Ndimaganiza kuti ndi kupweteka m'mimba, koma kodi iyi ndi khansa ya GIST? (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor)

Kodi nthawi zina mumakhala ndi vuto la m'mimba? Kapena mumamva kutopa kwambiri popanda chifukwa chenicheni? Mwina mukuganiza kuti ndi chifukwa cha zomwe mukudya masiku ano, kapena mwina ndi vuto la gastritis. Ndicho chimene chingakhale nthawi zambiri. Koma, ngakhale kuti n'zosowa, zizindikirozi zingakhalenso chizindikiro cha khansa yosowa, yosafala. Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero. Ndicho GIST, kapena Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Musachite mantha mukamva dzinalo, tidzakambirana chilichonse mosavuta komanso momveka bwino.

Mwachidule, kodi GIST iyi ndi chiyani?

Mawu akuti GIST amatanthauza Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor . Tiyeni tigawane mawu awa m'magawo awiri.

• M'mimba: Izi zikutanthauza njira yathu yogayira chakudya. Ndiko kuti, njira imene chakudya chomwe timadya chimadutsamo - mkamwa, m'mero, m'mimba, m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, ndi m'matumbo akulu.
• Stromal: Izi zikutanthauza mtundu wapadera wa minofu yomwe imapezeka m'makoma a ziwalo zathu ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira ziwalozo.
• Chotupa: Mwina mwamvapo za ichi. Izi zikutanthauza chotupa.

Mwachidule, GIST ndi chotupa cha khansa chomwe chimayamba mu mtundu wapadera wa selo pakhoma la chiwalo m'thupi lathu (nthawi zambiri m'mimba kapena m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono).

Uwu ndi mtundu wosowa wa khansa womwe uli m'gulu la ma sarcoma ofewa a minofu. M'makoma a matumbo athu, muli maselo apadera otchedwa ``interstitial cells of Cajal``. Ganizirani maselo awa ngati pacemaker ya matumbo athu. Maselo awa amathandiza kuwongolera kugwedezeka kwa rhythmic komwe kumafunikira kuti chakudya chilowe m'matumbo. Matenda a GIST amapangika pamene pali vuto m'maselo awa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti agawikane mosalamulirika.

Ma cysts amenewa nthawi zina amakhala ang'onoang'ono ngati chofufutira cha pensulo. Akakhala ang'onoang'ono, amatha kukhalapo kwa zaka zambiri osawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, ma cysts ena amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amayamba kuyambitsa zizindikiro zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala osasangalala.

Kodi zizindikiro za GIST ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, zotupazi zimapezeka mwangozi panthawi yojambula kapena opaleshoni yochitidwa pazifukwa zina, popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma ngati zizindikirozo zichitika, zitha kuwoneka motere. Tiyeni tiziike patebulo losavuta kumva.

Nchifukwa chiyani GIST iyi imayamba? Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chachikulu cha GIST ndi kusintha kwa majini athu. Ganizirani majini m'thupi lathu ngati buku la malangizo kuti thupi lathu likule ndikugwira ntchito. Pali tsamba m'buku la malangizoli lotchedwa `(KIT gene)`. Malinga ndi malangizo omwe ali patsamba lino, maselo otchedwa `(interstitial cells of Cajal)` omwe tidalankhula kale amapangidwa ndi kulamulidwa.

Koma nthawi zina, chilembo kapena liwu limalembedwa molakwika patsamba ili la `(KIT gene)`. Zili ngati cholakwika cholemba. Mu zamankhwala, izi zimatchedwa `(mutation)`. Chifukwa cha cholakwika ichi, jini ya KIT imapereka malangizo olakwika kuti ipange puloteni yapadera yotchedwa `(KIT CD117)`. Chifukwa cha puloteni yolakwika iyi, maselo amenewo nthawi zonse amalandira chizindikiro choti "pitirizani kugawa, pitirizani kugawa." Pamenepo ndi pamene maselo amenewo amakula mosalamulirika ndikupanga chotupa.

Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kumachitika mwachisawawa nthawi zonse m'miyoyo yathu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si chinthu chomwe timabadwa nacho.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, vutoli limatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a majini omwe amapatsirana kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo kupita ku mibadwomibadwo. Zina mwa milandu iyi ndi monga:

• Matenda a Family GIST: Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mwana amalandira jini ya KIT yolakwika kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi. Pankhaniyi, zotupa za GIST zimatha kukulirakulira ali wamng'ono, kapena zotupa zingapo zitha kukulirakulira.
• Mtundu woyamba wa Neurofibromatosis: Uwu ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha majini. Umayambitsa zotupa m'mitsempha ya thupi. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a GIST kuposa anthu onse.
• Matenda a Carney-Stratakis: Uwu ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, obadwa nawo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a GIST.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji GIST?

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe tatchula pamwambapa, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Kodi zakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, momwe zimamvera, ndi zina zotero. Kenako adzakuyesani. Kuphatikiza apo, adzakulangizani mayeso angapo kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.

Mayeso akuluakulu omwe amachitika

• Kuyeza kwapamwamba kwa endoscopy: Iyi nthawi zambiri ndi njira yoyamba yoyezera. Mwachidule, chubu chokhala ndi kamera yaying'ono yolumikizidwa imayikidwa kudzera pakamwa ndipo m'mero, m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la matumbo ang'onoang'ono zimafufuzidwa. Izi zimatha kuwona mwachindunji zotupa ndi kutuluka magazi.
• Kujambula kwa CT: Izi zimatenga zithunzi za mkati mwa thupi lathu. Zili ngati kudula chidutswa cha buledi. Izi zitha kuwonetsa bwino kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira ku ziwalo zina, monga chiwindi.
• Kufufuza za thupi:Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotsimikizira matendawa 100% nthawi zonse. Pa nthawi ya endoscopy kapena njira ina, chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chotupa chomwe chikukayikiridwa. Kenako, minofuyo imafufuzidwa pansi pa maikulosikopu mu labotale kuti ione ngati ndi maselo a GIST.
• Kujambula kwa PET: Nthawi zina, makamaka ngati pali kukayikira kuti khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi, mayesowa angachitike.

Kodi mankhwala a GIST ndi ati?

Chithandizo cha GIST chimadalira kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira kumadera ena. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya chithandizo.

1. Opaleshoni:

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha zotupa za GIST ndi kuchotsa chotupacho kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni. Ngati chotupacho ndi chaching'ono ndipo sichinafalikire kumadera ena, opaleshoni yokha ingachiritse matendawa kwathunthu.

2. Chithandizo Cholunjika:

Ichi ndi chinthu chosintha kwambiri pa chithandizo cha GIST. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy wamba, mankhwalawa ali ngati "mabomba anzeru." Amalunjika mwachindunji ku puloteni ya KIT yolakwika yomwe tidakambirana kale. Chifukwa chake, palibe kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa maselo athanzi.

• Opaleshoni isanachitike: Ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndipo n'chovuta kuchichita opaleshoni, chithandizochi chimaperekedwa kaye kenako opaleshoni imachitika chotupacho chikachepa.
• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni: Ngati pali chiopsezo chakuti matendawa abwererenso pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mankhwala awa amaperekedwanso kuti achepetse chiopsezocho.
• Ngati khansa yafalikira: Ngati chotupacho chafalikira kwambiri moti sichingachotsedwe, mungafunike kumwa mankhwala awa kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti muchepetse matendawa ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mukakhala ndi vuto la GIST?

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, zizindikiro zimatha kuchira, ndipo nthawi zina matendawa amatha kuchira kwathunthu. Komabe, GIST ndi vuto lomwe limatha kubwereranso. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulumikizana ndi dokotala wanu wa khansa yemwe adzakusamalirani ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo.

Mudzakhala ndi nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wanu miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Munthawi imeneyi, mayeso adzachitika kuti muwone ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zabwereranso.

• `Kujambula kwa CT`
• `Kujambula kwa MRI`
• `Kujambula kwa PET`

Timachita mayeso ngati awa kuti tiwonetsetse kuti zonse zili bwino.

Popeza GIST ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, ndi zachilendo kumva kudabwa komanso mantha mukadziwa za matendawa. Koma kumbukirani kuti tsopano pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa matendawa. Simuli nokha. Gulu lanu lachipatala, banja lanu, ndi anzanu onse alipo kuti akuthandizeni. Dziwani za matendawa, funsani mafunso, ndipo landirani chithandizo chabwino.