Ubongo ndi malo odabwitsa m'thupi lathu. Pali mtundu wina wa selo womwe umathandiza ndikuthandizira maselo amitsempha muubongo. Awa amatchedwa maselo a glial. Nthawi zina, maselo a glial awa amayamba kukula kwambiri popanda kulamulira. Pamenepo ndi pamene zotupa, kapena monga momwe timazitchulira, zimapangidwa muubongo kapena msana. Timatcha zotupa zomwe zimapangidwa motere "glioma".
Matenda a Glioma ndi mtundu wa chotupa chachikulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amakula mwachindunji muubongo kapena msana, ndipo sanafalikire kwina kulikonse m'thupi. Ndi chotupa chachikulu chomwe chingawononge moyo. Koma musadandaule, pali mankhwala abwino omwe alipo kuti athetse matendawa. Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi thupi lanu, thanzi lanu, ndi zosowa zanu, ndipo adzakufotokozerani njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira.
Kodi ma glioma amagawidwa bwanji?
Madokotala amagawa ma glioma awa m'magulu kutengera momwe amakulira mofulumira. Amaona zinthu zingapo kuti achite izi.
- Kodi chotupacho chikukulirakulira mofulumira bwanji?
- Kodi maselo a chotupacho amaoneka olakwika bwanji?
- Kodi izi zitha kufalikira bwanji?
Kutengera ndi zinthu izi, ma glioma amagawidwa m'magulu 1 mpaka 4. Giredi 1 ndi mtundu womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono. Giredi 4 ndi mtundu womwe umakula mofulumira komanso woopsa kwambiri. Izi zimagawidwanso m'magulu otsika (giredi 1 ndi 2) ndi apamwamba (giredi 3 ndi 4). Ngati glioma yotsika ipezeka ndikuchiritsidwa msanga, imatha kulamulidwa kapena kupewedwa kuti isakule kwambiri.
Ma glioma amagawidwanso m'magulu malinga ndi mtundu wa maselo a glial omwe amachokera. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Mtundu wa glioma | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Astrocytomas | Izi zimachokera ku maselo ooneka ngati nyenyezi otchedwa astrocytes muubongo mwathu. Zitha kukhala kuyambira pa zotupa zomwe zimakula pang'onopang'ono (zochepa) mpaka zotupa zomwe zimakula mwachangu (zokwera). |
| Glioblastomas | Uwu ndi mtundu wa glioma womwe umakula mofulumira kwambiri komanso moopsa kwambiri (WHO giredi 4). Ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya ubongo yoopsa mwa akuluakulu. |
| Ependymomas | Mtundu uwu umapezeka kwambiri mwa ana kuposa akuluakulu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotupa zochepa. |
| Oligodendrogliomas | Izi ndi mtundu wa glioma wosowa kwambiri komanso wotsika. Zimapezeka kwambiri mwa akuluakulu kuposa ana. |
Mayina awa angamveke ngati ovuta pang'ono kwa inu. Koma amathandiza madokotala kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lanu. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zonse m'mawu osavuta.
Kodi zizindikiro za glioma ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za chotupa cha glioma zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe chili mu ubongo kapena msana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chotupa chili mu gawo la ubongo lomwe limalamulira kulankhula, zingakhale zovuta kulankhula. Umu ndi momwe zilili. Koma pali zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino.
Chofunika ndichakuti, musaope kuti muli ndi glioma chifukwa chakuti muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi. Zitha kuchitikanso m'matenda ena ambiri. Koma ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mutu | Mutu womwe umakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali womwe umakula kwambiri makamaka m'mawa ndipo suyankha mankhwala wamba ochepetsa ululu. |
| Kusanza ndi nseru | Kusanza ndi kusanza komwe kumabwera popanda chifukwa chomveka. |
| Kusintha kwa masomphenya | Kuona zinthu molakwika, kuona zinthu ziwiri, kapena kutaya masomphenya mwadzidzidzi. |
| Kutaya thupi bwino | Kuvutika kuyenda, chizungulire, kulephera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. |
| Kugwidwa ndi khunyu | Matenda monga khunyu ladzidzidzi. |
| Kusintha kwa khalidwe ndi umunthu | Mkwiyo wadzidzidzi, chisoni (kukhumudwa), kusokonezeka maganizo, kapena kusintha kwa umunthu. |
| Kuvuta kulankhula ndi kuganiza | Kulephera kulumikiza mawu pamodzi (aphasia), kuvutika kukumbukira, kuphunzira, kapena kuganiza. |
| Kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi | Kusanza kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi (Hemiparesis). |
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa glioma? Kodi pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda?
Mwachidule, ma glioma amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini m'maselo a glial. Koma madokotala sakudziwabe chifukwa chake kusinthaku kumachitika.
Si chinthu chomwe tingachipewe. Komabe, kuonana ndi dokotala zizindikiro zikangoyamba kuwonekera ndikupeza chithandizo kungathandize kupeza zotsatira zabwino.
Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala glioma, zinthu zina zingawonjezere chiopsezocho pang'ono.
- Zaka: Zofala kwambiri mwa akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 65 komanso ana osakwana zaka 12.
- Mbiri ya Banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi khansa ya muubongo kapena msana, chiopsezo chanu chikhoza kuwonjezeka pang'ono chifukwa cha majini.
- Kukhudzidwa ndi ma radiation kapena poizoni:Kukumana ndi ma radiation kapena mankhwala ena kwa nthawi yayitali kungakhalenso chinthu choopsa.
Koma musadandaule , nthawi zambiri, palibe chomwe chimayambitsa glioma iyi.
Kodi dokotala amadziwa bwanji ngati iyi ndi glioma?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dokotala adzayamba wafunsa za mbiri yanu yachipatala, adzakuyezani thupi, ndikukuyezani ubongo.
Kenako, muyenera kuchita mayeso apadera kuti muone mkati mwa ubongo.
- Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izi zingapangitse zithunzi zomveka bwino za ubongo ndi msana.
- Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography): Izi zimatenganso zithunzi za ubongo kuti ziwone ngati pali chotupa.
Ngati ma scan awa akusonyeza kuti pali chotupa, gawo lotsatira ndi biopsy . Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chotupacho ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatsimikizira mtundu weniweni wa chotupacho komanso kuchuluka kwake.
Mu mkhalidwe uwu, mudzatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa mitsempha ya ubongo kuti akalandire chithandizo.
Kodi mankhwala a glioma ndi ati?
Njira yochiritsira yomwe ili yabwino kwa inu idzatsimikiziridwa poganizira zinthu zingapo.
- Mtundu, kukula, ndi malo a chotupa cha glioma.
- zaka zanu.
- Thanzi lanu lonse.
- Kodi mudalandirapo chithandizo cha khansa ya muubongo kale?
Kawirikawiri, njira imodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ngati chithandizo.
- Opaleshoni
- Chithandizo cha radiation
- Mankhwala a Chemotherapy
Opaleshoni
Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo choyamba ndi kuchotsa chotupa kudzera mu opaleshoni. Ngati dokotala angathe, amachotsa chotupa chonsecho. Komabe, nthawi zina ma glioma amakula m'malo ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kuchotsa muubongo. Pazochitikazi, sizingatheke kuwachotsa kwathunthu. Njira yodziwika kwambiri ndi craniotomy, yomwe ndi opaleshoni yomwe imakhudza kutsegula chigaza, ndipo ndi opaleshoni yofala kwambiri.
Nthawi zina, kutengera kukula ndi malo a chotupacho, njira yochepetsera kufalikira kwa chotupacho yotchedwa laser ablation ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kuchokera ku laser beam kuti awononge chotupacho.
Chithandizo cha radiation ndi chemotherapy
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation ndi chemotherapy zimaperekedwa kuti ziwononge maselo otsala a khansa.
Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, monga X-ray, kuti chiwononge maselo a khansa.Mankhwala awa ndi omwe amaletsa maselo a khansa kukula ndi kugawikana. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chithandizo chachikulu ngati chotupacho chili pamalo oopsa omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?
Ndizachilendo kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina panthawi yolandira chithandizo cha khansa. Zina mwa izo zimatha kukhala nthawi yayitali. Funsani dokotala wanu za chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu , chomwe chingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikirozi komanso zotsatirapo za chithandizo. Zotsatirapo zofala zimaphatikizapo:
- Kugona tulo ndi kutopa kwambiri (kutopa ndi khansa)
- Kutaya magazi m'thupi (anemia)
- Kutaya tsitsi (makamaka panthawi ya chithandizo cha radiation)
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Ululu
- Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana (chifukwa cha chemotherapy)
- Kusintha kwa kuganiza ndi kukumbukira
Kambiranani momasuka ndi gulu lanu lachipatala za chilichonse mwa izi.
Za tsogolo ndi moyo
Kuchuluka kwa moyo wa munthu amene ali ndi glioma kumadalira zinthu zingapo. Mtundu wa chotupa, kuchuluka kwake, ndi zaka za wodwalayo ndi zina mwa zofunika kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, zaka zomwe matendawa amapezeka ali aang'ono komanso chithandizo chimayamba, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Koma kumbukirani, ziwerengero ndi deta wamba. Mkhalidwe wanu ukhoza kugwirizana kapena sungagwirizane ndi ziwerengerozo. Choncho musachite mantha kapena kutaya chiyembekezo mukaona ziwerengerozi. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani chithunzi chomveka bwino cha momwe mulili.
Kukhala ndi khansa ndi vuto lalikulu, la m'maganizo komanso la thupi. Lankhulani moona mtima ndi gulu lanu lachipatala komanso okondedwa anu za momwe mukumvera. Funsani uphungu ngati pakufunika kutero. Komanso, kulowa m'magulu othandizira ndi ena omwe adakumanapo ndi zomwezo kungakhale gwero lalikulu la mphamvu kwa inu ndi banja lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Glioma ndi mtundu wa chotupa chachikulu chomwe chimapezeka mu ubongo kapena msana.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga mutu wopitirira, khunyu, kusintha kwa masomphenya, kapena kusintha kwa khalidwe, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kujambula ndi MRI kapena CT scan ndi biopsy ndizofunikira kwambiri pozindikira matenda.
- Chithandizo chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: opaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation, ndi chemotherapy.
- Musayese kuyenda ulendowu nokha. Pemphani thandizo kwa gulu lanu lachipatala, abale anu, ndi anzanu. Lankhulani momasuka za momwe mukumvera.
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