Kodi mumakumananso ndi tulo tosalamulirika masana? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a Narcolepsy

Tangoganizirani kuti muli pamsonkhano wofunika ku ofesi, kapena mukuseka ndikucheza ndi anzanu. Mwadzidzidzi, mukumva tulo tosatha komanso tosatha tomwe timakupangitsani kutseka maso anu. Uku si kugona pang'ono komwe kumachitika mutadya nkhomaliro. Kaya muchite chiyani panthawiyo, simungathe kusiya kugona. Mumagona kwa mphindi zochepa. Kodi mwakumanapo ndi izi? Kapena kodi izi zachitikira munthu amene mumamudziwa? Lero tikambirana za vuto la kugona lomwe anthu ambiri sakudziwa, koma likhoza kukhudza kwambiri miyoyo yawo. Timatcha izi kukhala ndi vuto la narcolepsy.

Mwachidule, kodi vuto la narcolepsy n’chiyani?

Matenda a Narcolepsy ndi matenda amitsempha okhudzana ndi tulo. Amadziwika ndi kugona mwadzidzidzi, kosalamulirika masana. Si matenda ofala kwambiri. Koma zizindikiro zake ndi zapadera kwambiri. Matendawa amatha kusokoneza kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku, ntchito, komanso ubale wanu ndi anthu. Koma chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti pali mankhwala othandiza pa vutoli . Choncho palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Tiyeni timvetse bwino izi.

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda obwera chifukwa cha kulephera kulankhula bwino ndi ziti?

Pali zizindikiro zinayi zazikulu za matenda a narcolepsy. Koma si aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikiro zonse zinayi. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri zokha. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikirozi.

Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za cataplexy.

Chizindikiro ichi chotchedwa cataplexy n'chofunika kwambiri chifukwa matenda a narcolepsy amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri kutengera ngati alipo kapena ayi.

1. Matenda a Narcolepsy Mtundu 1: Anthu awa ali ndi chizindikiro cha cataplexy. Pafupifupi 20% ya odwala matenda a narcolepsy ali m'gulu la matendawa.

2. Narcolepsy Mtundu wachiwiri: Anthu awa alibe chizindikiro cha cataplexy. Ambiri, kutanthauza kuti, pafupifupi 80%, ndi a mtundu uwu.

Kawirikawiri, tikagona, makamaka panthawi ya REM sleep, ubongo wathu umasiya kulamulira minofu yathu kwakanthawi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuchita zomwe timalota m'moyo weniweni kungakhale koopsa. Cataplexy ndi pamene timakumana ndi kufooka kwa minofu komweko pamene tili maso .

Ngati sizikumveka kawirikawiri, zingamveke ngati minofu ya nkhope yanu ikugwa, kapena pakamwa panu pangotseguka. Koma ngati zikumveka mwadzidzidzi, thupi lanu lonse likhoza kuchita dzanzi ndipo mungagwe pansi . Izi zingayambitse kuvulala. Koma zimangokhala kwa mphindi zochepa chabe. Panthawi imeneyo, simungathe kulankhula kapena kusuntha.

Ana angasonyeze zizindikiro za izi mosiyana pang'ono. Angasinthe mwadzidzidzi nkhope zawo, kutulutsa lilime lawo, kapena "kumasula" minofu yawo mwadzidzidzi popanda kumva chilichonse.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za matenda a tulo olepheretsa kugwira ntchito.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndi zachilendo kulephera kusuntha matupi athu pamene tikulota. Koma ulamuliro umenewo uyenera kubwereranso tikadzuka. Chomwe chimachitika kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kugona ndichakuti zimatenga nthawi kuti ulamuliro umenewo ubwerere ngakhale atadzuka. Mutha kutsegula maso anu ndi kupuma, koma simungathe kusuntha thupi lanu. Anthu ambiri amaona zinthu zisanachitike panthawiyi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungamve ngati wina ali m'chipindamo, wina akulankhula, kapena chinachake chikukulemetsani. Izi ndi zokumana nazo zoopsa kwambiri. Koma mwamwayi, izi zimatenga mphindi zochepa chabe.

Kodi pali zizindikiro zina za matenda a narcolepsy?

Inde, kuwonjezera pa makhalidwe anayi akuluakulu amenewo, mutha kuwona zinthu zina zingapo.

• Kusuntha kwa thupi: Ziwalo za thupi, monga manja, zimapitiriza kuyenda ngakhale mutagona. Mwachitsanzo, mungagone mukulemba, koma dzanja lanu lingapitirize kuyenda ngati mukulemba.
• Kulephera kukumbukira: Kusakumbukira zomwe unkachita usanagone.
• Kufuula mokweza pamene akugona: Akatsala pang'ono kugona, mwadzidzidzi amanena mawu kapena chiganizo chomwe sichimveka bwino. Angadzukenso akamva phokosolo. Koma sakumbukiranso kunena zimenezo.

Kodi kwenikweni chikuchitika ndi chiyani m'thupi lathu?

Kuti timvetse vuto la narcolepsy, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa pang'ono za tulo tathu tabwinobwino. Tulo lathu lili ndi magawo angapo akuluakulu.

1. Gawo 1: Kugona pang'ono. Ili ndi gawo lalifupi lomwe limachitika nthawi yomweyo munthu akangogona.

2. Gawo lachiwiri: Kugona tulo tofa nato. Uku ndi kugona kozama pang'ono. Pafupifupi 50% ya kugona kwathu konse kuli mu gawo ili.

3. Gawo 3: Tulo tofa nato kwambiri. N'zovuta kwambiri kudzutsa munthu amene ali mu gawo lino. Ngati mudzuka panthawiyi, mudzamva ngati mutu wanu waphimbidwa ndi chifunga (Sleep Inertia). Kuyenda ndi kulankhula m'maloto kumachitika mu gawo lino.

4. Kugona kwa REM: `REM` imayimira `Rapid Eye Movement`. Ndi panthawiyi pamene timalota.

Munthu wabwinobwino akagona, amadutsa mu magawo 1, 2, ndi 3 asanagone `REM`. Kuzungulira konseku kumatenga pafupifupi mphindi 90. Timamaliza pafupifupi maulendo 4-5 otere usiku uliwonse.

Koma chinthu china chosiyana chimachitikira munthu amene ali ndi vuto la narcolepsy. Akangogona, amagona nthawi yomweyo, mwina pasanathe mphindi zochepa. Ndipo tulo tawo timasokonekera usiku wonse.

Chifukwa cha izi, ngakhale atagona tulo tochuluka bwanji usiku, amamva tulo tochuluka kwambiri masana. Sangathe kuletsa "kuukira kwa tulo" komwe kumabwera. Koma tulo limenelo ndi la kanthawi kochepa, monga mphindi 15-30. Akadzuka kuchokera ku tulo limenelo, amamva kuti atsitsimutsidwa kwambiri. Koma chifukwa chakuti izi zimachitika kangapo patsiku, vuto la narcolepsy limakhala chopinga chachikulu pamoyo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vuto la narcolepsy?

Choyambitsa izi chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda obwera chifukwa cha kugona tulo tofa nato, koma zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi hypothalamus, gawo la ubongo wathu lomwe limalamulira tulo ndi kudzuka kwathu.

Chifukwa cha matenda a narcolepsy amtundu wa 1

Mtundu wa selo la mitsempha mu hypothalamus ya ubongo wathu umapanga mankhwala otchedwa orexin (omwe amatchedwanso hypocretin). Orexin iyi ndi yomwe imatithandiza kukhala maso masana.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a narcolepsy amtundu woyamba, chitetezo cha mthupi chawo chimawononga molakwika maselo amitsempha omwe amapanga orexin.Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuukira msasa wathu. Izi zimatchedwa vuto la autoimmune.

Maselo amenewa akawonongeka, kuchuluka kwa orexin muubongo kumatsika kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhala maso masana. Komanso, kugona kwa REM kumachepa, ndipo zizindikiro (monga cataplexy) zimawonekera ngakhale mutadzuka. Zapezekanso kuti vuto la chitetezo chamthupi limatha kuyamba pambuyo pa matenda ena a mavairasi, monga H1N1, kapena pambuyo pa strep throat.

Chifukwa cha matenda a narcolepsy amtundu wa 2

Madokotala akadali osatsimikiza 100% chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a narcolepsy amtundu wachiwiri, koma akuganiza kuti mwina chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a orexin kapena kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa dongosolo la orexin.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji vutoli?

Dokotala angakayikire izi atamva zizindikiro zanu. Komabe, popeza zizindikirozi zitha kuwonekanso m'matenda ena, monga sleep apnea kapena khunyu, mayeso angapo apadera adzafunika kuti adziwe izi motsimikiza.

Mayeso akuluakulu ndi awa:

• Kuphunzira za Polysomnogram kapena Kugona: Izi zimaphatikizapo kukusungani m'chipatala usiku wonse ndikuyang'ana momwe mukugona. Masensa amamangiriridwa kumutu ndi pachifuwa chanu kuti ayesere zinthu monga mafunde a ubongo, kugunda kwa mtima, kupuma, ndi mayendedwe a thupi. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la narcolepsy amagona tulo ta REM akamagona, kotero mayesowa amatha kuzindikira.
• Mayeso Ochedwa Kugona Mobwerezabwereza (MSLT): Izi zimachitika tsiku lotsatira phunziro la kugona. Masana, mumapatsidwa maola awiri ogona. Izi zimayesa momwe mumagona mofulumira komanso momwe mumalowera mwachangu mu tulo ta 'REM'. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la narcolepsy nthawi zambiri amagona mwachangu kwambiri.
• Kuboola Msana kapena Lumbar: Izi sizichitika kwa aliyense. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo (CSF) omwe amazungulira msana ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa orexin. Mu mtundu woyamba wa narcolepsy, kuchuluka kumeneku kumakhala kochepa kwambiri.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha mayeso oti achite malinga ndi zosowa zanu.

Kodi pali mankhwala a matenda a narcolepsy?

Inde, ndithudi. Ngakhale kuti matenda a narcolepsy sangachiritsidwe kotheratu, pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu ndikukhala moyo wabwinobwino. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo.

Mitundu ya mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito

• Mankhwala odzuka:Mankhwala monga Modafinil angathandize kuchepetsa kugona masana. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi oyamba kuyamba.
• Zolimbikitsa: Mankhwala monga Methylphenidate (Ritalin®) amalimbikitsanso dongosolo la mitsempha ndikuchepetsa tulo.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo: Mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo (SSRIs, SNRIs) ndi othandiza kwambiri poletsa kusokonezeka maganizo, kuona zinthu m'maganizo, komanso kugona tulo tofa nato.
• Sodium Oxybate: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kugona bwino usiku komanso kuchepetsa kugona masana komanso kutopa.

Zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse zizindikiro

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, kusintha pang'ono kwa moyo wanu kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Izi ndi zomwe timatcha "makhalidwe abwino ogona" (Ukhondo wa Kugona).

• Khalani ndi nthawi yogona yokhazikika: Mulimonse momwe mungathere, khalani ndi chizolowezi chogona ndi kudzuka nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse. Yesetsani kutsatira izi ngakhale kumapeto kwa sabata.
• Kugona pang'ono masana: Dziwani nthawi yomwe mumagona kwambiri ndipo konzani kugona pang'ono kwa mphindi 15-20 isanafike nthawiyo. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukhala osangalala tsiku lonse.
• Pewani kumwa khofi ndi mowa: Pewani kumwa zinthu monga tiyi, khofi, ndi cola, makamaka madzulo ndi usiku. Kumwa mowa kungasokoneze tulo tanu usiku.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse masana kungakuthandizeni kugona bwino usiku. Koma pewani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yogona isanafike nthawi yogona.
• Chakudya Chamadzulo: Pewani kudya chakudya cholemera kwambiri nthawi yogona isanafike kuti mukhute m'mimba.

Samalani kwambiri za chitetezo!

Popeza munthu amene ali ndi vuto la narcolepsy amatha kugona mwadzidzidzi, ayenera kusamala kwambiri akamachita zinthu zina.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika ndi tulo tosalamulirika masana, makamaka ngati tikusokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala. Zizindikirozi zingayambitsidwenso ndi matenda ena, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli mwachangu.

Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwagwa kapena kutaya chikumbumtima, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda aakulu, monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.