Kodi dokotala wakuuzani kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena muli pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka? Kapena mukufuna mankhwala a PrEP, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV? Ngati ndi choncho, mwina mwapatsidwa mapiritsi ophatikizana ndi mankhwala awiri: Emtricitabine ndi Tenofovir Alafenamide. Lero, tikambirana za mankhwala ofunikira awa m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino.
Kodi kwenikweni chimachitika ndi mankhwala awa ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Kuletsa matenda a HIV: Ngati muli kale ndi kachilombo ka HIV, mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
2. PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis): Iyi ndi njira yodzitetezera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amene ali pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV angagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa kuti adziteteze ku kachilombo ka HIV kudzera mu kugonana.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala ochokera ku gulu lotchedwa ``antiretrovirals.'' Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka HIV m'thupi.
Koma kumbukirani izi: Iyi si njira yochiritsira kachilombo ka HIV kapena Edzi. Komanso, ngakhale mukumwa mankhwalawa, mutha kupatsira kachilombo ka HIV kwa ena. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zotetezeka. Mankhwalawa saletsa matenda ena opatsirana pogonana (STIs).
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa
Kuti mukhale otetezeka, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso .
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi .
- Ngati muli ndi vuto la Emtricitabine, Tenofovir, kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse, chakudya, utoto, kapena mankhwala osungira.
- Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati posachedwa .
- Ngati ndinu mayi woyamwitsa .
Chidziwitsochi chithandiza dokotala wanu kukonzekera chithandizo chanu molondola.
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Mankhwalawa ndi piritsi loti munthu amwe pakamwa. Mutha kumwa ndi chakudya kapena ayi. Komabe, ngati mukumva kupweteka m'mimba, ndi bwino kumwa ndi chakudya.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi chithandizochi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, panthawi yoyenera, komanso popanda kulumpha mlingo umodzi. Ngati mulumpha mlingo, kachilombo ka HIV kakhoza kukhala kosagonja ku mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ena (kutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa sangagwire ntchito bwino). Chifukwa chake, pitirizani kumwa mankhwalawa mpaka dokotala wanu atakuuzani kuti musiye.
Nanga bwanji ngati mwangozi ndamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo mwangozi, musazengereze. Imbani nthawi yomweyo ku National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital . Kapena pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Dziwani: Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu nokha. Musagawane mankhwala anu ndi ena pazifukwa zilizonse.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwaphonya mlingo wa mankhwala?
Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yatsala pang'ono yoti mutenge mlingo wotsatira, thawani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wotsatira panthawi yomwe mwakonza. Musamwe mlingo wowirikiza kawiri.
Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe angagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa?
Mankhwala ena angagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa. Onani tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Gulu la mankhwala | Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Musatenge ndi izi konse | |
| Adefovir | Uwu ndi mankhwala operekedwa pa matenda ena opatsirana ndi mavairasi. |
| Mankhwala ena okhala ndi Emtricitabine kapena Tenofovir | Popeza mukumwa kale mankhwalawa, kumwa mankhwala ena okhala ndi zosakaniza zomwezo kungakulitse mlingo wanu. |
| Mankhwala ena okhala ndi Lamivudine | Uwu ndi mankhwala ena omwe amaperekedwa pochiza HIV ndi Hepatitis B. |
| Mankhwala ena omwe angayambitse mavuto (dziwitsani dokotala) | |
| Maantibayotiki ena | Mwachitsanzo: Rifabutin, Rifampin, Rifapentine |
| Mankhwala a khunyu | Mwachitsanzo: Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, ndi Phenytoin |
| Mankhwala a matenda ena opatsirana ndi mavairasi | Mwachitsanzo: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Ganciclovir |
| Mankhwala Ochepetsa Ululu (NSAIDs) | Mankhwala monga Ibuprofen ndi Diclofenac. |
| Wort wa St. John | Ichi ndi chowonjezera cha zitsamba. |
Mndandandawu sunathe. Choncho, uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi mavitamini omwe mukumwa. Komanso, uzani dokotala wanu ngati mumasuta kapena kumwa mowa.
Zinthu zoti muzisamala nazo mukamamwa mankhwala
- Kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse: Lumikizanani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse. Pitani kuzipatala pa masiku omwe akonzedwa. Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano, kambiranani nazo. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyesedwa magazi kuti muwone ngati impso zanu ndi chiwindi chanu zikugwira ntchito bwino.
- Samalani ndi Hepatitis B: Ngati mulinso ndi Hepatitis B, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala musanasiye kumwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa kungapangitse kuti zizindikiro za Hepatitis B ziwonjezeke mwadzidzidzi.
- Kupewa kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka HIV: Kachirombo ka HIV kamafalikira kudzera m'magazi kapena m'njira zogonana. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za njira zotetezeka zopewera kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena.
Kodi ndi zotsatirapo zotani zomwe ndingakumane nazo?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa angayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Ena ndi oopsa, ena ndi ofala kwambiri.
| Zotsatira zoyipa | Zizindikiro |
|---|---|
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo | |
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi. |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa lactic acid m'thupi | Kupweteka kapena kuuma kwa minofu, kupweteka m'mimba, kuvutika kupuma, kutopa kwambiri. |
| Kuvulala kwa impso | Kuchepa kwa mkodzo wotuluka, kutupa kwa akakolo, manja, kapena mapazi. |
| Kuvulala kwa chiwindi | Ululu m'mimba pamwamba pa kumanja, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, nseru, ndowe zowala, mkodzo wakuda wachikasu kapena bulauni, khungu kapena maso achikasu, kufooka kosazolowereka. |
| Matenda | Malungo, kuzizira, chifuwa, kapena kupweteka pakhosi. |
| Zotsatirapo zomwe nthawi zambiri sizifuna chithandizo chamankhwala (koma uzani dokotala ngati zikupitirira kapena zikukuvutitsani) | |
| Kutsegula m'mimba | Kutupa m'mimba |
| Kutopa | Kumva kutopa |
| Mutu | Mutu |
| Kusanza | Kumva ngati kusanza |
Kodi muyenera kusunga bwanji mankhwala anu?
- Sungani pamalo omwe ana sangafikire.
- Sungani kutentha kwa chipinda (pakati pa madigiri 20 ndi 25 Celsius).
- Tayani mankhwala otha ntchito.
Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zakuthandizani. Kumbukirani, ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza mankhwalawa, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwalawa ndi osakaniza mankhwala awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kachilombo ka HIV ndikuletsa kuti kasafalikire (PrEP).
- Ngakhale kuti iyi si njira yochiritsira kachilombo ka HIV, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira njira zodzitetezera.
- Musamalumphe mlingo wa mankhwala chifukwa angayambitse kachilomboka kukhala kosagonja ku mankhwalawo.
- Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe mukumwa.
- Fufuzani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto aakulu monga kutupa pakhungu, kupuma movutikira, kapena maso kapena khungu kukhala lachikasu.
- Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu nokha. Musagawane ndi ena.
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