Ndizachilendo kuti aliyense amve mantha komanso kudabwa akamva mawu akuti "khansa ya m'matumbo". Komabe, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa zamankhwala masiku ano, pali njira zambiri zatsopano komanso zopambana zomwe zingatithandize kuthana ndi matenda otere. Lero, tikambirana za njira ya "chithandizo cholunjika" yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe komanso makamaka yolimbana ndi maselo a khansa.
Mwachidule, kodi ma antibodies a monoclonal awa ndi chiyani?
Tisanamvetse izi, tiyeni tiwone chitetezo chodabwitsa chomwe matupi athu ali nacho. Pamene kachilombo, monga bakiteriya kapena kachilombo, kalowa m'thupi mwathu, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimapanga mapuloteni apadera omwe amatha kuzindikira olowa awa, kuwaphatikiza, ndikuwononga. Timawatcha "alonda," kapena ma antibodies kuti titchule bwino.
Tsopano, ma ``Monoclonal Antibodies`` awa ndi mtundu wa ma antibodies opangidwa mu labu pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera. Awa amapangidwa kuti aukire cholinga chimodzi chokha. Kunena zoona, amapangidwira kuzindikira puloteni inayake pamwamba pa selo la khansa, kuigwira, ndikuwononga selo la khansa .
Izi zili ngati commando wophunzitsidwa bwino amene angapeze mdani pamalo odzaza anthu ndikuukira mdaniyo yekha popanda kuvulaza wina aliyense. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mowononga maselo abwino m'thupi monga chemotherapy yokhazikika, njira iyi yochiritsira ingayembekezeredwe kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa chifukwa ndi yeniyeni.
Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kukula kwa mitsempha yamagazi mu khansa (Angiogenesis Inhibitors)
Khansa si chinthu chomwe chimangomera. Ili ngati chomera. Imafunika chakudya kuti ikhale ndi moyo, ikule, komanso ikule. Kuti ipeze chakudyachi, maselo a khansa amamera mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi mozungulira. Timatcha njira iyi kuti "angiogenesis." Chifukwa chake, ngati tiletsa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka "chakudya ndi zakumwa" ku khansa, titha kuyimitsa kukula kwa khansa, sichoncho? Ndicho chomwe timatcha gulu la mankhwala omwe amachita zimenezo.
Umu ndi momwe Bevacizumab (Avastin) imagwirira ntchito:
Bevacizumab (dzina la kampani: Avastin) ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri m'gululi. Maselo a khansa amatumiza chizindikiro chomwe chimawauza kuti "amange mitsempha yamagazi." Chizindikirochi chimatchedwa vascular endothelial growth factor, kapena VEGF. Chomwe Avastin amachita ndikuletsa chizindikirocho kuti chisafike pamalo omwe chikufunidwa. Mwachidule, chimaletsa "kalata yomanga mitsempha yamagazi" yomwe imatumizidwa ndi khansa ndikuiwononga.
Izi zimaletsa khansa kupanga mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi, zomwe zimachepetsa kukula kwa khansa. Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa ku khansa ya m'matumbo yomwe yafalikira (yomwe yafalikira) ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Ngakhale kuti sangachiritse khansa yonse, kafukufuku wapeza kuti Avastin, ikaperekedwa ndi chemotherapy, imatha kuwonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa odwala ndi miyezi pafupifupi 5 .
`Fruquintinib (Fruzaqla)`, `ramucirumab (Cyramza)`, ndi `ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap)` ndi ena mwa mankhwala atsopano omwe amayang'ananso `VEGF`.
Kodi Avastin imaperekedwa bwanji? Kodi zotsatira zake zimakhala zotani?
Avastin ndi jakisoni wolowetsedwa m'mitsempha (IV). Nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu iliyonse pamodzi ndi chemotherapy.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha mankhwalawa.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala |
|
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri |
|
Mankhwala omwe amakhudza mwachindunji kukula kwa maselo a khansa
Cetuximab (Erbitux) ndi panitumumab (Vectibix) ndi mitundu ina iwiri ya ma antibodies a monoclonal. Izi zimagwira ntchito mosiyana. Zimalimbana ndi puloteni yotchedwa epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pamwamba pa maselo a khansa.
Ganizirani za `EGFR` iyi ngati switch ya `On` yomwe imauza selo la khansa kuti 'ligawikane mwachangu ndikukula kwambiri.' Zomwe mankhwala `Erbitux` ndi `Vectibix` amachita ndikukhala pa switch iyi ndikuyiletsa. Kenako, chizindikiro chachilengedwe chomwe chimauza selo kuti likule sichingayatse switch. Mwanjira imeneyi, kukula kwa maselo a khansa kumayendetsedwa.
Kodi mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa ndani?
Mankhwala onse awiri a Erbitux ndi Vectibix avomerezedwa kuti azitha kuchiza khansa ya m'matumbo yomwe yafalikira mbali zina za thupi.
Katemera wa Erbitux amaperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata, kaya payekha kapena ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy irinotecan (Camptosar). Katemera wa Vectibix amaperekedwa milungu iwiri iliyonse pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena a chemotherapy.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musanapereke mankhwalawa, muyesedwe mayeso apadera a kusintha kwa majini pa maselo anu a khansa kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawa angagwire ntchito pa khansa imeneyo. Izi sizoyenera khansa zonse. Chifukwa chake, mayesowa achitikadi.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake za Erbitux ndi Vectibix ndi ziti?
Mankhwalawa alinso ndi zotsatirapo zake zinazake.
| Zotsatira zoyipa za Erbitux ndi Vectibix | |
|---|---|
| Mavuto a khungu | Matuza ofanana ndi ziphuphu, ziphuphu pakhungu, ndi khungu louma. Koma chodabwitsa n'chakuti, nthawi zina izi zimasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi khansa. |
| Zotsatira zina zoyipa |
|
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ma antibodies a monoclonal ndi mankhwala apamwamba omwe amalimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Amasiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy wamba.
- Mankhwala ena amaletsa magazi kupita ku khansa, pomwe ena amaletsa njira yolumikizirana yomwe imayendetsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa.
- Mankhwala onsewa ali ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe kulandira chithandizo.
- Mankhwalawa si oyenera aliyense. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu kutengera mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo, momwe yafalikira, komanso zotsatira za mayeso apadera a majini.
- Ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi khansa, musachite mantha. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu wa khansa za njira zonse zochiritsira zomwe zilipo, zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, ndipo limbani mtima kuti mulandire chithandizocho.
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