Dziwani izi musanadandaule za chotupa mumtima mwanu (Myxoma)!

Kodi mukukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira, kumva kufooka, kapena kutaya thupi mwadzidzidzi? Chifukwa chake chingakhale chinthu chomwe simukuchiganizira nkomwe. Lero tikambirana za vuto losowa koma lofunika lomwe limakhudza mtima. Limatchedwa Cardiac Myxoma . Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke loopsa, tiyeni tikambirane za vutoli m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi myxoma ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi chotupa chomwe chimapangika mumtima?

Mwachidule, myxoma ndi chotupa chomwe chimapangika mumtima mwanu. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti si chotupa cha khansa . Izi zikutanthauza kuti sichifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Myxoma ndi chotupa chachikulu chomwe sichili khansa chomwe chimayambira mumtima.

Zotupa zimenezi zingabwere m'makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Zina ndi zazing'ono ngati sentimita imodzi, pomwe zina zimatha kukula ngati masentimita 15. Tangoganizirani momwe chinthu chachikulu chotere chingakhudzire mtima wanu!

Kawirikawiri (pafupifupi 74%) ma myxoma amenewa amakula mu atrium yakumanzere ya mtima wanu, yomwe ndi chipinda chakumanzere chakumtunda cha mtima wanu. Kenako, pafupifupi 18% amakula mu atrium yakumanja , yomwe ndi chipinda chakumanja chakumtunda. Chifukwa chakuti amakula m'zipinda zapamwamba za mtima, amatchedwanso ma myxoma a atrial . Chiwerengero chochepa chotsala (pafupifupi 8%) chingakulanso m'zipinda zapansi za mtima , ma ventricles .

Myxoma nthawi zambiri imayamba kuchokera ku atrium septum, khoma lomwe limalekanitsa zipinda zakumanzere ndi zakumanja za mtima. Nthawi zambiri, chotupacho chimalumikizidwa ku khomali ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi tsinde kotchedwa pedicle . Chidutswachi chimalola chotupacho kuyenda ndikuyandama mkati mwa mtima. Nthawi zina, chikamayenda, chotupacho chimatha kukhala mu valavu ya mtima ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi.

Ngakhale kuti izi si khansa, ndi zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa zimatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a mtima. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi myxoma ayenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti awachotse. Ngati izi sizichitika, mavuto akulu angachitike.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza myxoma?

Myxoma nthawi zambiri imakhudza anthu azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60. Komanso, vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna.

Komabe, izi n’zosiyana pang’ono ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la majini lotchedwa Carney’s complex . Vuto la Carney’s complex limeneli lingayambitse ma myxoma angapo osati mumtima mokha komanso m’ziwalo zina za thupi. Ma myxoma nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthuwa ali ndi zaka za m’ma 20. Komanso, vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi.

Kodi Myxoma ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda oyamba a mtima ndi osowa kwambiri. Amakhudza anthu ochepera mmodzi pa anthu 2,000. Pafupifupi theka la matenda oyamba a mtima amenewa amatchedwa myxomas. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuganiza momwe vutoli limakhalira losowa.

Kodi myxoma imakhudza bwanji thupi langa?

Myxoma ingasokoneze kuyenda kwa magazi m'thupi lanu lonse komanso mumtima mwanu. Pali mavuto awiri akuluakulu omwe angachitike:

1. Kutsekeka kwa thupi:

Ichi ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri. Embolism ndi kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Ma myxoma ena amatha kuphwanyika . Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kusweka mosavuta. Chidutswa cha chotupacho chingasweke, kuyenda m'magazi, ndikukodwa mumtsempha wamagazi kwinakwake m'thupi. Kapena, magazi angapangidwe pa myxoma, ndipo magazi angasweke ndikukodwa.

Tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati chidutswa cha chidutswa choswekachi chitakodwa mumtsempha wamagazi wopita ku ubongo? Zingayambitse sitiroko ! Chifukwa chake ichi si chinthu chopepuka. Vuto lofala kwambiri la myxoma ya mtima ndi embolism iyi.

2. Kutsekeka kwa mavavu:

Monga tanenera kale, ma myxoma nthawi zambiri amamangiriridwa ku phesi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amazungulira mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pamene magazi akuyenda mumtima. Akamazungulira, ngati chotupacho chikugwera kudzera m'malo otseguka a valavu ya mtima, chingatseke kwakanthawi kuyenda kwa magazi kudzera mu valavu imeneyo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ku valavu ya mitral , yomwe ili pakati pa atrium yakumanzere ndi ventricle yakumanzere. Izi zimapangitsa kuti valavuyo itseke ndikutseguka, zomwe zimasokoneza kupopera bwino kwa magazi kudzera mumtima kupita ku thupi.

Kodi zizindikiro za myxoma ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za myxoma zimadalira komwe ili mumtima komanso momwe imakhudzira thupi. Mutha kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro izi:

• Kudwala malungo .
• Kutopa, kutopa kwambiri.
• Thukuta la usiku.
• Chochitika cha Raynaud: Apa ndi pamene zala za m'manja ndi zala za m'mapazi zimasanduka zotumbululuka, zabuluu, kenako zofiira komanso zachita dzanzi zikakhudzidwa ndi kuzizira.
• Kupuma movutikira panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kupuma movutikira kapena kukomoka mukamayimirira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mukayimirira, mphamvu yokoka imakoka chotupacho mu valavu ya mitral, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwakanthawi.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa.

Kungoti muli ndi zizindikirozi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi myxoma. Matenda ena a mtima akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Komabe, ngati muwona chinthu chonga ichi, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala.

Kodi chimayambitsa myxoma ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe chifukwa chomveka chomwe chingayambitse myxoma.Komabe, pafupifupi 10% ya milandu imayamba chifukwa cha matenda a majini otchedwa Carney's complex, omwe tidakambirana kale. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la Carney's complex, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za vutoli.

Kodi Myxoma imapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira myxoma kudzera mu mayeso amthupi ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina zimatenga nthawi kuti adziwe chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi za matenda ena.

Pa nthawi yoyezetsa thupi lanu, dokotala wanu adzamvetsera mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope . Ngati muli ndi myxoma, mungamve phokoso la mtima losazolowereka lotchedwa "chotupa plop." Uwu ndi phokoso lomwe myxoma imapanga ikatseka valavu ya mitral kwakanthawi.

Dokotala adzakudziwitsaninso za zizindikiro zanu komanso kusintha kulikonse komwe mukukumana nako. Ngati akukayikira kuti muli ndi matenda a myxoma kapena matenda ena a mtima, adzalamula kuti muyesedwe kangapo.

Kodi ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira Myxoma?

Kuyezetsa zithunzi ndikofunikira kwambiri pozindikira myxoma. Dokotala wanu angachite chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Echocardiogram: Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Kuyeza kwa transthoracic echo, komwe kumachitika pachifuwa, nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza myxoma. Komabe, nthawi zina kuunikira kwa transesophageal (chubu chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pakhosi) kungachitike kuti ayang'ane zotupa zazing'ono kapena kuti aone komwe chotupacho chili pamtima.
• MRI ya Mtima: Kujambula kwa MRI kwa mtima.
• Kujambula kwa mtima kwa CT: Kujambula kwa mtima kwa CT.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa magazi kungasonyeze zizindikiro za myxoma:

• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ( anemia ).
• Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi ( thrombocytopenia ).
• Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi (izi zimasonyeza kutupa m'thupi).

Komabe, mayeso a magazi okhawa sangadziwe kupezeka kwa myxoma. Amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda ena. Komabe, akaphatikizidwa ndi mayeso ojambula zithunzi ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wa thupi, angathandize dokotala kupeza matenda.

Kodi mankhwala a Myxoma ndi otani?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi myxoma, muyenera opaleshoni kuti muchotse chotupacho. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zambiri za izi komanso momwe mungakonzekerere opaleshoniyo.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchotsa myxoma mwachangu momwe mungathere.Chifukwa myxoma ili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha embolism, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa pa moyo.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha anthu omwe ali ndi myxoma ndi chotani?

Chiyembekezo cha anthu omwe ali ndi myxoma nthawi zambiri chimakhala chabwino. Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imatha kuchotsa myxoma kwathunthu ndikuletsa kuti isabwerenso.

Komabe, pafupifupi 1% mpaka 2% ya anthu amakhala ndi myxoma yatsopano mkati mwa zaka 10-15 kuchokera pamene opaleshoni yachitika. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Carney's complex ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chobwereranso kwa matendawa.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi mbiri ya myxoma, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe nthawi zonse, makamaka echocardiogram. Mayesowa amatha kuzindikira myxoma yatsopano msanga, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto amtsogolo.

Anthu omwe adadwalapo myxoma ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a atrial arrhythmias , omwe ndi mavuto a rhythmia m'zipinda zapamwamba za mtima. Dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani za chiopsezochi ndikukupatsani mankhwala ngati pakufunika kutero.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za myxoma, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Zizindikirozi sizingakhale chifukwa cha myxoma, koma zitha kukhala chifukwa cha vuto lina la mtima. Komabe, ndi vuto lililonse la mtima, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa ndi kulandira chithandizo mwachangu vutoli lisanafike poipa kwambiri.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi myxoma, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe zingatenge kuti mubwererenso kudzayesedwanso komanso nthawi yoti muchitidwe opaleshoni.

Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni yochotsa myxoma, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu nthawi yomwe mukuchira komanso mutachira.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za matenda anu komanso mapulani anu amtsogolo. Mutha kufunsa mafunso monga:

• Kodi myxoma ndi yaikulu bwanji?
• Kodi myxoma yakhudza bwanji mtima wanga?
• Kodi ndili ndi mtedza woposa umodzi?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni liti?
• Kodi ndikufunika mankhwala aliwonse kuti ndichepetse zizindikiro kapena zovuta zina?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kuti ndikayesedwenso kapena kuti ndikayesedwenso?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa mukazindikira kuti muli ndi chotupa cha mtima. Komabe, nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti myxoma ndi vuto lomwe nthawi zambiri limatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni. Pafupifupi 98% ya anthu sadzadwalanso matendawa.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la Carney's complex , muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chobwereranso ku matendawa. Komabe, mukapita kwa dokotala nthawi ndi nthawi komanso mukayesedwa ngati echocardiogram, mutha kuwona zotupa zatsopano zisanabweretse mavuto.

Ngati mukufuna opaleshoni, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe mungayembekezere komanso nthawi yomwe zingatenge kuti muchire. Ndikofunikanso kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmias) kapena mavuto ena okhudzana ndi magetsi a mtima. Mungafunike mankhwala oletsa mavutowa chotupa chikachotsedwa. Musachite mantha, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chilichonse ndipo khalani omasuka.

Myxoma , zotupa za mtima, matenda a mtima, embolism, kutsekeka kwa ma valvu, opaleshoni ya mtima, Carney's complex