Kodi munayamba mwatenga lipoti la magazi, n’kuyang’ana mawu omwe ali pamenepo, n’kuganiza kuti, “Ichi n’chiyani?” Limodzi mwa mawu omwe mukuona pa malipoti amenewo ndi hemoglobin. Komanso, A1C ndi mayeso omwe mumamva mukalankhula za matenda a shuga. Zonsezi zimatiuza zambiri zokhudza thanzi la thupi lathu. Lero, tikambirana za hemoglobin ndi mayeso a A1C m’njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi hemoglobin kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, hemoglobin ndi puloteni yapadera yomwe imapezeka mkati mwa maselo ofiira a magazi. Ili ngati 'ntchito yotumizira' yomwe imagwira ntchito m'matupi athu.
Ntchito yake yaikulu ndikutenga mpweya womwe umalowa m'mapapo tikamapuma ndikuupereka ku minofu yonse ya thupi. Umanyamulanso mpweya wa carbon dioxide womwe umapangidwa m'minofu imeneyo kubwerera ku mapapo kuti utuluke tikamapuma. Hemoglobin iyi ndi yomwe imapatsa magazi athu mtundu wofiira.
Molekyulu ya hemoglobin imapangidwa ndi unyolo wa mapuloteni anayi. Unyolo uliwonse uli ndi gawo lotchedwa 'heme' lomwe lili ndi chitsulo. Mamolekyu a okosijeni amabwera ndikugwirizana ndi gawo ili lomwe lili ndi chitsulo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati thupi lanu lilibe chitsulo chokwanira, thupi lanu silidzatha kupanga hemoglobin yokwanira. Kenako mphamvu yonyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse idzachepa.
Kodi hemoglobin yotsika komanso yokwera imatanthauza chiyani?
Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yomwe thupi lathu limafunikira kumadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zaka, jenda, komanso thanzi labwino. Mwachitsanzo, anthu okhala m'mapiri, kutanthauza kuti m'mapiri okwera, ali ndi hemoglobin yokwera pang'ono kuposa omwe amakhala pafupi ndi nyanja.
Hemoglobin imayesedwa mu magalamu pa decilita imodzi (gm/dL). Miyezo yathanzi yachibadwa ndi iyi:
- Amuna: 14.0 mpaka 17.5 g/dL
- Azimayi: 12.3 mpaka 15.3 g/dL
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe zingachitike ngati magawo awa asintha.
| Udindo | Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro zake |
|---|---|
| Hemoglobin Yochepa | Kawirikawiri timatcha vutoli kukhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi . Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe izi zimachitikira:
Zizindikiro zazikulu: kutopa kosalekeza, kufooka, kutopa, kupweteka pachifuwa, chizungulire. |
| Hemoglobin Yambiri | Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali (hypoxia). Zingayambitsidwe ndi:
Zizindikiro zazikulu: mutu, kusawona bwino, chizungulire, ziphuphu pakhungu, chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana. |
Chofunika: Ngati mulingo wa hemoglobin wanu uli wochepa kapena wokwera pa lipotilo, musachite mantha, koma onani dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe chifukwa chenicheni.
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za mayeso a A1C.
Ponena za hemoglobin, imodzi mwa mayeso ofunikira kwambiri okhudzana ndi hemoglobin ndi HbA1c, kapena monga tonse tikudziwira, mayeso a A1C. Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu adziwe matenda a shuga komanso kuti aone momwe munthu wodwala matenda ashuga akuchiritsira matenda ake.
Kodi mayeso a A1C amatiuza chiyani?
Ganizirani za avareji ya mpira wa cricket kwa nyengo yonse. Simungathe kudziwa ngati ndi wosewera wabwino kapena ayi kutengera kuchuluka kwa zigoli zomwe amagoletsa pamasewera amodzi. Koma mukayang'ana avareji yake ya nyengo yonse, mutha kudziwa bwino luso lake.
Mayeso a A1C ndi ofanana. M'malo mongoyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu tsiku limodzi, mayesowa akuwonetsa momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu kwakhalira m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yapitayi .
Kodi ichi chimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Shuga (shuga) m'magazi mwathu umalumikizana ndi hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi mwathu. Pamene shuga m'magazi akuwonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumalumikizana ndi hemoglobin kumawonjezekanso. Popeza nthawi yapakati ya moyo wa selo lofiira m'magazi ndi miyezi itatu, mayesowa amapereka chithunzi chabwino cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu m'miyezi itatu yapitayi.
Miyezo ya A1C ndi tanthauzo lake
Zotsatira za A1C zimaperekedwa ngati peresenti (%). Apa ndi momwe zotsatirazo zimatanthauza.
| Chiŵerengero cha A1C (%) | Tanthauzo |
|---|---|
| Zochepera 5.6% | Zachibadwa - Mulibe matenda a shuga. |
| 5.7% mpaka 6.4% | Matenda a shuga asanafike - Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga. Ili ndi chenjezo! |
| 6.5% kapena kupitirira apo | Matenda a shuga - Mwatsimikiziridwa kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga. |
Kodi mulingo wa A1C umakhala woopsa liti?
Ngati mulingo wa A1C wanu uli wokwera kuposa 9%, ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri . Zimatanthauza kuti matenda anu a shuga sakulamuliridwa konse. Izi zimawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu monga kulephera kuwona, kulephera kwa impso, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha (diabetic neuropathy), matenda a mtima, ndi sitiroko.
Kodi mungayang'anire bwanji kuchuluka kwa A1C ndi hemoglobin?
Pochiza matenda onsewa, ndikofunikira kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Dokotala wanu adzakuyesani mayeso ofunikira ndikukupatsani chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.
Ngati hemoglobin ili yotsika:
Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi chitsulo chochuluka n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Chitsulo cha Heme: Ng'ombe, nkhuku, nsomba (monga tuna), nkhanu, ndi nyama zina.
- Chitsulo chopanda heme chimapezeka muzakudya za zomera: sipinachi, mphodza, nandolo, soya, zipatso zouma, mphesa zouma, ndi mbewu za dzungu.
- Malangizo ofunikira: Mukadya zakudya zokhala ndi iron yokhala ndi zakudya zokhala ndi vitamini C wambiri (mandimu, malalanje, ma tangerines, tomato, magwava), kuyamwa kwa iron m'thupi kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri.
Ngati mulingo wa A1C uli wokwera:
Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa A1C m'magazi awo pansi pa 7%. Kuti muchite izi:
- Kuwongolera zakudya: Kuwongolera zakudya zomwe zili ndi wowuma (chakudya chopatsa mphamvu) (mpunga, buledi, mbatata, maswiti). Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Siyani zakumwa zotsekemera.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi:Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, monga kuyenda, kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 tsiku lililonse. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumawonjezera mphamvu ya thupi yogwiritsira ntchito insulin.
- Mankhwala: Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani panthawi yoyenera komanso mu mlingo woyenera.
Musaiwale, musayese kuchita chilichonse mwa izi nokha. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kulikonse komwe mupanga pa moyo wanu ndi zakudya zanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Hemoglobin ndi puloteni yomwe imapezeka m'maselo ofiira a magazi yomwe imanyamula mpweya m'thupi lathu lonse.
- Kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi kungakhale chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, choncho ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.
- Mayeso a A1C akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu m'miyezi 2-3 yapitayi.
- Ngati mulingo wa A1C uli pakati pa 5.7% - 6.4%, ndiye kuti shuga isanakwane. Ngati uli 6.5% kapena kupitirira apo, ndiye kuti ndi matenda a shuga.
- Zakudya zabwino, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani zingathandize kukhala ndi hemoglobin ndi A1C zabwino.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza zotsatira za mayeso anu a magazi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu.
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