Kodi thupi lanu lakhala lokhazikika, koma maganizo anu ali omasuka? Tiyeni tikambirane za Locked-in Syndrome (LiS)

Tangoganizirani kukhala wokhoza kumvetsetsa ndikumva chilichonse chomwe mukufuna, koma osatha kulankhula kapena kusuntha thupi lanu ... ngati kuti mwatsekeredwa m'thupi lanu. Kodi sizikumveka ngati wopanda thandizo kuganiza za izi? Umenewo ndi mtundu wa vuto la mitsempha lomwe tikambirane lero. Izi zimatchedwa Locked-in Syndrome, kapena `(LiS)` mwachidule.

Kodi Locked-in Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, locked-in syndrome ndi matenda osowa kwambiri a mitsempha omwe minofu yanu yonse yodzifunira, kupatula minofu yomwe imalamulira mayendedwe a maso anu, imakhala yosagwira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuchita chilichonse chomwe mukufuna, monga kusuntha manja kapena miyendo yanu, kulankhula, kapena kuwonetsa malingaliro anu ndi nkhope yanu.

Koma chodabwitsa n’chakuti, munthu amene ali mu mkhalidwe umenewu ali ndi mphamvu zonse zomvera, nzeru, ndi kukumbukira bwino. Amatha kumva ndi kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo. Koma alibe njira yochitirapo kanthu. Zili ngati munthu amene wagwidwa m’thupi lake, wosakhoza kulankhula kapena kusuntha.

Anthu amenewa nthawi zambiri amalankhulana poyendetsa maso awo mmwamba ndi pansi, kapena kuphethira, zomwe angathe kuzilamulira. Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zothandizira pa izi.

Chifukwa chachikulu cha vutoli ndi kuwonongeka kwa gawo linalake la ubongo wathu lotchedwa pons. Tidzakambirana za izi mwatsatanetsatane mtsogolo.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda otsekeredwa mkati (LiS) ndi iti?

Mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya matenda otsekeredwa (LiS) yapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Mawonekedwe akale

Imeneyi ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, thupi lonse silikuyenda bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangathe kuchita chilichonse mwakufuna kwawo. Komabe, amatha kusuntha maso awo mmwamba ndi pansi ndikuphethira. Komanso, chikumbumtima chawo ndi nzeru zawo zimakhalabe zachibadwa. Amatha kumva zinthu zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo bwino kwambiri.

2. Fomu yosakwanira

Izi ndi zofanana ndi za mtundu wakale. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale thupi lonse litakhala lopanda moyo, maso amatha kusuntha mmwamba ndi pansi, kuphethira. Komabe, pankhaniyi, nthawi zina pangakhale kuyenda ndi kumva kwina m'mbali zina za thupi. Ndiko kusiyana kochepa apa.

3. Njira Yosayenda Yonse

Uwu ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri komanso wosowa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, thupi lonse limafooka kwathunthu, ndipo mphamvu yosuntha maso imatayika. Koma, modabwitsa, anthuwa alinso ndi kuganiza bwino komanso nzeru. Madokotala amatsimikizira izi poyesa ntchito ya cerebral cortex (ntchito ya cortical) pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso monga ``electroencephalogram - EEG)``, yomwe imayesa mafunde a ubongo.

Ndani angadwale matenda otsekeredwa mkati (LiS)?

Ndipotu, vutoli lotchedwa locked-in syndrome (LiS) limatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ndilofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 50 .

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a Locked-in (LiS) ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Popeza nthawi zina amaonedwa molakwika kapena amaganiziridwa molakwika kuti ndi matenda, n'zovuta kwa ofufuza kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amavomerezedwa kuti ndi osowa kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za locked-in syndrome (LiS) ndi ziti?

Zotsatira zake pa thupi zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera mtundu wa locked-in syndrome (LiS) yomwe muli nayo.

Nthawi zambiri, mukaona munthu amene ali ndi vuto la locked-in syndrome koyamba, mumaganiza kuti ali ndi chikumbumtima, kapena kuti ali mu coma. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti sangathe kuyankha mwanjira iliyonse. Kenako mumazindikira kuti ali ndi chikumbumtima.

Zinthu zomwe anthu ambiri sangathe kuchita:

• Kutafuna chakudya
• Kumeza
• Kulankhula
• Mawonekedwe a nkhope (monga kumwetulira, kumva chisoni)
• Palibe kuyenda kwa thupi pansi pa maso

Zinthu zomwe anthu ambiri angachite (m'njira yakale komanso yopanda ungwiro):

• Mukhoza kusuntha maso anu mmwamba ndi pansi (koma osati mbali imodzi, ndiko kuti, mopingasa).
• Mukhoza kutsonya maso.

Zinthu zomwe aliyense (m'njira zonse) angachite:

• Ndimamva zinthu zikuchitika mozungulira ine, anthu akulankhula.
• Mukhoza kumvetsetsa pamene wina akulankhula kapena kuwerenga chinachake.
• Mukhoza kuganiza ndi kulingalira monga momwe munachitira zinthu zisanachitike.
• Kugona ndi kudzuka nthawi zonse n'kwachibadwa.

Kodi mumamva ululu ndi locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Izi zimadaliranso mtundu wa Locked-In Syndrome (LiS) yomwe muli nayo.

• Munthu amene sangathe kuyenda bwino samva kupweteka chifukwa thupi lake lonse silingathe kuyenda bwino.
• Munthu amene ali ndi mawonekedwe osakwanira akhoza kumva ululu ndi zina zomwe zimamuchitikira m'thupi.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda otsekeredwa mkati (LiS)?

Monga tanenera kale, chifukwa chachikulu cha locked-in syndrome (LiS) ndi kuwonongeka kwa gawo linalake la ubongo wathu lotchedwa pons.

Kuwonongeka kwa gawo la ubongo la pons

Ma pons ndi ulusi wa mitsempha wooneka ngati chipewa cha akavalo. Ali pakati pa medulla oblongata, gawo lotsika kwambiri la ubongo, ndi cerebellum, yomwe imayang'anira mayendedwe a thupi lathu, makamaka kulinganiza bwino.

Pons ndi gawo la ubongo lotchedwa cerebrum, lomwe lili ndi njira zambiri zofunika kwambiri za mitsempha zomwe zimalumikiza ubongo wathu, chingwe cha msana, ndi cerebellum. Mu locked-in syndrome, pons ikawonongeka, zizindikiro zonse za mitsempha kuchokera ku ubongo kupita ku minofu m'thupi zimatsekedwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake thupi lonse limafooka. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kumakhudzanso malo omwe ali mu tsinde la ubongo omwe amalamulira mawonekedwe a nkhope ndi mawu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sitingathe kufotokoza zakukhosi ndi nkhope zathu, kutafuna chakudya, kumeza, kapena kulankhula.

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha kuwonongeka kwa pons ndi sitiroko ya ischemic kapena sitiroko ya hemorrhagic, yomwe imakhudza njira za corticospinal, corticopontine, ndi corticobulbar mu ubongo.

• Kufa kwa magazi m'thupi (ischemic stroke) ndi pamene magazi oundana amatseka mtsempha wamagazi womwe umapereka magazi ku ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi asapitirire ku ubongo.
• Kutupa kwa magazi kumachitika pamene magazi amayamba kutuluka mwadzidzidzi mu ubongo kuchokera mumtsempha wamagazi womwe uli mu ubongo.

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ma pons

Kuwonjezera pa sitiroko, zifukwa zina zosazolowereka zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa pons, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale locked-in syndrome (LiS).

• Matenda a ziwalo zina za ubongo.
• Zotupa kapena matuza mu pons kapena tsinde la ubongo.
• Kuchotsa myelin m'thupi ndi kutayika kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi (myelin) chozungulira maselo a mitsempha.
• Matenda ena, mwachitsanzo , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ndi Guillain-Barre syndrome .
• Kuvulala kwa ma pons.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika .

Kodi matenda a Locked-in syndrome (LiS) amapezedwa bwanji?

Popeza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la locked-in syndrome (LiS) sayankha ku zinthu zopweteka (monga, alibe mphamvu zoyendera) zomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito poyesa momwe akumvera, madokotala poyamba angaganize molakwika kuti sakudziwa. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira matenda (LiS) nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta komanso kotenga nthawi.

Chofunika kwambiri pozindikira matenda a Locked-in syndrome (LiS) ndikuchotsa matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikirozi. Komanso, monga gawo la njira yodziwira matenda ndi chithandizo, ndikofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a Locked-in syndrome.

Mayeso ozindikira matenda

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matenda otsekeredwa (LiS), kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa, ndikuchotsa matenda ena.

• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) kapena CT (Computed Tomography - CT): Mayesowa amatha kuwona ngati pali kuwonongeka kwa ma pons anu kapena ziwalo zina za ubongo wanu.
• Angiography ya ubongo: Kuyeza kumeneku kungathe kuzindikira ngati pali magazi oundana m'mitsempha ya ubongo kapena kwina kulikonse mu ubongo.
• Electroencephalogram (EEG): Izi zimayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo. Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuona ngati ntchito ya ubongo wanu komanso nthawi yogona ndi kudzuka ndi yabwinobwino. Zingathandize kusiyanitsa LiS ndi matenda ena.
• Mphamvu zoyambitsidwa: Izi zimayesa ntchito yamagetsi m'mbali zina za ubongo ndi msana poyankha zinthu monga kupweteka, kumva, kapena zinthu zowoneka. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito izi poyesa momwe ubongo umayankhira zomwe zawonongeka komanso momwe ubongo umayankhira bwino.
• Electromyography: Izi zimayesa momwe minofu ndi mitsempha yanu ikugwirira ntchito. Kuyesaku kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti kuthetse kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi mitsempha.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kagayidwe kachakudya, makamaka poyang'ana kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi, kungathandize kudziwa ngati vuto lotchedwa pontine myelinosis ndilo limayambitsa.
• Kuyesa kwa Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): Izi zingathandize kudziwa ngati matenda kapena vuto la autoimmune likuyambitsa zizindikiro.

Kodi matenda a Locked-in syndrome (LiS) amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Kunena zoona, palibe mankhwala enieni kapena chithandizo cha locked-in syndrome (LiS). Chinthu chokhacho chomwe mungachite, ngati n'kotheka, ndikuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndikupewa mavuto ena.

Kuwongolera matenda otsekeredwa m'thupi kumaphatikizapo chithandizo chothandizira komanso maphunziro olankhulana .

Chithandizo chothandizira

Kusamalira kupuma ndi kudyetsa ndikofunikira, makamaka kumayambiriro. Anthu omwe ali ndi LiS nthawi zambiri amafunikira chithandizo chopangira kupuma. Amachitidwanso opaleshoni ya tracheotomy (chubu cholowetsedwa kudzera m'bowo laling'ono m'khosi kupita ku chitoliro cha mphepo).

Popeza sikotetezeka kudya kapena kumwa ndi LiS, anthuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa gastrostomy tube (G-tube) chomwe chimayikidwa mwachindunji m'mimba mwawo. Apa ndi pomwe chakudya ndi madzi zimaperekedwa.

Mankhwala ena othandizira ndi awa:

• Kupewa mavuto omwe angabwere chifukwa chosayenda bwino. Mwachitsanzo:Zinthu monga chibayo, matenda a mkodzo (UTIs), ndi magazi kuundana (thrombosis).
• Kupewa kuvulala kwa kupanikizika/zilonda zogona .
• Perekani chithandizo chamankhwala kuti mupewe kugwedezeka kwa miyendo, komwe ndi kutayika kwa kayendedwe komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuuma kwa mafupa, minofu, kapena minofu yofewa ya miyendo.
• Perekani chithandizo cha thupi kuti mubwezeretse mayendedwe aliwonse otsala kapena obwezeretsa mwaufulu (ngati alipo).

Maphunziro olankhulana

Akatswiri olankhula angathandize anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la locked-in syndrome (LiS) kulankhulana momveka bwino kudzera mu mayendedwe a maso ndi kuphethira. Njira yolankhulirana iyi ndi yapadera kwa munthu aliyense. Mwachitsanzo, kuyang'ana mmwamba kungatanthauze "inde" ndipo kuyang'ana pansi kungatanthauze "ayi" (kapena mosemphanitsa). Komanso, munthu wina akawerenga kalata, akhoza kuloza kalata yomwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito popanga mawu ndi ziganizo.

Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zoyendera maso, zipangizo zamagetsi zolumikizirana , monga zoyezera kuyenda kwa maso za infrared ndi zolumikizira mawu zamakompyuta, zathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi LiS kulankhulana momasuka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti.

Kodi n'zotheka kuchira kwathunthu ku locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa locked-in syndrome (LiS), mphamvu zina zoyendetsera thupi zimatha kubwerera. Komabe, kuchira kwathunthu sikuchitika kawirikawiri. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi LiS amatha kukhala ndi kayendedwe ndi kumva m'mbali zina za thupi lawo.

Anthu ambiri sapezanso mphamvu ya mitsempha yomwe yatayika, koma amatha kuphunzira kulankhulana kudzera mu kayendedwe ka maso.

Kodi matenda otsekeredwa mkati (LiS) angapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, milandu yambiri ya locked-in syndrome (LiS) singathe kupewedwa. Komabe, ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi sitiroko, chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi LiS chingawonjezekenso.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko ndi njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chimenecho.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi vuto la locked-in syndrome (LiS) ndi chotani?

Kuyembekezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otsekeredwa (LiS) kumadalira chifukwa cha matendawa, mtundu wa matenda, komanso kuchuluka kwa chithandizo ndi chisamaliro chomwe amalandira.

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi LiS adanena kuti amakhala ndi moyo wosangalala komanso wopindulitsa, makamaka akalandira chithandizo chabwino cha anthu komanso ukadaulo wosinthika womwe unawathandiza kuchita bwino ntchito zawo kunyumba komanso m'gulu.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi LiS amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njinga ya olumala yokhala ndi injini komanso kompyuta yokhala ndi ukadaulo wosinthika.

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi matenda otsekeredwa (LiS)?

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a Locked-in syndrome (LiS) sakhala ndi moyo mpaka atangoyamba kumene matendawa, chifukwa cha mavuto azachipatala. Komabe, ena amakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka 10 mpaka 20 ndipo amanena kuti ali ndi moyo wabwino.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji, kapena munthu amene ali ndi LiS?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la Locked-in syndrome (LiS), ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mukulandira chithandizo chabwino chamankhwala kuti mupewe mavuto monga chibayo ndi zilonda za m'mimba zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino.

Ndikofunikanso kupeza njira zolankhulirana - kaya kudzera mu mayendedwe a maso kapena ukadaulo wothandizira monga ukadaulo wotsatira maso. Ganizirani kulowa nawo gulu lothandizira kuti mukumane ndi ena omwe adakumanapo ndi zomwezo.

Ngati mukusamalira munthu amene ali ndi `(LiS)` , ndikofunikira kuti muwalimbikitse kuti atsimikizire kuti akulandira chithandizo chabwino kwambiri chamankhwala komanso kuti athe kupeza ukadaulo womwe umawathandiza kulankhulana ndikukhala odziyimira pawokha.

Pomaliza, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Locked-in Syndrome (LiS) ndi matenda osowa komanso oopsa. Kupeza matenda ngati amenewa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Koma kumbukirani kuti gulu lanu lachipatala lilipo kuti likuthandizeni inu ndi okondedwa anu. Ndikofunikira kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo chabwino chamankhwala ndikuphunzira njira zatsopano zolankhulirana mukakhala ndi LiS.

Ndi chisamaliro chothandizira chapamwamba komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo masiku ano, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi Locked-In Syndrome (LiS) akukhala moyo wokwanira komanso watanthauzo. Choncho musataye mtima. Pali yankho la vuto lililonse, njira yothanirana ndi vuto lililonse.

Matenda Otsekeredwa, Pons, Matenda a Ubongo, Neurology, Kufa Ziwalo, Kulankhulana