Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza matenda a Legionnaires! Tiyeni tikambirane!

Kodi mudamvapo za matenda a Legionnaires? Dzinalo lingamveke lachilendo pang'ono, eti? Koma kwenikweni ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mapapo athu, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukhala oopsa kwambiri. Amayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya. Lero, tikambirana za matenda a Legionnaires m'njira yosavuta kumva.

Kodi Matenda a Legionnaires ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a Legionnaires ndi matenda oopsa a m'mapapo mwathu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wa bakiteriya wotchedwa `(Legionella)`. Ndi ofanana ndi chibayo. Amatha kukhudza osati mapapo athu okha, komanso nthawi zina ubongo wathu komanso njira yathu yopezera chakudya.

Palinso malungo ena ofooka omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwewo, otchedwa Pontiac fever. Siwoopsa ngati matenda a Legionnaires, ndipo amayambitsa zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine wamba, monga malungo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi. Komabe, matenda a Legionnaires akhoza kukhala oopsa, choncho ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chibayo ndi matenda a Legionnaires?

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Ndiye chibayo ndi matenda a Legionnaires ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana?" Inde, ndi zoona. Chibayo ndi dzina lofala la matenda a m'mapapo. Matenda a Legionnaires ndi mtundu wofanana wa chibayo, koma makamaka amapezeka pamene bakiteriya wotchedwa `(Legionella)` alowa m'mapapo.

Anthu ambiri omwe amatenga matendawa ndipo agonekedwa m'chipatala amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi ndi chifuwa. Komabe, ena amathanso kukumana ndi zizindikiro zina monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi chisokonezo (kutaya chidziwitso).

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a Legionnaires?

Ndipotu, si aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka `(Legionella)` amene adzadwala matendawa. Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matendawa. Onani ngati izi zikukukhudzani:

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 50.
• Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, kapena munasuta kale.
• Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chafooka, matenda ena (monga matenda a HIV, matenda a shuga, khansa, matenda a impso kapena chiwindi) ndi mankhwala ena angathandizenso kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma kwa nthawi yayitali, monga COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) kapena Emphysema.
• Ngati mukukhala m'malo osamalira okalamba kwa nthawi yayitali, monga malo osungira okalamba.
• Ngati mwangopita kuchipatala posachedwapa.
• Ngati mwangochitidwa opaleshoni posachedwapa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu.
• Ngati mwangosinthidwa chiwalo posachedwapa.

Anthu awa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Legionnaires kuposa ena.

Kodi matenda a Legionnaires ndi ofala bwanji?

M'dziko ngati America, anthu pafupifupi 18,000 amagonekedwa m'chipatala chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha matendawa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala. Zochitika zofananazi zitha kunenedwanso ku Sri Lanka, kotero ndi bwino kudziwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Legionnaires ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za Legionella zimayamba kuonekera mkati mwa masiku awiri mpaka khumi ndi anayi kuchokera pamene kachilomboka kakufalikira. Zizindikiro zofanana ndi chibayo ndi zomwe zimayamba kuonekera. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mitsempha (ubongo) ndi m'mimba (matumbo) zimathanso kuchitika.

Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zizindikiro zazikulu:

• Malungo (nthawi zambiri amapitirira madigiri Celsius 40 (104⁰ F/40⁰ C))
• Chifuwa (nthawi zambiri chifuwa chouma)
• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Mutu
• Kumva kudwala (nseru)
• Kusokonezeka (kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka)
• Kutsokomola magazi (Hemoptysis)
• Kupweteka m'mimba

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi kapena zingapo, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Legionnaires?

Monga tanenera kale, chifukwa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa `(Legionella)`. Ngakhale kuti pali mitundu pafupifupi 60 ya mabakiteriya otchedwa `(Legionella)`, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda a Legionnaires ndi `(Legionella pneumophila). Matendawa amapezeka pamene mabakiteriyawa alowa m'mapapu mwathu ndipo amayambitsa matenda.

Bakiteriya iyi ya `(Legionella)` imakhala mwachibadwa m'nyanja, mitsinje, ndi dothi. Komabe, nthawi zambiri imafalikira kwa anthu kudzera m'malo monga makina amadzi ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya m'nyumba zazikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati makina awa m'mahotela, zipatala, ndi maofesi akuluakulu sasamalidwa bwino, mabakiteriyawa amatha kukula ndikutulutsidwa mumlengalenga ngati madontho amadzi. Tikapuma madontho amadzi amenewo, amatha kupita mwachindunji m'mapapu athu. Kapena, madzi oipitsidwa mkamwa mwathu amatha "kukwera pakhosi" ndi m'mapapu athu (izi zimatchedwa `(aspiration)`).

Kodi matenda a Legionnaires amafalikira bwanji kwa ife?

Matendawa amafalikira makamaka popuma madontho ang'onoang'ono a madzi (madzi oyeretsedwa kapena nkhungu) omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Legionella. Kapena, popuma madzi oipitsidwa mwachindunji m'mapapo (aspiration).

Kufalikira kwa matenda a Legionnaires kwanenedwa m'malo monga mahotela, zipatala, malo osungira okalamba, ndi sitima zapamadzi. Komabe, nthawi zambiri izi zimanenedwa ngati zochitika zapadera.

Pali malo angapo kumene matendawa amatha kufalikira:

• Mabafa otentha ndi ma jacuzzi
• Shawa (shawa m'bafa)
• Pompo yamadzi
• Zofewetsa chinyezi
• Madzi okongoletsera monga akasupe
• Makina otenthetsera ndi oziziritsira m'nyumba zazikulu
• Kutsegula m'mimba panthawi ya opaleshoni
• Dothi (makamaka lochokera ku fumbi lopuma pamalo omanga)

Chofunika: Matenda a Legionnaires safalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si matenda opatsirana. Mumapeza matendawa pokhapokha mutatenga mabakiteriya kuchokera ku chilengedwe.

Kodi matenda a Legionnaires amawapeza bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Legionnaires, mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakufunsani kaye za zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu ya thanzi, ndi mbiri iliyonse ya ulendo wanu waposachedwa. Kenako adzakuyezani thupi.

Mayeso otsatirawa angachitike kuti atsimikizire matendawa:

• Kuyesa mkodzo kapena ma sputum: Awa ndi mayeso ofala kwambiri. Amafufuza mabakiteriya a Legionella mu chitsanzo cha mkodzo wanu kapena chitsanzo cha ma sputum omwe amatuluka mu chifuwa chanu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Chitsanzo cha magazi anu chingatengedwe kuti muwone ngati pali ma antibodies kapena zigawo za mabakiteriya omwe thupi lanu lapanga motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya a Legionella. Izi zingathandizenso kuwona momwe ziwalo zina zanu zikugwira ntchito.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa kapena CT scan: Zithunzi izi zingathandize kuwona ngati pali matenda m'mapapu anu, monga chibayo.
• Bronchoscopy: Nthawi zina, dokotala angafunike kuyika chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera m'mapapo. Izi zimathandiza dokotalayo kufufuza mwachindunji mkati mwa mapapo ndikutenga zitsanzo kuti akayesedwe.
• Thoracentesis: Ngati pali madzi ozungulira mapapo, chitsanzo cha madziwo chikhoza kutengedwa ndikuyesedwa ngati pali mabakiteriya a Legionella.

Mayeso awa ndi njira yokhayo yodziwira molondola ngati muli ndi matenda a Legionnaires kapena ayi.

Kodi matenda a Legionnaires amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Matenda a Legionnaires amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki . Maantibayotiki amenewa angapatsidwe ngati jakisoni mu mtsempha (IV) kapena ngati mapiritsi, kutengera kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Ngati mukuvutika kupuma, mungafunike kupatsidwa mpweya. Chithandizo cha vutoli nthawi zambiri chimafuna kukhala kuchipatala.

Mitundu ina yayikulu ya maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ndi:

• Azithromycin
• Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin kapena Ciprofloxacin
• Tetracycline, doxycycline , kapena minocycline
• Rifampin (yoperekedwa pamodzi ndi maantibayotiki ena)

Nthawi zina zikavuta kwambiri, ngati simungathe kupuma nokha, mungafunike kupatsidwa thandizo la kupuma pogwiritsa ntchito makina (mechanical ventilation).

Kodi tingatani kuti tidziteteze ku matenda a Legionnaires?

Pali zinthu zomwe ife, ndi oyang'anira nyumba, tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi.

• Oyang'anira nyumba zazikulu: Ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino ndikuchotsa mankhwala m'mabotolo a mapaipi, zoziziritsira mpweya, ndi zoziziritsira m'nyumba mwanu. Izi zingathandize kuwongolera kukula kwa mabakiteriya a Legionella.
• Zinthu zomwe tingachite kunyumba:
• Tsukani zinthu monga mitu ya shawa, mipope, mabafa otentha, ndi zinthu zotenthetsera madzi nthawi zonse.
• Musagwiritse ntchito madzi wamba m'malo mwa madzi opukuta galasi lakutsogolo m'galimoto yanu, chifukwa mabakiteriyawa amathanso kukula m'thanki lamadzi.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati mutadwala matenda a Legionnaires?

Matenda a Legionnaires angakupangitseni kudwala kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kumafunika chithandizo cha kuchipatala. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki.

Muyenera kumwa mankhwala ngakhale mutabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala mpaka matendawa atatheratu. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro izi kwa miyezi ingapo atachira:

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa)
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kulinganiza bwino kapena kugwirizana
• Kuyenda movutikira
• Kulankhula kosokonezeka
• Kupweteka kwa minofu

Ngati zizindikiro ngati izi zikupitirira, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.

Mavuto a matenda a Legionnaires

Nthawi zina, matenda a Legionnaires angayambitse mavuto aakulu. Izi zingakhudze ziwalo ndi minofu yathu.

• Kulephera kupuma: Pamene mapapo sangathe kupereka mpweya wokwanira m'magazi, amatchedwa kulephera kupuma. Pankhaniyi, kupuma kumaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina (makina opumira).
• Kuvulala kwa impso (AKI): Impso zikasiya kugwira ntchito, sizingathe kusefa zinyalala kuchokera m'magazi. Izi zimachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala kapena makina oyeretsera magazi (dialysis).
• Matenda a ubongo (Encephalopathy): Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi dongosolo la mitsempha (kusokonezeka, mavuto olinganiza bwino, kuvutika kulankhula) zitha kukulirakulira.
• Empyema: Mphuno yodzaza mafinya m'malo ozungulira mapapo. Izi zingafunike chubu cha pachifuwa kuti mutulutse mafinya.
• Kutupa kwa mtima wanu: Matenda a bakiteriya a mtima angayambitse kutupa. Nthawi zina izi zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala.
• Rhabdomyolysis: Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi kusweka. Izi zimachiritsidwa pochotsa poizoni m'thupi.

Mavuto amenewa sachitika kwa aliyense, koma ngati matendawa afika poipa kwambiri, zinthuzi zimatha kuchitika, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi mungapulumuke matenda a Legionnaires?

Ngakhale matenda a Legionnaires ndi matenda oopsa, anthu ambiri amachira. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, chiwerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Legionella chili pakati pa 5% ndi 10%. Komabe, ngati sanalandire chithandizo, chiopsezo cha imfa chikhoza kufika pa 30% mpaka 80%. Chifukwa chake, kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala zizindikiro zikangoyamba kuonekera kungapulumutse moyo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Legionnaires (monga malungo, chifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi chisokonezo chomwe takambirana kale), pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Komanso, ngati mwamva za kufalikira kwa matenda a Legionnaires komwe mumagwira ntchito kapena kukhala, funsani dokotala wanu njira zodzitetezera zomwe muyenera kutsatira.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati muli ndi malungo aakulu, mukuvutika kupuma kwambiri, mukutsokomola magazi, kapena zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi dongosolo la mitsempha (mavuto olinganiza bwino, kulankhula movutikira, kusokonezeka), pitani kuchipatala chapafupi mwamsanga.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a Legionnaires, mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?
• Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zatsopano kapena zomwe zikupitirira zomwe ndiyenera kuda nkhawa nazo?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, matenda a Legionnaires, omwe takambirana lero, ndi matenda omwe tiyenera kuwadera nkhawa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukhala oopsa. Koma chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ndi matenda ochiritsika komanso ochiritsika .

Kumbukirani:

* Ngati mukumva zizindikiro za matendawa, musataye nthawi ndipo funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

* Samalani kwambiri ndi izi ngati muli m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo (monga azaka zopitilira 50, osuta fodya, kapena munthu amene chitetezo chamthupi chake chili chofooka).

* Kusamalira bwino madzi otizungulira, makamaka omwe ali m'nyumba zazikulu ndi m'mahotela, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti matendawa asafalikire.

* Sungani zinthu monga mipope ndi mitu ya shawa mwaukhondo kunyumba.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Matenda a Legionnaires , Chibayo, Legionella, Matenda a M'mapapo, Mabakiteriya, Kuvuta Kupuma, Maantibayotiki