Kodi inunso, amene mumagwira ntchito pafamu, mungadwale matendawa? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za (Mapapo a Mlimi)!

Kodi ndinu mlimi? Kapena ndinu munthu amene amagwira ntchito pafamu ndipo nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi zinthu monga udzu, balere, ndi udzu wouma? Kodi nthawi zina mwadzidzidzi mumamva kufooka, kutsokomola, kumva kufooka, kapena kutentha thupi pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi zinthuzi? Ngati ndi choncho, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa inu. Lero tikulankhula za matenda otchedwa "Farmer's Lung."

Kodi "Lupu la Mlimi" ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, uwu ndi mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe zimakhudza mapapo athu. Kunena zoona, zimayambitsa kutupa m'matumba ang'onoang'ono a mpweya mkati mwa mapapo athu, alveoli, komwe mpweya umasinthidwa tikamapuma. Izi zimatchedwa Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis .

Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kupuma fumbi lochokera ku udzu wouma, udzu wouma, tirigu, kapena zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi ulimi. Izi ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi 'allergy rhinitis' yomwe nthawi zambiri timapeza kuchokera ku fumbi kapena dander ya ziweto. Nthawi zina imatha kukhala yoopsa kwambiri kuposa ziwengo zotere. Chifukwa, ngati tipitiliza kupuma tinthu ta nkhungu timeneti, pali mwayi waukulu woti mapapo athu angawonongeke kwamuyaya .

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya "Farmer's Lung"?

Inde, vutoli lingagawidwe m'magulu atatu akuluakulu. Ndi awa:

• `Mapapo a Acute Farmer`: Tangoganizirani kuti mwagwira ntchito ndi mulu wa udzu wouma. Pakangopita maola ochepa mutagwira ntchito, mwadzidzidzi mumayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga malungo, chifuwa, ndi kupuma movutikira. Komabe, zizindikirozi zitha kuchepa patangopita maola ochepa kapena masiku ochepa, makamaka mutakhala kutali ndi malo ouma.
• Mapapo a Subacute Farmer: Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri munthu akakumana ndi nkhungu kwa nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro zimatha kubwera pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimatha kwa nthawi yayitali. Mungaganize kuti, "Ayi, ichi ndi chimfine chachikulu." Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zopitilira kapena zimabwera ndi kutha.
• Mapapo a Alimi Osatha: Izi zimatha kuchitika pakapita nthawi, nthawi zina pambuyo pokumana ndi nkhungu kangapo, kapena pambuyo pokumana ndi nkhungu yambiri. Zizindikiro zimakula pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Kutupa kosatha kumeneku kumatha kubweretsa zipsera zosatha m'mapapo. Uwu ndiye vuto loopsa kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera mtundu wa vuto.

Zizindikiro za matenda a `Acute`:

Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mkati mwa maola ochepa kuchokera pamene nkhungu yalowa:

• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
• Chifuwa(nthawi zambiri chifuwa chouma)
• Kumva kulimba ndi kulimba pachifuwa
• Kuzizira (kugwedezeka ndi malungo)
• Kutopa
• Malungo
• Kupweteka kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu

Zizindikiro za matenda a `Subacute` ndi `Chronic`:

Zizindikiro zimenezi zingafanane ndi za matenda oopsa, koma zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimakula kwambiri pakapita nthawi.

• Mu gawo la `subacute`, mungamve ngati muli ndi chimfine chosatha .
• Mu vuto la `Chronic`, mungakumane ndi:
• Ndimamva kupuma movutikira ndipo ndimakomoka mofulumira kuposa kale (makamaka ndikamachita ngakhale ntchito yaying'ono kwambiri).
• Chifuwa ndi kutopa zikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, osati kuchepa.
• Kuchepetsa thupi kumachitika mwangozi.
• Kugwirana chala kapena zala (kugwirirana chala kapena zala) .

N’chifukwa chiyani “Lupu la Mlimi” limeneli limakula?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi chakuti mitundu ina ya nkhungu imamera pa zinthu monga udzu, udzu wouma, ndi tirigu. Nkhungu zimenezi zikasokonezedwa ndi chinthu chakunja (mwachitsanzo, pamene udzu wosweka kapena thumba la tirigu litakokedwa), nkhunguyo imatulutsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (`tinthu`) tomwe ndi tating'ono kwambiri kuti tisawonekere ndi maso .

Tikamapuma tinthu timeneti, chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso , zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa m'mapapo. Izi zikufanana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha ziwengo.

Tangoganizirani, thupi lathu limazindikira tinthu ta nkhungu ngati "mdani." Tikayamba kuchitapo kanthu ku nkhungu izi, thupi lathu limapanga mankhwala apadera kuti lizizindikire mtsogolo. Koma zomwe zimachitika mu "mapapo a mlimi" ndi matenda ena a "hypersensitivity pneumonitis" ndikuti pamene tikupitirizabe kukhudzidwa ndi allergen iyi, thupi lathu limakhala "losamva bwino" kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti yankho lotsatira likhale loipa kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, vutoli lalikulu limawononga matumba a mpweya (alveoli) m'mapapu athu ndi njira zazing'ono zopumira zomwe zimawatsogolera. Kuwonongeka kumeneku ndi komwe kumapangitsa kuti zizindikirozo ziwonjezeke pang'onopang'ono.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga izi?

Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndi udzu kapena tirigu wouma, kapena ngati nthawi zambiri mumakhala pamalo ngati amenewo, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Izi zimachitika makamaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira komanso kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene udzu ndi tirigu zimakhala zonyowa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kumera nkhungu. Chifukwa chake, chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri nthawi imeneyi.

Anthu awa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga "mapapo a alimi":

• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'mafamu a mkaka
• Anthu amene amakonza ndi kunyamula tirigu
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito yosamalira udzu kapena udzu wouma (makamaka akamaswa migolo ya udzu womwe ungamere ngati nkhungu)
• Anthu omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali m'makhola
• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'malo osungira nyama
• Anthu omwe sagwiritsa ntchito zida zodzichitira okha pogwira ntchito monga udzu ndi tirigu (monga anthu omwe amachita zambiri mwa izi amagwira ntchito pamanja)
• Anthu azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi 70 (ofala kwambiri m'gulu lino la zaka)

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Kupitiriza kukhudzana ndi nkhungu zomwe zimayambitsa "mapapo a mlimi" kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Zofunika kwambiri mwa izi ndi izi:

• Zilonda m'mapapo (pulmonary fibrosis): Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapapo asamayende bwino komanso kuti asagwire bwino ntchito. Kupuma kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pakati pa mtima ndi mapapo (pulmonary hypertension): Mapapo akawonongeka, mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi kudzera m'mapapo. Izi zingakhudzenso mtima.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji izi?

Dokotala amafufuza matenda a "Farmer's Lung" ataganizira zinthu zingapo.

• Zizindikiro zanu (zomwe mukumva, nthawi yomwe mwakhala nazo, ndi zina zotero)
• Mbiri yanu ya thanzi (matenda omwe mudadwala kale, mankhwala omwe mudamwa)
• Kuyezetsa thupi (dokotala amakuyezetsa)
• Mayeso apadera:
• Mayeso a magazi: Mayeso apadera a magazi, monga `Hypersensitivity pneumonitis panel`, angayang'ane ngati thupi lanu lachitapo kanthu ku mapuloteni omwe amayambitsa `Farmer's lung` ndi matenda ena a `hypersensitivity pneumonitis`.
• Kujambula mapapo: Kujambula pachifuwa pa X-ray kapena CT scan kumachitika kuti aone ngati pali kuwonongeka, kutupa, kapena zipsera m'mapapo.
• Mayeso a ntchito ya m'mapapo: Izi zimaphatikizapo kukupangitsani kupuma ndi kutulutsa makina apadera kuti muyese momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mungathe kupuma ndi kutulutsa.
• Bronchoscopy: Nthawi zina, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu, chubu chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono chimadutsa m'mphuno kapena pakamwa kupita m'mapapo kuti chione mkati mwa mapapo ndikutenga zitsanzo zazing'ono za minofu (biopsy) kuti chiyesedwe.
• Ndikofunikanso kwambiri kuti matenda azitha kudziwika ngati pali kuthekera kokumana ndi nkhungu m'malo omwe mumagwira ntchito kapena mumakhala .

Kodi chithandizo cha izi ndi chiyani?

Kuti muchiritse bwino "mapapo a mlimi," ndikofunikira kupewa kotheratu nkhungu zomwe zimayambitsa. Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga:

• Mankhwala:
• Mankhwala a Corticosteroids kapena mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi:Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa m'mapapo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga `prednisone`, `mycophenolate`, ndi `azathioprine` angaperekedwe.
• Mankhwala oletsa kutupa m'mapapo: Mankhwala monga pirfenidone ndi nintedanib amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zipsera m'mapapo.
• Kubwezeretsa mapapo: Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi apadera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi uphungu zimathandiza kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta komanso kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabwino.
• Chithandizo cha okosijeni: Ngati mpweya m'magazi mwanu uli wochepa, mungapatsidwe mpweya wowonjezera kudzera mu kannula ya m'mphuno kapena chophimba nkhope.
• Kuika mapapo: Ngati mapapo awonongeka kwambiri komanso ali ndi zipsera, kuyika mapapo kungakhale kofunikira ngati njira yomaliza.

Chofunika kwambiri: Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ena, ngati mupitiliza kudwala nkhungu, matendawa amatha kubwereranso. Ndipo pali mwayi waukulu woti mapapo anu awonongeke kwamuyaya. Mu "mapapo a mlimi" osatha, kuwonongeka kwa mapapo nthawi zina kumatha kupitirirabe ngakhale mutapewa nkhungu kwathunthu.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Ngati muli ndi `Acute` (yovuta) `Farmer`s Lung`, mungayambe kumva bwino mwamsanga mutapewa nkhungu yomwe imayambitsa matendawa (mwina mkati mwa maola kapena masiku angapo). Komabe, zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti kutupa m'mapapu anu kuchiritsidwe mokwanira. Mu matenda onse `Acute` ndi `Chronic`, kuwonongeka kwina kungakhale kosatha .

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi "Farmer's Lung" angayembekezere chiyani?

Izi zimadalira nthawi yomwe mwakhala ndi "mapapo a mlimi" komanso momwe alili ovuta.

• Matenda a `acute` nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino pakatha masiku ochepa, koma pokhapokha ngati simunakumanenso ndi nkhungu.
• Matenda a ``subacute`` (omwe ndi owopsa pang'ono) amatha kukhala kwa miyezi ingapo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala.
• "Mapapo a mlimi" osatha nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuwachiritsa kotheratu. Komabe, mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta.

Kodi mungachire kwathunthu ku "Farmer's Lung"?

Matenda a "mapapo a mlimi" omwe ali pachimake komanso ocheperako amatha kuchiritsidwa , koma ndikofunikira kupewa kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu. Mankhwala angafunikenso kuti achepetse kutupa.

Komabe, "mapapo a mlimi" osatha nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapapo (makamaka zipsera - fibrosis).Sichingasinthe. Komabe, kuchiza ndi kupewa nkhungu kungachedwetse kuwonongeka kwina.

Kodi izi zimakhudza moyo wa munthu?

Nthawi yopulumuka pambuyo pozindikira mapapu a `Chronic` Farmer`s imadalira ngati mapapo awonongeka komanso momwe kuwonongekako kulili kwakukulu. Poyerekeza ndi matenda ena a `hypersensitivity pneumonitis`, nthawi yotsala yopulumuka ndi iyi:

• Munthu wopanda zipsera (fibrosis) m'mapapo akhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa 15 atapezeka ndi matendawa.
• Munthu amene ali ndi zipsera (fibrosis) m'mapapo, koma palibe kuwonongeka kwina kwakukulu (monga uchi m'mapapo), akhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka pafupifupi 8 atapezeka ndi matendawa.
• Munthu amene wavulala kwambiri m'mapapo (fibrosis ndi uchi) akhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka pafupifupi zitatu atapezeka ndi matendawa.

Komabe, kuyika mapapo ena kungawonjezere nthawi imeneyi. Musachite mantha ndi ziwerengerozi, ndi ziwerengero chabe. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala kuti mudziwe bwino momwe zinthu zilili.

Kodi tingapewe bwanji izi?

Njira yabwino komanso yokhayo yodzitetezera ku "mapapo a mlimi" ndikupewa kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu zomwe zimayambitsa nkhungu. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zingamere nkhungu, mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Udzu wonyowa, tirigu, ndi zokolola zina za pafamu ziyenera kuloledwa kuti ziume bwino musanagwiritse ntchito kapena kusungidwa.
• Sungani zinthuzo m'malo opumira bwino kuti musapange nkhungu .
• Ngati n'kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito makina odzipangira okha m'malo mogwira ndi manja zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu, monga udzu ndi tirigu.
• Pogwira ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe zingamere nkhungu, monga udzu ndi tirigu, ndikofunikira kuvala Zida Zodzitetezera (PPE). Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuvala chigoba chabwino chomwe chimasefa tinthu tating'onoting'ono .
• Mukatsuka malo okhala ndi fumbi, gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yonyowa poyeretsa popanda kusonkhezera fumbi. Izi zichepetsa kuchuluka kwa tinthu ta nkhungu tomwe timatuluka mumlengalenga.
• Onetsetsani kuti nyumba zomwe zili ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa nkhungu zili ndi mpweya wabwino.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji (Kudzisamalira ndekha)?

Ngati dokotala wakupezani ndi matenda a Farmer's Lung, gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupange dongosolo lochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa mapapo anu.

• Imwani mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani molondola komanso panthawi yake.
• Zinthu zomwe mungachite kunyumba kuti muwongolere ntchito ya mapapo anuFunsani dokotala wanu za masewera olimbitsa thupi apadera kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosalekeza monga kutsokomola ndi kuvutika kupuma, kapena ngati zikuoneka kuti zikuipiraipira pakapita nthawi, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala.
• Ngati muli kale ndi Farmer's Lung, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira .

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu zomwe zimayambitsa "mapapo a mlimi"?
• Kodi mapapo anga awonongeka? Kodi ndi oipa bwanji?
• Kodi kuwonongeka kumeneku kungabwezeretsedwe?
• Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa? Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa?
• Kodi ndingayembekezere kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubweranso liti kwa dokotala?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

"Mapapo a Mlimi" ndi matenda omwe angawononge mapapo anu ngati nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi zinthu monga udzu ndi tirigu wouma. Komabe, ngati apezeka msanga, mungapewe kuwonongeka kwakukulu komanso kosatha.

Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za m'mapapo zomwe zikupitirirabe - kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti "uku ndi chimfine choipa" - ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a Farmer's Lung, lankhulani moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kwa matenda anu. Dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kupanga dongosolo la zomwe mungayembekezere komanso zomwe mungachite kuti mupumule mosavuta ndikukweza moyo wanu.

Mapapo a Mlimi , Mapapo a Mlimi, matenda a m'mapapo, ziwengo, nkhungu, ulimi, mavuto a kupuma