Kodi inunso mumakhala ndi vuto la m'mimba pafupipafupi? Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za matenda awa otchedwa (Irritable Bowel Syndrome - IBS)?

Kodi nthawi zina mumakhala ndi kupweteka m'mimba modabwitsa, kudzimbidwa, ndowe zonga kutsegula m'mimba mukapita kuchimbudzi, kapena mumavutika kukhala ndi kudzimbidwa kwa masiku ambiri? Zizindikiro izi si chimodzi, koma zingapo zomwe zimakumana ndikukhudza dongosolo lanu la m'mimba, zomwe tikulankhula lero (Irritable Bowel Syndrome), kapena (IBS) mwachidule. Uwu ndi vuto lofala komanso losasangalatsa.

Kodi Matenda a M'mimba Osakwiya (IBS) ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, IBS ndi mndandanda wa zizindikiro ndi mavuto omwe amakhudza dongosolo lanu la m'mimba, makamaka matumbo anu. Ndi vuto lofala lomwe limakhudza matumbo anu. Anthu omwe ali ndi IBS amatha kumva kupweteka m'mimba pafupipafupi komanso kupweteka m'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kutsegula m'mimba pafupipafupi, kudzimbidwa, kapena nthawi zina zonse ziwiri.

Koma chabwino kwambiri n'chakuti IBS siiwononga minofu ya m'mimba mwanu. Sizikuwonjezeranso chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda aakulu monga khansa ya m'matumbo. Ngakhale kuti ndi matenda osatha, anthu ambiri amatha kuthana nawo bwino mwa kusintha moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku, kudya zakudya, kumwa mankhwala ngati pakufunika kutero, komanso mankhwala enaake.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya IBS?

Inde, IBS imagawidwa makamaka kutengera mtundu wa ndowe zanu (nthawi zambiri timazitcha 'chimbudzi') masiku omwe zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBS amachita matumbo abwinobwino masiku ena, koma matumbo osazolowereka masiku ena. Mtundu wa matumbo m'masiku amenewo osazolowereka umatsimikiza mtundu wa IBS.

• IBS yokhala ndi kudzimbidwa (IBS-C): Pankhaniyi, ndowe zambiri zimakhala zovuta kutuluka, zotupa, komanso zouma.
• IBS yokhala ndi kutsegula m'mimba (IBS-D): Apa ndi pomwe ndowe zanu zambiri zimakhala zotayirira, ngati madzi.
• IBS yokhala ndi zizolowezi zosiyanasiyana za m'mimba (IBS-M): Mu mtundu uwu, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana zodzimbidwa (ndowe zolimba, zotupa) ndi kutsegula m'mimba (ndowe zotayirira).

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku, chifukwa mankhwala ena amagwira ntchito pa mitundu ina ya IBS yokha.

Kodi IBS ndi yofala bwanji?

Izi ndi vuto lofala kwambiri. Malinga ndi akatswiri, akuti pakati pa 10% ndi 15% ya akuluakulu ku United States ali ndi IBS. Komabe, ndi ochepa okha, pakati pa 5% ndi 7%, omwe amawonana ndi dokotala ndikulandira matenda. Mkhalidwe m'dziko lathu ungafanane kwambiri.

IBS ndi imodzi mwa matenda omwe amawapeza kwambiri ndi akatswiri a gastroenterologists.

Kodi zizindikiro za IBS ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za IBS zimatha kukhala zosalekeza. Kapena, zimatha kukhala zosakhalitsa (kutupa). Izi zikutanthauza kuti simukhala ndi zizindikiro nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha (mumakhala ndi matumbo abwinobwino), kenako zimabwereranso pakapita kanthawi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za IBS ndi izi:

• Izi nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi kupweteka m'mimba kapena kupweteka m'mimba, nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi kufunikira kochita chimbudzi.
• Mpweya wambiri ndi kutupa.
• Kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, kapena kusinthana pakati pa ziwirizi.
• Pakhoza kukhala tinthu tonga ntchofu (monga madzi oyera) mu ndowe.
• Kumva ngati m'mimba simunatulukemo konse, ngakhale mutachotsa chimbudzi.

Kodi zifukwa za IBS ndi ziti?

Ofufuza sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa IBS. Komabe, imagawidwa ngati matenda a neurogastrointestinal (GI). Matendawa amatchedwanso "matenda a intestine-brain interaction." Mwachidule, amakhulupirira kuti amayamba chifukwa cha mavuto a kulumikizana pakati pa ubongo wanu ndi matumbo anu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kugaya chakudya kugwire bwino ntchito.

Mavuto olumikizana pakati pa ubongo ndi m'mimba angayambitse zinthu monga:

• Kusayenda bwino kwa thupi: Mavuto ndi momwe minofu ya m'mimba mwanu imagwirira ntchito ndikusuntha chakudya m'mimba . Anthu omwe ali ndi IBS amaoneka kuti ali ndi minofu yambiri m'matumbo awo akuluakulu kuposa masiku onse. Kuyenda bwino kumeneku kumayambitsa kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka.
• Kusamva bwino kwa visceral: Mitsempha m'mimba mwanu ingakhale yovuta kwambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi IBS apezeka kuti satha kupirira ululu kwambiri kuposa omwe alibe IBS. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'mimba mwanu mungakhale omasuka kwambiri ndi ululu ndi kusamva bwino kuposa munthu wamba.

Nazi zina mwazinthu zomwe zingathandize pakukula kwa IBS:

• Mabakiteriya a m'mimba: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pali kusiyana kwa mabakiteriya m'mimba mwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBS. Kusiyana kumeneku kungayambitse zizindikiro. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti mitundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya m'matumbo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBS ndi osiyana ndi omwe alibe IBS.
• Matenda oopsa: Anthu ena amapezeka ndi IBS atatha kudwala matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza kugaya chakudya. Chifukwa chake n'zotheka kuti majeremusi ndi omwe amachititsa izi.
• Kusadya bwino: Kusadya bwino kapena kusakhala ndi vuto la chifuwa kungayambitse IBS. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena sangathe kugaya mkaka, pomwe ena amavutika kudya zakudya zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu.
• Kupsinjika maganizo kwa ana: IBS imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe adazunzidwa mwakuthupi, m'chiwerewere, kapena m'maganizo ali ana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri kumakhudzanso.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za IBS?

Ngati muli ndi IBS, mwina mwazindikira kuti zinthu zina zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Izi sizomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, koma zimatha kupangitsa zizindikiro zanu kukhala zovuta kwambiri kapena kuyambitsa zatsopano. Timazitcha izi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi izi:

• Kusamba: Mungapeze kuti zizindikiro zanu zikuwonjezeka ndi nthawi yanu ya mwezi uliwonse.
• Zakudya zina: Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Komabe, zakudya zomwe zimawonjezera zizindikiro za IBS ndi monga mkaka, zakudya zomwe zili ndi gluten (monga ufa wa tirigu), ndi zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zimayambitsa mpweya (monga nyemba, kabichi, zakumwa zotsekemera).
• Kupsinjika Maganizo: Ofufuza ena amati IBS ndi momwe m'mimba mwanu mumayankhira kupsinjika maganizo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina IBS imatchedwa "m'mimba wamanjenje" kapena "m'mimba wodandaula." Taganizirani izi, kodi mumamva ngati m'mimba mwanu mukumva kupweteka kwambiri mukadzayesedwa kapena mukakhala ndi vuto ku ofesi? Ndi zoona.

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga IBS?

IBS imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 18-20 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka 40. Azimayi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka kuwirikiza kawiri matenda a IBS kuposa amuna. Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi izi:

• Kusalolera zakudya zina.
• Popeza kale ndinali ndi matenda aakulu a m'mimba.
• Monga tanenera kale, kukhala ndi mbiri yozunzidwa ali mwana kapena mtsogolo.
• Kukhala ndi matenda amisala monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, kapena matenda ovutika maganizo pambuyo pa zoopsa (PTSD).

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBS alinso ndi matenda ena opweteka nthawi zonse. Mavuto omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo cha IBS ndi awa:

• Fibromyalgia
• Matenda a kutopa kosatha (Chronic fatigue syndrome)
• Kupweteka kwa m'chiuno kosatha

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi IBS? (Kuzindikira)

Gawo loyamba pozindikira matenda a IBS ndikutenga mbiri yonse yachipatala. Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kodi mumamva kupweteka mukamatsuka?
• Kodi mukuona kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe anu a m'mimba?
• Kodi pali kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a chopondapo chanu?
• Kodi mumakhala ndi zizindikiro izi kangati?
• Kodi zizindikiro zimenezi zinayamba liti?
• Kodi mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse?
• Kodi mwadwala posachedwapa kapena mwakumana ndi vuto losautsa m'moyo wanu?

Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu, mungafunike kuyesedwa kwina kuti mutsimikizire matendawa. Palibe njira imodzi yodziwira matenda a IBS. M'malo mwake, dokotala wanu adzadziwa ngati muli ndi IBS mwa:

• Ndamva za zizindikiro zanu.
• Yang'anani ngati mwayesa khansa ya m'matumbo anu pa nthawi yake.
• Onetsetsani kuti mulibe zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza matenda ena.

Mayeso a labu

Kawirikawiri, mayeso a labu amachitidwa kuti athetse matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zanu, monga matenda, kusalolera chakudya, kapena matenda ena am'mimba (monga Inflammatory Bowel Disease - IBD). Si aliyense amene amafunika mayeso ofanana.

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani matenda a m'mimba kapena matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zanu.
• Kuyesa chopondapo: Kufufuza ngati pali kutupa m'matumbo chifukwa cha matenda kapena matenda a m'mimba.
• Kuyesa mpweya wa haidrojeni: Yang'anani ngati muli ndi mabakiteriya a m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono (SIBO) kapena ngati simukulekerera chakudya.

Mayeso ena (Mayeso ojambula zithunzi)

Njira zojambulira zithunzi zingakhale zofunikira kuti mupewe kutupa kapena kukula kosazolowereka m'mimba mwanu.

• Colonoscopy: Izi zimathandiza dokotala wanu kudziwa ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la m'mimba (monga ma polyps, IBD, kapena khansa) zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro zanu. Pa nthawi yoyezetsayi, dokotala wanu amaika chubu (scope) chokhala ndi kamera mkati mwake chomwe chingathe kuona m'mimba mwanu wonse.
• Sigmoidoscopy yosinthasintha: Izi zikufanana ndi colonoscopy, koma dokotala amatha kuwona mkati mwa rectum yanu ndi pansi pa matumbo anu.
• Endoscopy yapamwamba: Izi zingathandize kuzindikira matenda a celiac kapena mavuto ena am'mimba. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito chubu chopyapyala kuti chiwone m'mero, m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono, duodenum.

Kodi mankhwala a IBS ndi ati?

Palibe chithandizo chimodzi choyenera onse. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBS angapeze njira yochizira yomwe imawagwirira ntchito. Mankhwala ofala amaphatikizapo kusintha zakudya ndi kusintha moyo wawo. Mankhwala angathandizenso. Chithandizo cha thanzi la khalidwe chingathandizenso anthu ena.

Mankhwala ambiriwa amatenga nthawi kuti agwire ntchito. Ngakhale kuti angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu, sangawathetseretu.

Kusintha kwa zakudya

Katswiri wa zakudya angakuthandizeni kusankha zakudya zoyenera kwa inu ndikusintha momwe mumadyera kuti zizindikiro zisakule kwambiri. Angakulimbikitseni zinthu monga:

• Onjezani ulusi wambiri muzakudya zanu. Zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri (zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, tirigu wonse, mphesa zouma, mtedza) zingathandize anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kudzimbidwa. Koma musayambe kudya ulusi wambiri nthawi imodzi; onjezerani pang'onopang'ono, kuti matumbo anu akhale ndi nthawi yozolowera.
• Imwani ulusi wowonjezera. Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera ulusi monga Metamucil® kapena Citrucel® (funsani dokotala musanamwe izi).
• Chepetsani zakudya za mkaka (monga tchizi ndi mkaka). Kusagwirizana ndi lactose n'kofala pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi IBS. Ngati mukuchepetsa kudya mkaka, onetsetsani kuti mwadya zakudya zina zokhala ndi calcium yambiri (monga broccoli, sipinachi, salimoni).
• Chepetsani zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa mpweya. Zakudya monga nyemba, Brussels sprouts, ndi kabichi zimadziwika kuti zimayambitsa mpweya. Zakumwa zokhala ndi carbonated ndi chewing chingamu nazonso zingayambitse mpweya. Chepetsani zakudya izi ndikupatsa matumbo anu mpumulo.
• Pewani zakudya zomwe zili ndi gluten. Ngakhale anthu omwe alibe matenda a celiac (IBS) akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la gluten. Ngati mwasankha zakudya zopanda gluten, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukupeza mavitamini ndi michere yofunika kwambiri (monga ulusi, chitsulo, ndi calcium) yomwe imapezeka muzakudya zomwe zili ndi gluten.
• Yesani zakudya zochepa za FODMAP. Ndondomeko iyi ya zakudya imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya. M'malo mwake, imalimbikitsa zakudya zina zomwe zimakupatsirani michere yomwe mukufuna komanso zomwe zimathandiza kuti kugaya chakudya kukhale kosavuta. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta pang'ono, choncho ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala kapena katswiri wa zakudya.
• Imwani madzi ambiri. Imwani magalasi osachepera 8 (pafupifupi malita awiri) a madzi patsiku. Madzi amathandiza kuti m'mimba mwanu mukhale ndi madzi okwanira komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kudzimbidwa.
• Sungani buku la chakudya. Dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti musunge buku la chakudya kuti mudziwe zakudya zomwe mumadya komanso zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za IBS. Kenako mutha kuwonetsa izi kwa katswiri wa zakudya.

Kusintha kwa moyo

Kusintha zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku kungathandizenso. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi:

• Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 150 pa sabata. Izi zikutanthauza mphindi 30 patsiku, masiku 5 pa sabata. "Pakati" zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima wanu.
• Yesani njira zopumulira. Kuchita yoga tsiku lililonse, kusinkhasinkha, ndi njira zina zochepetsera kupsinjika maganizo kungathandize kukhazika mtima pansi mitsempha yogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso komanso "m'mimba yosakhazikika." Nthawi zina katswiri wothandiza anthu pa khalidwe labwino angathandizenso.
• Gonani mokwanira. Yesetsani kugona bwino kwa maola 7 mpaka 9 usiku uliwonse. Gonani nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse. Gonani bwino usiku ndi njira imodzi yamphamvu kwambiri yochepetsera nkhawa. Ngati mukuvutika kugona, pitani kwa dokotala.
• Lembani zochitika zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto lanu la IBS ndipo kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu.

Chithandizo

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBS amapindula akaonana ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Chithandizo chingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi nkhawa ndi mavuto omwe amachititsa IBS, monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo. Anthu ena amapeza mpumulo ndi njira izi:

• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la chidziwitso (CBT)
• Kuchiza ndi Hypnotherapy
• Kuyankha kwa Biofeedback

Mankhwala

Dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro monga:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo (ngati muli ndi ululu waukulu m'mimba pamodzi ndi kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa). Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala monga tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) ndi selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kudzimbidwa (kuphatikizapo zowonjezera ulusi ndi mankhwala otsekula m'mimba).
• Mankhwala okhuthala ndowe (oletsa kutsegula m'mimba).
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka m'mimba.

Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wokhudza momwe zimagwirira ntchito akadalipo, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kugwiritsa ntchito ma probiotics. "Mabakiteriya abwino" awa angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za IBS.

Palinso mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza IBS:

• Dicyclomine (Bentyl®)
• Hyoscyamine (Levsin®)
• Lubiprostone (Lubiprostone (Amitiza®))
• Linaclotide (Linaclotide (Linzess®))
• Plecanatide ((Plecanatide (Trulance®)))
• Rifaximin ((Rifaximin (Xifaxan®)))

Chofunika: Mankhwala onsewa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri. Musamwe mankhwala nokha.

Kodi IBS ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Ayi, palibe mankhwala a IBS. Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi zizindikiro zawo bwino popewa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kumwa mankhwala pakafunika kutero.

Kodi IBS ingayambitse matenda ena akuluakulu a m'mimba?

Ayi, kukhala ndi IBS sikukuikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa monga matenda a m'matumbo, matenda a Crohn, kapena khansa ya m'matumbo. Ichi ndi mantha aakulu kwa anthu ambiri, koma musadandaule kwambiri ndi izi.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi IBS nthawi zambiri amamva bwanji?

Kukhala ndi IBS kungakhale kovuta, chifukwa zizindikiro zimatha kubwera ndi kutha moyo wanu wonse. Kupeza chithandizo kungakhale njira yoyesera ndi kulakwitsa. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi IBS pamapeto pake angapeze chithandizo chomwe chingawathandize.

Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zimakula pakapita nthawi mwa kusintha zakudya zanu ndi zochita zanu. Mungafunike kuleza mtima pamene mukuzindikira ndikupewa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zizindikiro zanu sizingathe kutha konse. Komabe, muyenera kuwona kusintha kwakukulu momwe mumamvera mkati mwa milungu kapena miyezi ingapo.

Kodi ndingatani kuti ndipewe IBS?

Popeza chifukwa chenicheni cha IBS sichinadziwikebe, palibe njira yopewera kapena kuthetsera vutoli. Komabe, ngati muli ndi IBS, kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kungathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zanu.

Kodi ndi liti pamene kuli bwino kufunafuna uphungu kwa dokotala?

Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikupitirira kwa miyezi yoposa itatu, kapena ngati zikuipiraipira tsiku ndi tsiku, muyenera kuwonana ndi dokotala. Ngakhale zizindikiro zanu sizichitika kawirikawiri, ngati zikusokoneza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wa banja lanu (wopereka chithandizo chachikulu).

Zizindikiro zina zingasonyeze vuto lalikulu. Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa izi pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za IBS , pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga:

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za IBS, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo!

• Malungo
• Kusanza
• Kutuluka magazi m'thupi
• Kuchepetsa thupi kosamveka bwino
• Kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri moti kumakudzutsani usiku.
• Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba (makamaka kupweteka komwe sikutha pambuyo pochotsa matumbo kapena kutulutsa mpweya).

Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za IBS, funsani dokotala mafunso monga awa:

• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe angandithandize?
• Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe ndiyenera kupewa?
• Ndi kusintha kotani kwa moyo komwe ndiyenera kusintha?
• Kodi ndiyamba kumva bwino nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Zizindikiro za IBS, monga kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, ndi kudzimbidwa, zingakhale zosasangalatsa kwambiri ndipo zingasokoneze moyo wanu. Komabe, IBS ndi vuto lomwe lingathe kuthetsedwa.Mukhoza kusintha zizindikiro zanu mwa kusintha zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa komanso kusintha zizolowezi zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku kuti muthane ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Ngati muli ndi ululu wam'mimba nthawi zonse, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala. Pamodzi, mutha kupeza njira yothandizira IBS yomwe ingakuthandizeni. Musachite mantha, ndipo musavutike nokha!

IBS , kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, dongosolo la m'mimba, matenda am'mimba, kupsinjika maganizo ndi kupweteka m'mimba