Kodi mwaonapo kuti nthawi zina mwana wanu amachita zinthu mosiyana pang'ono ndi ana ena? Mwina safuna kupeza mabwenzi atsopano, kapena mwina amavutika kumvetsa nkhope za anthu ena. Kapena mwina amalankhula za chidole chomwecho kapena nkhani yomweyi (monga ma dinosaur, sitima, masewera apakompyuta) mwachidwi komanso mosalekeza. Monga kholo, ndi zachilendo kuti mumve mantha pang'ono, nkhawa, komanso kusokonezeka mukaona zinthuzi. "N'chifukwa chiyani mwana wanga yekha ndiye amene ali wotere?" Mwina mukudabwa. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za matenda otchedwa Asperger's Syndrome , omwe angasonyeze zizindikiro izi, koma anthu ambiri sadziwa za izi.
Kodi matenda a Asperger ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, Asperger's Syndrome ndi matenda omwe amagwera m'gulu lalikulu la matenda a autism spectrum . Malinga ndi zamankhwala, timatcha Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Ngakhale kuti Asperger's kale inkaonedwa ngati matenda osiyana, kuyambira 2013 yakhala ikugawidwanso m'gulu lalikulu la ASD.
Imatchedwa "spectrum" pa chifukwa. Ganizirani za utawaleza. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma simungathe kudziwa komwe mtundu umodzi umathera ndi wina umayambira, eti? Zomwezo ndi zoona ndi za ASD. Si aliyense amene ali ndi vutoli amene ali ofanana. Anthu ena ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri, pomwe ena ali ndi zizindikiro zochulukirapo.
Koma chinthu chapadera pa Asperger's ndichakuti ndi mtundu wochepa wa ASD spectrum. Ana awa nthawi zambiri sawonetsa kuchedwa kulikonse mu chilankhulo kapena luso la nzeru. Ndipotu, nthawi zina luntha lawo limatha kukhala lokwera kuposa lapakati. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu ena amawona mwana uyu ngati mwana wamba yemwe amachita zinthu mosiyana pang'ono ( Neurotypical child).
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikiro izi, chifukwa tikatero tingathe kupatsa mwana thandizo ndi chithandizo chomwe akufunikira mwachangu.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Asperger ndi ziti?
Matenda a Asperger amaonekera mosiyana mwa munthu aliyense. Koma pali makhalidwe ena ofanana. Ana omwe ali ndi vutoli ali ndi luso lapadera pazinthu zina, ndipo amakumananso ndi mavuto pazinthu zina. Tiyeni tiwone zonse ziwiri.
| Maluso Apadera ndi Mphamvu (Katundu Womwe Angakhalepo) | Mavuto ndi Zovuta Zomwe Zingakhalepo |
|---|---|
| Luso lodabwitsa loganizira chinthu chimodzi ndi kupirira. | Kusamva kuwala kwambiri, phokoso lalikulu, kukoma ndi fungo linalake. |
| Kukhala ndi luso labwino kwambiri pozindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapangidwe. | Kuvuta kumvetsetsa ndi kutsatira kayendedwe ka zokambirana. |
| Kusamala kwambiri ngakhale pang'ono pa nkhani. | Kuvuta kumvetsetsa luso lolankhulana popanda mawu monga manja ndi nkhope. |
| Kukhala ndi chidziwitso chakuya komanso kukumbukira nkhani inayake yofunika. | Kuyang'ana maso kumakhala kochepa kapena kumakhala kosasangalatsa polankhula. |
| Kawirikawiri ndi woona mtima komanso wolunjika . | Kuchedwa pang'ono kapena kusachita bwino kwa luso la magalimoto. |
| Kufunitsitsa kugwira ntchito motsatira ndondomeko ndi malamulo okhazikika . | Pali mwayi waukulu wokumana ndi mavuto monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo. |
Zokonda zapadera ndi zizolowezi
Ana awa akhoza kukhala ndi chidwi chapadera pa nkhani imodzi, monga malo, mbiri, kapena masewera apakanema. Amakambirana za izi kwa maola ambiri. Amakondanso kukhala osamala kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa zochita zawo.Sakonda kusintha machitidwe awo. Amakonda kupita kusukulu mofanana tsiku lililonse, kudya chakudya chomwecho, komanso kugwira ntchito nthawi imodzi. Machitidwe amenewa amawaona ngati otetezeka kwa iwo. Amatha kukhumudwa kwambiri akasintha.
Kodi ndingapeze bwanji chithandizo ndi chithandizo pa izi?
Ngati mukukayikira pang'ono kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikirozi, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndi kusachita mantha ndikulankhula ndi katswiri za izi.
Kuzindikira vutoli msanga n'kofunika kwambiri pa tsogolo la mwana. Ana omwe amalandira chithandizo chofunikira ali aang'ono amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopambana kusukulu komanso mtsogolo monga ophunzira odziyimira pawokha.
Mukapita kwa dokotala wa banja lanu (GP), adzakutumizirani kwa katswiri, monga dokotala wa ana, dokotala wa matenda amisala, kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo .
Popeza mwana aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a Asperger ndi wosiyana, dongosolo la chithandizo limasiyana malinga ndi mwana. Chithandizocho chimapangidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi zosowa za mwanayo. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:
- Maphunziro a luso la anthu: Maphunziro a momwe mungalankhulire ndi ena, kupeza mabwenzi, komanso kugwira ntchito limodzi.
- Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Izi zimakuthandizani kuphunzira momwe mungathanirane ndi malingaliro monga nkhawa ndi kukhumudwa komanso kuthana ndi zovuta.
- Maphunziro a makolo: Makolo amatsogoleredwa momwe angamvetsetsere bwino ndikuthandiza mwana wawo.
- Kulankhula ndi kuchiza chinenero: Kumathandiza kukonza zinthu monga kukambirana kwa anthu awiri.
- Chithandizo cha Occupational Therapy: Chimathandiza kuthana ndi zinthu monga kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina komanso kupangitsa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala zosavuta.
- Mankhwala: Nthawi zina, dokotala angapereke mankhwala oletsa matenda ena okhudzana ndi matendawa, monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo.
Malangizo pang'ono kwa makolo
Kusamalira mwana ngati uyu nthawi zina kungakhale kovuta. Kumafuna kuleza mtima kwambiri, chikondi, maphunziro, ndi kumvetsetsa. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni:
- Musabise mwana wanu kwa anthu kapena kumuteteza mopitirira muyeso. Muloleni akumane ndi mavuto pagulu. Adzalakwitsa ndipo sadzamva bwino, koma adzaphunzirapo kanthu.
- Yamikirani luso lawo, zinthu zomwe amakonda, nthabwala zawo, ndi mphamvu zawo. Kondwererani makhalidwe awo omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi ena ndipo muwapangitse kukhala apadera.
- M'malo molanga nthawi yomweyo vuto likabuka, yesetsani kuthetsa vutoli. Yesetsani kumvetsa chifukwa chake mwanayo wakwiya.
- Perekani ndemanga zabwino nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke. Akachita chinthu chabwino kapena achita bwino, muuzeni. Izi zidzamupatsa mphamvu zambiri kuti achitenso zinthu zimenezo.
- Gwirani ntchito ndi mwana wanu kuti akulitse luso lake lolankhulana. Muphunzitseni zinthu monga momwe angalankhulire komanso momwe angamvetsetsere zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito manja (kulankhulana popanda mawu) m'njira yosavuta komanso yachikondi.
Ulendo uwu si ulendo womwe muyenera kudutsamo nokha. Pali anthu omwe angakuthandizeni ndikukuthandizani. Mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikupeza zambiri zokhudza magulu othandizira makolo kapena zinthu zina zomwe zikupezeka ku Sri Lanka. Kudziwa bwino za matendawa ndiye mphamvu yayikulu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Asperger ndi mtundu wochepa wa matenda a autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Si chilema cha m'maganizo kapena matenda amisala.
- Makhalidwe akuluakulu ndi mavuto mu ubale ndi anthu komanso chidwi chachikulu pa nkhani inayake.
- Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala popanda mantha. Kuzindikira msanga kumabweretsa mwayi wabwino woti mwana wanu apambane.
- Chithandizo ndi ntchito ya gulu yomwe imaphatikiza maphunziro a luso la anthu, chithandizo chamaganizo (CBT), ndi chithandizo cha makolo.
- Yamikirani kusiyana kwa mwana wanu ndi luso lake lapadera. Muthandizeni moleza mtima, mwachikondi, komanso momvetsetsa.
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