Kodi pali chotupa chatsopano pakhungu lanu? Tiyeni tidziwe za khansa yoopsa iyi ya Merkel Cell!

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo chotupa kapena chotupa pakhungu lanu? Mwina munaganiza kuti ndi chiphuphu kapena bala laling'ono chabe, koma nthawi zina ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono ngati izi zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri kuposa momwe timaganizira. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa ya pakhungu yosowa koma yoopsa kwambiri. Ndiyo Merkel Cell Carcinoma, kapena ``Merkel Cell Carcinoma``.

Kodi Merkel Cell Carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Merkel Cell Carcinoma ndi khansa ya pakhungu yosowa kwambiri, yomwe imafalikira mofulumira, komanso yomwe ingawopseze moyo. Imakula mu mtundu wapadera wa selo lotchedwa Merkel cells, lomwe limapezeka kunja kwa khungu lathu, epidermis.

Taganizirani izi, khungu lathu si chivundikiro chokha. Lili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo. Maselo a Merkel awa ndi maselo omwe amagwira ntchito yapadera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi kuwala koopsa kwa ultraviolet kuchokera ku dzuwa (Ultraviolet - UV light) ndi zinthu zina zoopsa, maselo a Merkel awa amakhala maselo a khansa ndipo amayamba kukula mosalamulirika. Chinthu choopsa kwambiri pa khansa iyi ndichakuti imatha kufalikira mwachangu kwambiri ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndipo pali mwayi waukulu woti ibwererenso ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo.

Kodi maselo a Merkel ndi chiyani?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, "Kodi maselo a Merkel ndi chiyani?" Maselo amenewa amapezeka mkati mwa khungu lathu, lomwe ndi gawo lapamwamba la khungu lathu. Ndi mtundu wa selo lomwe lili pafupi ndi mapeto a mitsempha ndipo limatithandiza kumva kukhudza. Chapadera ndichakuti ndi mtundu wa selo lotchedwa neuroendocrine cell, lomwe limagwira ntchito mu dongosolo la mitsempha komanso dongosolo la endocrine . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, maselowa alinso ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati mahomoni.

Maselo amenewa anayamba kupezeka ndi kufotokozedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi dokotala wa ku Germany dzina lake Friedrich Merkel. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa "maselo a Merkel."

Kodi khansa imeneyi ndi yofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, Merkel Cell Carcinoma ndi mtundu wa khansa ya pakhungu yomwe siidziwika kawirikawiri. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, milandu yatsopano pafupifupi 3,000 yokha ya matendawa imachitika chaka chilichonse.

Komabe, pali chinthu chofunikira apa. Posachedwapa, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi Merkel Cell Carcinoma chakhala chikukwera. Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi kusintha kwa mayeso ozindikira matenda. Komanso, vutoli limakhudza kwambiri anthu azaka zopitilira 70. Pamene anthu amakhala ndi moyo wautali, mwayi wopeza matendawa ungawonjezekenso.

Mayina ena a Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Mungamve mayina ngati awa mukakamba za khansa iyi:

• MCC
• Khansa ya maselo a Merkel
• Khansa ya neuroendocrine ya pakhungu
• Khansa ya trabecular

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa khansa ya Merkel Cell?

Monga khansa zambiri za pakhungu, Merkel Cell Carcinoma imayamba chifukwa cha kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV) kuchokera ku dzuwa. Chiwopsezochi chimapezekanso kuchokera ku kuwala kopangidwa ndi zinthu monga malo osungira tanning. Kuwala kwa UV kumeneku kumatha kuwononga majini, kapena DNA, a maselo athu a pakhungu.

Chinthu china chodabwitsa n’chakuti anthu pafupifupi asanu ndi atatu mwa khumi omwe ali ndi khansa iyi ali ndi kachilombo kotchedwa Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCP). Komabe, musachite mantha ndi izi. Chifukwa, si aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka `MCP` akamakhala ndi khansa iyi. Ndipotu, kachilomboka nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi kachilomboka ali mwana ndipo nthawi zambiri sikasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Palibe mayeso apadera oti adziwe ngati kachilomboka kalikonse. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri azachipatala akufufuzabe chifukwa chake kachilomboka kamayambitsa khansa ya pakhungu mwa anthu ena okha.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti munthu amene chitetezo chamthupi chake chili chofooka sangathe kulamulira kachilomboka . Kachilomboka kamapangitsa maselo a khungu kupanga puloteni yapadera. Puloteni iyi imaletsa majini omwe nthawi zambiri amaletsa khansa kukula.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Khansa ya Merkel Cell ingayambe mwa munthu aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse, jenda, kapena mtundu uliwonse wa khungu. Komabe, chiopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu makamaka mwa amuna azaka zopitirira 50 omwe ali ndi khungu loyera.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zina zingapo zoopsa:

• Ngati mudadwalapo mitundu ina ya khansa ya pakhungu, monga basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, kapena melanoma.
• Ngati mwagwiritsa ntchito malo opaka utoto kapena mwapsa kwambiri ndi dzuwa.
• Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito phototherapy pa matenda a pakhungu monga psoriasis.
• Ngati chitetezo chamthupi chafooka chifukwa cha matenda monga khansa ya m'magazi yosatha, HIV, ndi AIDS, kapena zifukwa zina.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala oika ziwalo kapena mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi mutaika ziwalo zina.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya Merkel Cell ndi ziti?

Khansa ya Merkel cell nthawi zambiri imawonekera pakhungu lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi dzuwa. Mutha kuwona chotupa chowala komanso chooneka ngati ngale chomwe chapangika pamalo omwe dzuwa limakumana ndi dzuwa.

Mabowo awa ndi omwe amawoneka kwambiriPankhope panu, pakhosi, m'manja, kapena m'zikope. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda, nthawi zina amatha kuwoneka pamiyendo. Kwa achinyamata, ziphuphuzi zimatha kuwoneka m'malo monga pachifuwa ndi m'mimba (torso). Nthawi zina, ziphuphuzi zimatha kuphulika ndikuwoneka ngati zilonda.

Chotupa ichi chikhoza kusonyeza zizindikiro monga:

• Zathu ndi zazikulu ngati theka la ndalama (pafupifupi masentimita awiri) ndipo zimakula mofulumira kwambiri.
• Kapangidwe konga ngati dome kaonekera.
• Zikumveka zolimba.
• Kukanda.
• Zingawoneke ngati ziphuphu kapena kuluma kwa tizilombo.
• Ikhoza kukhala mtundu wofanana ndi khungu, kapena wofiira, wofiirira, kapena wabuluu-wofiira.
• Zimapweteka kapena zimamva kupweteka zikakhudzidwa.

Chofunika: Ngati muwona kusintha kwa khungu motere, makamaka ngati kukula msanga, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala.

Kodi mavuto a Merkel Cell Carcinoma ndi ati?

Khansa ya Merkel Cell ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri yomwe imafalikira mofulumira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Khansa ikafalikira kuchokera komwe idayambira kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, imatchedwa khansa yofalikira. Khansa yomwe yafalikira motere ndi yovuta kwambiri kuchiza.

Kansa ya Merkel cell carcinoma imayamba kufalikira ku dongosolo la lymphatic, lomwe ndi ma lymph nodes. Kuchokera pamenepo, imatha kufalikira ku mafupa, mapapo, ubongo, kapena ziwalo zina. Khansa iyi ikhoza kupha.

Kodi khansa ya Merkel Cell imapezeka bwanji?

Matenda a pakhungu monga Merkel cell carcinoma amapezedwa ndi kuchiritsidwa ndi dokotala wa khungu. Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa khansa ya pakhungu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zotupa zina zomwe sizili khansa (ma cysts osavulaza), ma follicle a tsitsi omwe ali ndi kachilombo (folliculitis), ndi zotupa za m'maso (ma styes) zimatha kuwonekanso ngati Merkel cell carcinoma.

Dokotala wanu adzayamba wafufuza thupi lanu lonse. Adzafufuzanso ngati pali ma lymph nodes otupa, zomwe zingakhale chizindikiro cha matenda kapena kufalikira kwa khansa. Kenako, adzatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha chotupacho ndikuchiyesa pakhungu kuti aone ngati pali maselo a khansa.

Kodi magawo a khansa ndi ati?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyezera khansa kuti adziwe momwe khansa yafalikira. Gawoli limadziwikiratu panthawi yodziwira matendawa. Chiwerengero cha magawo chikakhala chachikulu, khansa imafalikira kwambiri.

• Gawo 0: Merkel cell carcinoma imapezeka pamwamba pa khungu kokha.
• Gawo Lachinayi (4): Khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa siteji ya khansa?

Mayeso amodzi kapena angapo mwa awa akhoza kuchitidwa kuti adziwe siteji ya Merkel Cell Carcinoma:

• Kujambula kwa CT
• Kujambula kwa Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
• Kufufuza kwa malo ogona kapena kusanthula kwa singano

Kodi khansa ya Merkel Cell imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha khansa ya Merkel cell chimadalira gawo la khansa. Khansa yoyambirira (magawo 0 mpaka II [2]) imayankha bwino chithandizo kuposa khansa yomaliza (magawo III ndi IV [3 ndi 4]).

Madokotala amachotsa zotupa za khansa ya Merkel cell kudzera mu opaleshoni. Pali njira zingapo zochitira opaleshoni:

• Opaleshoni ya Mohs: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mosamala zigawo zokhala ndi maselo a khansa, ndikusiya khungu labwino momwe zingathere.
• Kuchotsa malo ambiri: Pachifukwa ichi, chotupa cha khansa chimachotsedwa pamodzi ndi minofu ina yathanzi yozungulira.
• Kuduladula ma lymph node: Kuchotsa ma lymph node opaleshoni komwe maselo a khansa afalikira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mungafunike opaleshoni yokonzanso khungu kapena kuyika khungu kuti muchiritse ndikubwezeretsa malo omwe mwalandira chithandizo.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala a khansa monga awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwononga maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angakhalebe m'thupi:

• Mankhwala a Chemotherapy
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy
• Chithandizo cha radiation

Kodi khansa ya Merkel Cell ingapewedwe?

Inde, mutha kudziteteza ku kuwonongeka ndi dzuwa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga Merkel Cell Carcinoma pochita izi:

• Pakani mafuta oteteza khungu ku dzuwa okhala ndi mphamvu ya SPF yosachepera 60 tsiku lililonse, ngakhale mutakhala m'nyumba. Pakaninso mafuta oteteza khungu ku dzuwa maola awiri aliwonse ngati mukupita panja.
• Chepetsani kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe kumakhala kotentha kwambiri pakati pa 10 koloko m'mawa ndi 4 koloko madzulo. Ngati mukuyenera kutuluka panja, pezani mthunzi.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mipanda yowunikira dzuwa kapena nyali za dzuwa.
• Mukatuluka panja, valani zovala zolukidwa bwino, manja aatali, chipewa chachikulu, ndi magalasi akuluakulu a dzuwa.
• Phunzirani momwe mungayendere khungu lanu nokha. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwatsopano pakhungu lanu, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya Merkel Cell ndi chotani?

Khansa ya Merkel cell ili ndi mwayi waukulu wobwereranso ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, kwa zaka zingapo zoyambirira, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala wanu miyezi itatu kapena inayi iliyonse ndikuyesedwa, monga kujambula zithunzi, kuti muwone ngati ikubweranso.

Zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo thanzi lanu lonse, zaka zanu, komanso momwe khansa yayambira, zimakhudza nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti munthu achire ku khansa iyi. Akatswiri amati anthu atatu mwa anayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya Merkel cell carcinoma m'deralo adzapulumuka zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matendawa. Komabe, ngati khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi (khansa yofalikira), chiwerengerocho chimatsika kufika pa munthu m'modzi mwa anayi. Koma musataye mtima. Mayeso ambiri azachipatala akuchitika kuti apeze mankhwala atsopano a khansa ya Merkel cell.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kosaneneka pakhungu lanu, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Kuoneka kwa malo atsopano, kusintha kwa malo omwe alipo, kapena kutuluka magazi kuchokera pamalopo.
• Zilonda zotupa pakhungu.
• Mabala osachiritsa.
• Ziphuphu zosamveka bwino, makamaka ngati zikuyabwa, zikupweteka, kapena zikukulirakulira.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Nchifukwa chiyani ndinadwala khansa ya Merkel Cell Carcinoma?
• Kodi chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa ine ndi chiti?
• Kodi ndingatani kuti khansa isabwererenso?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi zizindikiro za mavuto?

Ndizachilendo kumva kudabwa komanso chisoni mukazindikira kuti muli ndi khansa ya pakhungu, monga Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Chifukwa khansa iyi imatha kufalikira mwachangu, ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala mukangowona kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo pakhungu lanu. Dokotala wanu adzachotsa chotupacho ndi opaleshoni ndipo angakupatseninso mankhwala ena kutengera gawo la khansayo. Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati khansayo yabwerera kapena yafalikira.

Pomaliza, zinthu zingapo zoti muzikumbukira

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mwamvetsa bwino za Merkel Cell Carcinoma, yomwe tidakambirana lero. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi khansa yosowa, koma ikhoza kukhala yoopsa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamalira khungu lanu ndikuliteteza ku dzuwa. Ngati muwona china chilichonse chatsopano kapena chachilendo pakhungu lanu, musachinyalanyaze ngati chinthu chaching'ono, koma chiwonetseni kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati chapezeka msanga, mwayi woti chithandizo chipambane ndi wokwera. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

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