo amawonongeka, ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chofooka kwambiri.
Chitetezo cha mthupi chofooka kwambirichi chimatchedwa Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) . Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a bakiteriya.
Choncho, chomwe katemera wa Elapegademase amachita ndikupereka enzyme yomwe ikusowa yotchedwa adenosine deaminase kuchokera kunja kwa thupi. Izi zimatchedwa Enzyme Replacement Therapy . Katemerayu akaperekedwa, zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimasonkhana m'thupi zimasweka, kuwonongeka kwa maselo a chitetezo chamthupi kumasiya, ndipo chitetezo chamthupi chimayambanso kukhala champhamvu. Izi zimathandiza thupi kulimbana ndi matenda.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwalawa
Musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za thanzi lanu lonse. Makamaka zotsatirazi ziyenera kutchulidwa.
| Nkhani yomwe muyenera kuifotokoza | N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezo n’zofunika? |
|---|---|
| Matenda opatsirana omwe alipo (monga malungo, chifuwa, chimfine) | Kungakhale kofunikira kuwongolera matenda omwe alipo musanayambe kumwa mankhwala. |
| Kuchepa kwa milingo ya ma platelet | Mankhwalawa angakhudze kuyezetsa magazi, kotero dokotala ayenera kudziwa za matenda aliwonse omwe alipo. |
| Matenda a elapegamide kapena mankhwala ena, zakudya, kapena utoto | Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri poyesa chiopsezo cha vuto lalikulu la ziwengo ku mankhwala. |
| Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga mimba | Muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatira zomwe zingachitike pa mwana m'mimba. |
| Ngati mwana akuyamwitsa | Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani ngati mankhwalawo apita kwa mwana kudzera mu mkaka wa m'mawere komanso ngati angathandize. |
Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa moyenera?
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni wa m'mitsempha . Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi gulu lachipatala kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala. Komabe, nthawi zina, kuti wodwalayo azitha kupeza jakisoniyu kunyumba, ndizothekanso kulandira jakisoniyu.
Ngati muyenera kulandira katemera kunyumba...
Musadandaule. Ogwira ntchito yosamalira anamwino ophunzitsidwa bwino kuchipatala adzakuwonetsani momveka bwino, pang'onopang'ono, momwe mungachitire izi kunyumba.
- Momwe mungakonzekerere mankhwala.
- Ndi malo abwino kwambiri oti munthu akalandire katemera.
- Ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera katemera.
- Momwe mungatayire bwino ma syringe ndi singano zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chofunika kwambiri: Musataye singano ndi ma syringe ogwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'zinyalala wamba. Ziyenera kuyikidwa mu chidebe chapadera chapulasitiki chokhuthala (chidebe chosongola)**. Ngati mulibe, funsani dokotala wanu kapena chipatala za chimodzi.
Kodi mumapereka mankhwala awa kwa ana?
Inde, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa ana chifukwa kusowa kwa ADA nthawi zambiri kumapezeka ali aang'ono. Komabe, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo azachipatala mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa pali zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira popereka mankhwalawa kwa ana aang'ono.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa omwe mwapatsidwa, imbani nthawi yomweyo ku National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital , kapena pitani ku Emergency Department (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwaphonya mlingo wa mankhwala?
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala anu kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musaphonye nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala. Ngati pazifukwa zina simungathe kupita tsiku lomwe mwakonza, imbani chipatala nthawi yomweyo ndikuwadziwitsa.
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala kunyumba: Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yatsala pang'ono yoti mutenge mlingo wotsatira, thawani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wotsatira panthawi yomwe mwakonza. Musamwe mlingo wowirikiza kawiri.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwirizana ndi zinthu zina? (Kuyanjana)
Sizinaphunziridwe mokwanira momwe mankhwala ena, mankhwala azitsamba, kapena zowonjezera zimagwirira ntchito ndi mankhwalawa.
Choncho, ndikofunikira kupatsa dokotala wanu mndandanda wonse wa mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mankhwala a matenda ena, mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi zowonjezera). Ndikofunikiranso kuuza dokotala wanu ngati mumasuta kapena kumwa mowa.
Zinthu zoyenera kusamala nazo mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa
Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse pamene mukulandira chithandizochi.
- Pitani kuzipatala zomwe zakonzedwa: Izi ndizofunikira kuti muwone momwe mankhwalawo akukhudzira thupi lanu komanso ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuchepa.
- Kuyeza magazi: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso a magazi nthawi zonse kuti aone momwe chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe mankhwala anu amagwirira ntchito. Musawasiye.
- Dziwani zizindikiro: Ngati pali kusintha kulikonse mu zizindikiro zanu (kaya zabwino kapena zoipa), uzani dokotala wanu za izo.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatirapo zina mwa anthu ena, koma si aliyense amene amalandira.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Makhalidwe |
|---|---|
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. | |
| Zotsatira zoopsa za ziwengo |
|
| Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muwona zizindikiro zotsatirazi, zomwe ndizofala, zosatha, kapena zovutitsa: | |
| Chifuwa | Chifuwa chatsopano chosatha. |
| Kusanza | Kusanza kapena nseru mutatha kumwa mankhwala. |
| Zochita pa malo obayira jakisoni | Kufiira, kupweteka, kapena kutupa pamalo omwe jakisoni amaperekedwa. |
Mndandandawu suli ndi zotsatirapo zonse zomwe zingachitike. Ngati muwona china chake chachilendo kuwonjezera pa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Kodi mankhwalawo angasungidwe bwanji?
- Sungani mufiriji: Sungani mankhwalawa m'malo abwinobwino a firiji. Musamasunge mufiriji.
- Sungani pamalo omwe ana sangafikire: Sungani pamalo omwe ana aang'ono ndi ziweto sangafikire.
- Sungani mu phukusi loyambirira: Ndi bwino kusunga mankhwalawo mu phukusi loyambirira kuti muteteze ku kuwala.
- Tayani mankhwala omwe atha ntchito: Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawo atatha ntchito. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri wa momwe mungatayire mankhwala omwe atha ntchito kapena omwe sakufunikanso.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Elapegademase ndi mankhwala obwezeretsa ma enzyme omwe amalimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe chimafooka chifukwa cha matenda osowa a majini otchedwa ADA deficiency.
- Musanayambe chithandizochi, uzani dokotala wanu zonse zokhudza matenda anu onse, ziwengo, ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa.
- Tsatirani ndondomeko yovomerezeka yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala molondola. Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za ziwengo monga kutupa kwa nkhope kapena milomo, ziphuphu pakhungu, kapena kupuma movutikira, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Sungani mankhwala mosamala mufiriji (osati mufiriji) kutali ndi ana.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwalawa.
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