Kodi mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiphunzire tsatanetsatane popanda mantha!

Mwina mwamvapo mawu oti 'chemotherapy' kapena 'chemotherapy', sichoncho? Mwina mwamvapo mnzanu kapena wachibale akulankhula za izi akamalandira chithandizo cha khansa. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kapena mantha mukamva mawu awa. Koma lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chemotherapy, zomwe zimachitika nayo, ndi zomwe muyenera kuopa kapena zomwe simuyenera kuopa, m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse. Kenako mudzatha kumvetsetsa bwino.

Kodi mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, chemotherapy ndi mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa. Amatchedwanso 'chemo' mwachidule. Awa ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri. Kunena zoona, 'chemo' amatanthauza mankhwala, ndipo 'therapy' amatanthauza chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Pali nthawi zina pamene mankhwala amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito okha. Koma nthawi zambiri, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a chemotherapy. Izi zimachitika kuti ziukire maselo a khansa kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana ndikuwononga kwathunthu. Zili ngati kuukira mdani kuchokera mbali zingapo osati imodzi yokha. Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala operekedwa kumadalira zinthu monga mtundu wa khansa komanso momwe yafalikira.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe khansa imakulira?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa pang'ono za maselo m'thupi lathu. Matupi athu amapangidwa ndi mabiliyoni ambiri a maselo ang'onoang'ono. Maselo amenewa amagawikana ndikuchulukana mofanana, ndipo maselo akale amafa.

Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi munda kunyumba. M'munda umenewo, pamodzi ndi maluwa okongola, mulinso udzu womwe ungawononge. Umu ndi momwe zimakhalira mkati mwa matupi athu. Khansa ndi pamene maselo ena m'thupi lathu amayamba kugawikana mosalamulirika komanso mwachangu kwambiri. Maselo ogawikana mosazolowerekawa amapanga zotupa. Si zotupa zonse zomwe ndi khansa, koma maselo a khansa amatha kulowa m'maselo ena athanzi ndikufalikira kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita ku ina (metastasis).

Kodi chemotherapy imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, 'Kodi mankhwala a chemo awa amazindikira bwanji ndikupha maselo a khansa okha?' Mankhwala a chemo makamaka amalimbana ndi maselo omwe akugawikana mwachangu kwambiri. Maselo a khansa ndi mtundu wa selo lomwe limagawikana mwachangu kwambiri. Choncho mankhwala a chemo amapeza maselo a khansa omwe amagawikana mwachangu ndikuwawononga, kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawikane kwambiri.

Koma pali china chake apa. M'matupi athu, muli maselo a khansa ndi maselo athanzi omwe amagawikana mofulumira. Mwachitsanzo:

• Maselo omwe ali pamizu ya tsitsi lathu (ma follicle a tsitsi)
• Maselo omwe ali mkati mwa pakamwa ndi m'matumbo
• Maselo a magazi opangidwa m'mafupa

Mankhwala a chemotherapy amathanso kuvulaza maselo athanzi, omwe amagawanitsa mofulumira, chifukwa amasakanikirana ndi maselo a khansa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chemotherapy imayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Tidzakambirana za izi mtsogolo.

Kodi chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika ziti?

Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

• Kuchiritsa: Mitundu ina ya khansa imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu pogwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy yokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena (monga opaleshoni ndi chithandizo cha radiation).
• Lamulirani khansa: Ngati khansayo singathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu, mankhwala a chemotherapy angathandize kuti isafalikire kwambiri, kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho ndikuletsa matendawa. Izi zimathandiza wodwalayo kukhala ndi moyo wautali.
• Chisamaliro Chochepetsa Kupweteka: Khansa ikafalikira ndipo imakhala yovuta kuchiza, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka ndi kupuma movutikira, komanso kuti moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ukhale wosavuta pang'ono. Izi zimatchedwa chisamaliro chochepetsa kupsinjika .
• Musanachite opaleshoni (Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy): Nthawi zina chemotherapy imaperekedwa chotupa cha khansa chisanachotsedwe opaleshoni kuti chichepetsedwe. Izi zimapangitsa opaleshoni kukhala yosavuta komanso yopambana. Izi zimatchedwa neoadjuvant chemotherapy .
• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni (Adjuvant Chemotherapy): Pambuyo pochotsa chotupa cha khansa kudzera mu opaleshoni, chemotherapy imaperekedwanso kuti iwononge maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe angakhalebe m'thupi, omwe sitingathe kuwaona. Izi zimachitika kuti tichepetse chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa. Izi zimatchedwa adjuvant chemotherapy .

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti dokotala wanu aone momwe matenda anu alili ndi kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira.

Kodi pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy? N’chifukwa chiyani mtundu uliwonse umagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Inde, pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy. Mankhwala aliwonse amagwira ntchito mosiyana. Mankhwala ena amaletsa maselo a khansa kugawikana, pomwe ena amawononga DNA ya maselo a khansa ndikuwapha.

Madokotala amasankha mtundu (kapena kuphatikiza) kwa mankhwala a chemotherapy kuti akupatseni kutengera zinthu zingapo:

• Mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo: Mankhwala operekedwa a khansa ya m'mawere si ofanana ndi mankhwala operekedwa a khansa ya m'mapapo.
• Gawo la khansa: Izi zikutanthauza momwe khansa yafalikira komanso kukula kwake.
• Thanzi lanu lonse: Zinthu monga msinkhu wanu komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena aliwonse.
• Kaya mudalandirapo chithandizo cha khansa kale.

Kawirikawiri, mankhwala ophatikizana a chemotherapy ndi abwino kuposa mankhwala ophatikizana a chemotherapy a mankhwala amodzi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwala aliwonse amaukira maselo a khansa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a khansa asathawe kuukirako. Komanso, maselo a khansa amatha kukhala osagonja ku mankhwala ena. Kupereka mankhwala ambiri pamodzi kungachepetse chiopsezo chimenecho.

Kodi chemotherapy imaperekedwa bwanji m'thupi?

Pali njira zingapo zoperekera mankhwala a chemotherapy, kutengera mtundu wa khansa, komwe ili, ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito.

• Kuthira m'mitsempha (IV): Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Monga kupereka saline, chubu chaching'ono (cannula) chimalowetsedwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja kapena kwina kulikonse, ndipo mankhwalawo amalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono m'thupi kudzera mu mtsemphawo. Nthawi zina, kuti munthu alandire chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali, chipangizo chaching'ono (port) chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu la pachifuwa ndipo mankhwalawo amaperekedwa kudzera mu mtsemphawo.
• Kumwa: Mankhwala ena a chemotherapy amatha kumwedwa kunyumba ngati mapiritsi. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwalawa panthawi yoyenera komanso mu mlingo woyenera monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
• Monga jakisoni: Mankhwala ena amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni, kaya pansi pa khungu kapena pakhungu.
• Intrathecal: Pochiza khansa yomwe yafalikira ku ubongo kapena msana , nthawi zina mankhwala amabayidwa mu ngalande ya msana.
• M'mabowo a thupi (Intracavitary): Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala amatha kubayidwa mwachindunji m'mimba (Intraperitoneal) kapena m'mabowo a pleural omwe amaphimba mapapo (Intrapleural).
• Kirimu kapena lotion ya pakhungu: Pa mitundu ina ya khansa ya pakhungu, kirimu yokhala ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy imapakidwa pakhungu. Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala a chemo zimachitika? Kodi ndi ziti?

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimawopseza anthu ambiri akamalankhula za mankhwala a chemotherapy. Monga tanenera kale, mankhwala a chemotherapy amalimbana ndi maselo ogawa mofulumira. Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza maselo a khansa, mankhwalawa amakhudza maselo athanzi, omwe amagawa mofulumira m'thupi lathu. Ndicho chifukwa chake zotsatirapo zake zimachitika.

Koma kumbukirani izi:

• Si aliyense amene amalandira zotsatirapo zake zonse.
• Kuopsa kwa zotsatirapo zake kumasiyana malinga ndi munthu.
• Zotsatirapo zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa ndipo zimatha chithandizo chikatha.
• Pali mankhwala ambiri abwino oletsa zotsatirapo zake.

Nazi zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri:

• Kutaya tsitsi: Izi ndi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe anthu ambiri amazidziwa. Komabe, si mankhwala onse a chemo omwe amachititsa kuti tsitsi litayike. Ngakhale mutataya tsitsi, lidzakulanso bwino chithandizo chikatha.
• Kusanza ndi Kusanza: Izi ndizofalanso. Koma tsopano pali mankhwala abwino kwambiri oletsa izi. Dokotala adzakupatsani izi pasadakhale.
• Zilonda pakamwa: Zilonda zazing'ono zingawonekere m'kamwa ndi pakhosi.
• Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kusintha kwa kukoma.
• Kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa.
• Kutopa: Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nacho. Ndikofunikira kupuma mokwanira.
• Kuchepa kwa maselo a magazi:
• Maselo oyera otsika m'magazi (Neutropenia): Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga malungo ndi kuzizira, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi (Anemia): Izi zingayambitse kutopa, kufooka, komanso khungu loyera.
• Thrombocytopenia: Izi zingayambitse kutuluka magazi ndi mabala.
• Kusintha kwa khungu: Khungu likhoza kuuma, kuyabwa, komanso kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
• Kusintha kwa misomali: Misomali imatha kusintha mtundu wake ndikusweka.

Izi zingakuwopsyezeni pang'ono. Komabe, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakuphunzitsani za zotsatirapo zonsezi ndikukuthandizani kuzithetsa. Musaope kuwauza za kusasangalala kulikonse komwe mukumva.

Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani musanayambe komanso musanayambe chemotherapy?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanayambe, panthawi, komanso mutatha kulandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy.

• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu: Funsani dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zomwe muli nazo. Fotokozani chilichonse, kuphatikizapo dongosolo la chithandizo, zotsatirapo zake, ndi zomwe mungachite nazo.
• Pezani mayeso ofunikira: Musanayambe mankhwala a chemo, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti muyesedwe magazi ndi X-ray. Izi zidzayang'ana momwe thupi lanu likumvera ndi mankhwalawo.
• Pangani njira yothandizira: Thandizo ndi chikondi cha banja, abwenzi, ndi okondedwa n'zofunika kwambiri panthawiyi. Ndi mphamvu yaikulu kukhala ndi munthu woti akuthandizeni.
• Konzekerani tsiku la chithandizo chanu: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a m'mitsempha, zingatenge maola angapo. Bweretsani china chake kuti muwerenge kapena kumvetsera panthawiyo. Valani zovala zabwino.
• Tsatirani malangizo a zachipatala molondola: Tsatirani malangizo operekedwa okhudza nthawi ya mankhwala ndi chakudya chomwe mukudya.
• Dziwani zotsatirapo zake: Ngati muwona zizindikiro zatsopano kapena china chilichonse chachilendo, uzani dokotala wanu kapena namwino nthawi yomweyo.
• Pumulani mokwanira, idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, ndipo khalani aukhondo: zinthu izi zidzapatsa thupi lanu mphamvu zothana ndi chithandizo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo poti chemotherapy yatha?

Mukamaliza kulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy, zimatenga nthawi kuti thupi lanu libwererenso mwakale. Zotsatira zake zidzachepa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati tsitsi lanu latayika kale, lidzayamba kukula bwino.

Koma, madokotala sakuiwalani chifukwa chakuti chithandizo chatha.

• Kukumana ndi dokotala wotsatira: Muyenera kupitiliza kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu ndikuyesedwa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuona ngati khansa yabwerera kapena ngati pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Kuchira:Nthawi iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakuchira mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo. Muthanso kupempha uphungu ngati pakufunika kutero.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira zokhudza chemotherapy?

Mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri komanso amphamvu a khansa. Kudziwa izi kudzakuthandizani kupirira ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ayenera kulandira chithandizochi.

• Chemotherapy ndi mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala omwe amawononga maselo a khansa.
• Imagwira ntchito polimbana ndi maselo omwe amagawikana mofulumira, kotero imatha kukhudza maselo a khansa komanso maselo ena athanzi.
• Zotsatirapo zake zingachitike, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa komanso zotha kuthetsedwa. Musadandaule.
• Madokotala amasankha njira yochizira chemotherapy yomwe imagwirizana bwino ndi wodwala aliyense.
• Musaope kufunsa gulu lachipatala mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Ali pano kuti akuthandizeni.
• Thandizo la achibale ndi abwenzi ndi lofunika kwambiri paulendowu. Simuli nokha.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala a chemotherapy chingakhale chovuta, koma ndi chidziwitso choyenera, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi mphamvu ya okondedwa, vutoli lingathe kuthetsedwa.

` chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chithandizo cha khansa, zotsatirapo zake, nkhani yachipatala ya Sinhala