Kodi HNPCC (Heriditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) ndi chiyani? Kodi pali mbiri ya khansa m'banja mwanu?

Nthawi zina timaona kuti anthu angapo m'banja limodzi amatenga khansa yamtundu womwewo. Kapena akuti anthu a m'banja limodzi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Ndicho chimene tikambirana lero. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tiyese kuimvetsa mosavuta.

Kodi matenda a HNPCC ndi Lynch Syndrome ndi ati?

Mwachidule, HNPCC (Heredary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'matumbo yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Izi zili choncho chifukwa majini ena omwe timalandira kuchokera kwa makolo athu amatipangitsa kukhala ndi maselo a khansa mosavuta.

Mwina munamvapo za matenda a Lynch, omwe amatchedwanso Lynch syndrome . Matenda a HNPCC ndi Lynch syndrome ndi ofanana, koma si ofanana kwenikweni. Timatchula HNPCC makamaka ngati khansa yokhudzana ndi matenda a Lynch yomwe imapezeka munthu asanakwanitse zaka 50. Izi sizingaphatikizepo khansa ya m'matumbo okha, komanso khansa ya m'mimba (endometrium), m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, mkodzo, ndi m'chiuno cha impso. Mu HNPCC, khansa imapezeka kwambiri kumanja kwa m'matumbo.

Kodi HNPCC ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a HNPCC ndi omwe amachititsa pakati pa 2% ndi 4% ya khansa yonse ya m'matumbo. Amatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zimawonekera ndipo matendawa amapezeka asanakwanitse zaka 50.

Kodi zizindikiro za HNPCC ndi ziti?

Poyamba, HNPCC siingayambitse zizindikiro zilizonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansa imatha kukula m'thupi mwanu popanda kumva chilichonse. Koma khansa ikakula, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa.
• Chakudyacho sichikoma.
• Magazi mu ndowe. (Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri, musachinyalanyaze!)
• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse (Kutopa).
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chomveka bwino.

Kodi zifukwa za HNPCC ndi ziti?

Monga tanenera kale, HNPCC imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini komwe kumachokera kwa makolo athu. Pamene zolakwika za majinizi zimapatsiridwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo, chiopsezo chotenga khansa chimawonjezeka m'banjamo. Timatcha izi kuti 'matenda a khansa ya m'banja'.

Khansa ya m'banja yomwe imayambitsa HNPCC ndi Lynch syndrome . Imayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini a MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, ndi EPCAM . Ntchito ya majini awa ndikukonza zolakwika zomwe zimachitika panthawi yobwerezabwereza kwa DNA pamene maselo athu akugawikana. Tangoganizirani, ngati majini awa sakugwira ntchito bwino, zolakwikazo sizikonzedwa. Ndiye mwayi woti maselo abwinobwino akhale maselo a khansa ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Kodi HNPCC imapatsirana?

Ayi, HNPCC si matenda opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sifalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina mwa kukhudza kapena kuyetsemula. Komabe, kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa HNPCC kumafalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo kupita ku mibadwomibadwo . Chifukwa chake, mamembala angapo a mabanja omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini kumeneku akhoza kukhala ndi khansa ya m'matumbo kapena khansa zina zokhudzana ndi matenda a Lynch.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti jini lolakwikali komanso chiopsezo chotenga HNPCC zitha kutengera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji khansa ya m'matumbo?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amachita kafukufuku wa thupi kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa ya m'matumbo. Kenako amalangiza kuti achite colonoscopy , yomwe imaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu chaching'ono, chowala kudzera mu anus yanu kuti aone mkati mwa m'matumbo anu.

Ngati wina aliyense m'banja mwanu ali ndi HNPCC, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu . Ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire HNPCC?

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe majini kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumakhudzana ndi matenda a Lynch. Dokotala wanu adzakufunsaninso za:

• Kodi pali aliyense m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale) amene adadwalapo khansa ya m'matumbo? Makamaka ngati inapezeka isanakwanitse zaka 50.
• Zimathandizanso kuti musakhale ndi khansa ina ya m'matumbo yobadwa nayo yotchedwa Familyal Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) , yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kosiyana ndi HNPCC.

Kodi opaleshoni ndiyofunikira pa matenda a HNPCC?

Inde, HNPCC nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni. Opaleshoni iyi imatchedwa colectomy . Imafuna kuchotsa gawo kapena matumbo onse akuluakulu. Pali mitundu ingapo ya opaleshoni:

• Kuchotsa ziwalo za m'mimba mwa khansa kapena kuchotsa ziwalo za m'mimba mwa khansa: Pachifukwa ichi, gawo la m'matumbo lomwe lili ndi khansa ndi lomwe limachotsedwa.
• Kuchotsa chotupa m'mimba: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa m'matumbo ndi m'matumbo.
• Kuchotsa mimba yonse: Pachifukwa ichi, m'mimba wonse umachotsedwa.

Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe alipo a HNPCC?

Ngati khansa ya m'matumbo yafalikira (yomwe yafalikira) ku ziwalo zina za thupi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala monga:

• Chemotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala owononga maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lathu kuti chilimbane ndi maselo a khansa.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amakonda chithandizo cha immunotherapy chifukwa nthawi zambiri chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri ndipo chimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa.

Kodi HNPCC ingapewedwe?

Matenda a khansa a m'banja amenewa amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini komwe kunabadwa nako. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira yopewera kusintha kwa majini kumeneku . Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a Lynch kapena HNPCC, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ngati muyeneranso kuyesedwa majini.

Kuwunika nthawi zonse, komanso, ngati kuli kofunikira, opaleshoni yodzitetezera kungachepetse chiopsezo cha imfa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi HNPCC.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a HNPCC?

Ngati kuyezetsa majini kukutsimikizirani kuti muli ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumakhudzana ndi matenda a Lynch, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mufufuze khansa ya m'matumbo kuyambira muli ndi zaka 20. Ngati khansa yapezeka msanga, mwayi wopeza chithandizo chabwino ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Ngati ndili ndi HNPCC, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani china?

Ngati muli ndi HNPCC, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa zina zokhudzana ndi HNPCC. Choncho dokotala wanu angakuyezeninso nthawi zonse za mitundu iyi ya khansa:

• Khansa ya muubongo
• Khansa ya impso
• Khansa ya chiwindi
• Khansa ya m'chiberekero
• Khansa ya m'mimba
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Khansa ya m'mimba/endometrial

Kodi HNPCC ingachiritsidwe?

Matenda a Lynch sangathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu chifukwa ndi matenda a majini. Komabe, opaleshoni yochotsa m'matumbo onse (kuchotsa m'matumbo onse) ingachiritse HNPCC ndikuletsa kukula kwa khansa ya m'matumbo .

Kodi chiyembekezo cha anthu omwe ali ndi HNPCC ndi chiyani?

Pafupifupi 60% ya anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda a HNPCC amakhalabe ndi moyo patatha zaka zisanu . Izi zikutanthauza kuti odwala 60 mwa 100 aliwonse amakhalabe ndi moyo patatha zaka zisanu kuchokera pamene adapezeka ndi matenda a HNPCC. Chiwerengero chonse cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Lynch syndrome omwe amapulumuka kwa zaka 10 chili pakati pa 70% ndi 88%. Ziwerengerozi zingawoneke zoopsa, koma kumbukirani kuti mukazindikira msanga komanso kulandira chithandizo choyenera, vutoli lingathe kuthetsedwa kwambiri .

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji ngati ndili ndi HNPCC?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zatsopano za khansa ya m'matumbo, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo . Kuti mupewe khansa ya m'matumbo, mungachite izi:

• Pewani kusuta fodya.
• Idyani zakudya zabwino.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Pezani mayeso onse a khansa omwe dokotala wanu akukulangizani.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera.

Kodi mwana wanga ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a HNPCC?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Lynch syndrome, mwana wanu ali ndi mwayi wa 50% wolandira kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa matendawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati muli ndi ana awiri, mmodzi akhoza kulandira jini ndipo winayo sangalandire. Ngati kusintha kwa majini kotereku kwachitika, mwana ameneyo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a HNPCC.

Kodi khansa ya m'matumbo ya FAP ndi HNPCC ndi yofanana?

HNPCC ndi FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) zonsezi ndi khansa ya m'matumbo, koma zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini osiyanasiyana .

Anthu omwe ali ndi FAP amakhala ndi ma polyp ambiri m'matumbo awo. Nthawi zina pamakhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa ma polyp. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi HNPCC samakhala ndi ma polyp ambiri, ndipo nthawi zina khansa imatha kukhala popanda ma polyp. Ma polyp omwe amapezeka mu HNPCC nthawi zambiri amakhala athyathyathya.

Ma polyps omwe amakula m'matenda onsewa amaonedwa kuti ndi oyambitsa khansa , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kusanduka khansa pakapita nthawi yochepa.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi ndi izi:

Khansa ya m'matumbo yopanda polyposis (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'matumbo yoyambitsidwa ndi vuto la majini lomwe limafalikira m'mibadwo yambiri. Limagwirizanitsidwanso ndi matenda a Lynch.

• Ngati m'banja mwanu muli ndi khansa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za khansayo.
• Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe zizindikiro, ngati muli pachiwopsezo , pitani kukayezetsa nthawi zonse.
• Ngati zapezeka msanga, chithandizo chingakhale chothandiza.
• HNPCC si matenda opatsirana, koma amatha kutengera majini.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu. Adzakuthandizani.

` HNPCC, Lynch syndrome, khansa ya m'matumbo, khansa ya m'matumbo, khansa ya m'matumbo, kusintha kwa majini, khansa yobadwa nayo, kuyezetsa khansa, colonoscopy, opaleshoni, chemotherapy, chithandizo cha immunotherapy