Kodi mukudziwa za khansa yosowa iyi? Tiyeni tikambirane za NUT Carcinoma

Kodi mudamvapo za NUT Carcinoma? Mwina ayi. Chifukwa ndi khansa yosowa, yosowa kwambiri, komanso yomwe ikukula mofulumira. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za khansayi, chifukwa vutoli limatha kuchitika mwa aliyense. Chifukwa chake lero tikambirana za matendawa mwatsatanetsatane, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi NUT Carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, NUT Carcinoma ndi khansa yomwe ikukula mofulumira kwambiri komanso yoopsa . Imaonedwa kuti ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri pa khansa ya squamous cell. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti maselo a squamous ndi ati. Awa ndi mtundu wa maselo omwe amapezeka pakhungu lathu. Sikuti ndi okhawo, komanso ziwalo zina zamkati mwa thupi lathu zimaphimbidwa ndi maselowa.

NUT Carcinoma iyi imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini m'majini athu. Kunena zoona, imayamba chifukwa cha vuto la jini lotchedwa `NUTm1`. Mukudziwa, majini awa amapereka malangizo ku maselo athu amomwe angagwirire ntchito. Chifukwa chake, pakachitika cholakwika mu malangizo awa, kutanthauza `kusintha`, ngakhale maselo athanzi amayamba kusanduka `maselo a khansa`. Kenako maselo a khansa awa amasonkhana ndikupanga `zotupa`.

Kawirikawiri, khansa ya NUT iyi imayamba pakati pa thupi lathu, kapena m'mbali mwa ``midline`` . Ichi ndichifukwa chake kale inkatchedwa NUT-midline carcinoma. Komabe, zotupa izi zimathanso kuchitika m'mbali zina za thupi.

Kodi zotupa za khansa zimenezi zingayambire kuti?

Anthu omwe apezeka ndi NUT Carcinoma amakhala ndi zotupa m'malo otsatirawa m'thupi lawo:

• Mutu, makamaka m'mphuno (izi ndizofala kwambiri)
• Pakhosi (izi zimawonekeranso kawirikawiri)
• M'mapapo (izi ndizofalanso)
• Pakati pa chifuwa, malo omwe mtima ndi mapapo zimakhala ('mediastinum') (izi ndizofalanso)
• Pancreas
• Impso
• Matenda a adrenal
• Mimba
• Chikhodzodzo
• Mu mafupa (`Mafupa`)

Khansa iyi, yotchedwa NUT Carcinoma , imatha kukula ndikufalikira mwachangu kwambiri, ngakhale itachiritsidwa . Ndicho chinthu choopsa kwambiri pa iyo.

Kodi NUT Carcinoma ndi yosowa bwanji?

Iyi imaonedwa kuti ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri . Komabe, pakhoza kukhala odwala ambiri kuposa momwe tikuganizira. International NUT Midline Carcinoma Registry ikunena za milandu 20 yatsopano pachaka.

Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chikuchititsa kuti chiwerengerochi chikhale chochepa ndi vuto lopeza matendawa. Asayansi adapeza kokha chizindikiro chachikulu cha khansa iyi, ``kusintha`` mu jini ya ``NUTm1```, mu 2004. Chifukwa chake, si zipatala zonse zomwe zili ndi ``zipangizo zoyesera`` zomwe zimatha kuzindikira jini iyi.

Taganizirani ngati kupeza matenda atsopano. Zimatenga nthawi kuti mayeso oyenera apezeke kulikonse.

Komanso, NUT Carcinoma imasokonezedwa mosavuta ndi mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya khansa. Ndizotheka kudziwa molondola ngati khansa ndi NUT Carcinoma ngati kusintha kwa majini a `NUTm1` kwapezeka. Anthu ena omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya `mutu ndi khosi`, `khansa ya m'mapapo`, ndi mitundu ina ya khansa akhoza kukhala ndi kusintha kwa majini kumeneku.

Koma tsopano, chifukwa chakuti chidziwitso cha mtundu uwu wa khansa chawonjezeka, ndipo chifukwa chakuti ukadaulo wozindikira kusintha kwa majini uku wakula, kwakhala kosavuta kwa akatswiri a khansa kuzindikira khansa ya NUT kuposa kale.

Ndani amadwala matenda a NUT Carcinoma?

Khansa iyi imapezeka kwambiri mwa achinyamata . Avereji ya zaka zomwe munthu amadwala matendawa ndi zaka pafupifupi 24. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi theka la omwe apezeka ndi khansa ali ndi zaka zosakwana 24, ndipo theka lina ndi lachikulire.

Komabe, khansa iyi imatha kufalikira mwa aliyense . Yapezeka mwa makanda obadwa kumene, komanso mwa anthu azaka za m'ma 80. Choncho sizingatheke kuganiza kuti sizingachitike kutengera zaka zokha.

Kodi zizindikiro za NUT Carcinoma ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, khansa iyi siionetsa zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro . Zizindikiro zimayamba kuonekera khansa ikakula pang'ono ndikuyamba kukhudza minofu yozungulira chotupacho. Panthawiyo, nthawi zambiri mumadzimva kutopa komanso kusasangalala.

Popeza zotupa nthawi zambiri zimakula m'mapapo ndi m'makowa a sinus, zizindikiro zomwe zimafotokozedwa kwambiri zimagwirizana nazo.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino:

• Kutopa/kutopa kwambiri (`Kutopa`)
• Kuchepetsa thupi kosamveka bwino
• Chotupa chopweteka kapena kutupa (`Chilonda chopweteka`)

Zizindikiro za sinus cyst:

• Kupanikizika kwa sinus, kupsinjika, kapena kupweteka
• Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi
• Kutsekeka kwa mphuno kapena kudzaza
• Kutaya fungo lanu

Zizindikiro za chotupa cha m'mapapo:

• Kupuma movutikira kapena kuvutika kupuma
• Chifuwa chosatha (chifuwa chosatha chomwe sichimatha)

Musaope NUT Carcinoma chifukwa chakuti muli ndi zizindikiro izi. Koma ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira,Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala ndikupeza upangiri.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa khansa ya m’thupi ya NUT?

Khansa iyi imayamba chifukwa cha kuphatikiza majini awiri osiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa jini yachilendo yosakanikirana (`jini losakanikirana` kapena `jini losakanikirana`). Mwa wodwala aliyense amene ali ndi NUT Carcinoma, jini ya `NUTm1` imaphatikizidwa ndi jini ina yomwe siyenera kugwirizanitsidwa nayo. Jini ya `NUTm1` siyambitsa khansa yokha, koma jini yatsopanoyi yosakanikirana ndi yomwe imayambitsa maselo a khansa kukula.

Pa anthu pafupifupi 75% omwe ali ndi khansa ya NUT, jini ya `NUTm1` imaphatikizidwa ndi jini ya `BRD4`. Pa anthu enanso 15%, jini ya `NUTm1` imaphatikizidwa ndi jini ya `BRD3`. Nthawi zambiri, imatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi majini ena.

Asayansi sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa majini kumeneku. Koma chinthu chimodzi n'chodziwikiratu: sichobadwa nacho. Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa, monga kusuta fodya komanso kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa, sizikukhudzidwa. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti timvetse zomwe zimakhudza kusintha kwa majini kumeneku.

Kodi NUT Carcinoma imapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira matendawa kudzera mu biopsy. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu yaing'ono kuchokera ku chotupacho pogwiritsa ntchito singano yapadera yopanda kanthu. Kenako chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu kuti akayesedwe ngati ali ndi maselo a khansa.

Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsanso ntchito njira zapadera zojambulira kuti aone chotupa mkati mwa thupi lanu ndikudziwa siteji yake. Kuyesa khansa ndi njira yodziwira kuopsa kwa khansa, kutengera kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira (chofalikira) kuchokera ku chotupa choyamba kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Kufalikira kwa khansa kumachitika pamene maselo a khansa amachoka ku chotupa choyambirira, kuyenda kudzera m'madzi am'magazi kapena m'magazi, ndikupanga zotupa zatsopano m'ziwalo kapena minofu yakutali.

Kujambula kwa CT ndi MRI kungawonetse komwe chotupa chili m'thupi. Kujambula kwa PET kungadziwe ngati khansa yafalikira.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti adziwe matendawa?

Kuyesa kwapadera kotchedwa `Immunohistochemistry` kumachitika mu labotale kuti adziwe ngati jini ya `NUTm1` ilipo mu chitsanzo cha biopsy. Ngati jini ya `NUTm1` ilipo mu chitsanzo (`positive`), imapezedwa kuti ndi NUT Carcinoma.

Mayeso ena omwe angachite kuti adziwe jini iyi ndi mayeso a Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) kapena mayeso ena apadera a majini.

Kodi NUT Carcinoma imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Mukhoza kuchotsa chotupacho.Opaleshoni ndi chithandizo cha radiation zingafunike. Ngati khansa yafalikira kupitirira chotupa, chemotherapy ingaperekedwenso. Nthawi zambiri, chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi zimaperekedwa pamodzi.

Komabe, kuchiza khansa ya NUT ndi kovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale chithandizo chitaletsa khansa kuti isakule kwambiri, imayamba kukula ndikufalikira pakapita nthawi.

Chofunika kwambiri nthawi ngati izi ndikukhala olimba mtima. Tiyenera kumvetsera zomwe madokotala akunena ndikukumana nazo limodzi.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi NUT Carcinoma, mayeso azachipatala angakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira . Mayeso azachipatala ndi maphunziro omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zochiritsira kapena njira zochiritsira. Asayansi pakadali pano akufufuza chithandizo cholunjika cha NUT Carcinoma. Thandizo lolunjika ndi chithandizo chomwe chimayang'ana kusintha kwa majini komwe kumapangitsa kuti selo lathanzi likhale khansa.

Chimodzi mwa njira zochizira khansa ya NUT ndi zoletsa za `BET` . Mankhwalawa amayang'ana majini awiri, `BRD4` ndi `BRD3`, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi jini ya `NUTm1`. Zoletsa izi, pamodzi ndi jini ya `NUTm1`, zimaletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa.

Kodi NUT Carcinoma ingachiritsidwe?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala a NUT Carcinoma. Ndi khansa yomwe ikukula mofulumira kwambiri yomwe imafalikira mwachangu ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Pa avareji, anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo amakhala ndi moyo kwa miyezi pafupifupi 10 atapezeka ndi matendawa. Anthu awiri kapena atatu mwa khumi aliwonse omwe amapezeka ndi NUT Carcinoma amakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka ziwiri.

Koma, monga momwe zilili ndi khansa iliyonse, nthawi yomwe mungayambire, kapena momwe mungayankhire bwino mukalandira chithandizo, zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Malo omwe chotupacho chili, kaya chingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni kapena chithandizo cha radiation, komanso maphunziro ena asonyeza kuti majini ena omwe ali ndi jini ya NUTm1 nawonso amachita nawo gawo.

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zolinga za chithandizo kutengera matenda anu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi anthu omwe mumawadalira komanso omwe mumawathandiza panthawiyi. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zonse zomwe zilipo kuti zikuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa.

Chisamaliro cha palliative kuchokera kwa dokotala wanuDziwani zambiri za mautumiki. Akatswiri osamalira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kupweteka kwa mutu angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto atsopano omwe mukukumana nawo chifukwa cha matendawa. Angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi radiation, komanso kukuthandizani kuthana ndi maudindo a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe amabwera ndi khansa.

Kumbukirani, simuli nokha. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo ndi chithandizo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu panthawi ngati iyi. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Kodi khansa yafalikira?
• Kodi ndikufunika kuonana ndi katswiri kapena kupita kuchipatala chapadera kuti ndikalandire chithandizo?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha chithandizo ndi ziti?
• Kodi zolinga za chithandizo ndi ziti?
• Kodi mungandithandize kupeza chithandizo china, kuphatikizapo chisamaliro cha palliative?

Chithandizo cha NUT Carcinoma nthawi zambiri chimakhala chovuta kwambiri. Ndi maulendo afupipafupi kwa dokotala wa khansa komanso kupsinjika maganizo tsiku ndi tsiku, kuthana ndi matenda a khansa kungakhale kovuta. Zida zachipatala monga chisamaliro cha palliative zingathandize. Ndipo kufikira okondedwa anu kungakhale gwero lalikulu la mphamvu. Kuyambira nthawi yomwe mwalandira matendawa, ndikofunikira kulankhula momasuka ndi gulu lanu losamalira khansa kuti mumvetse njira zabwino kwambiri zosamalira mtsogolo. Zomwe aliyense amakumana nazo ndi khansa zimasiyana. Gulu lanu lachipatala lilipo kuti likutsogolereni panthawi yovutayi.

Zinthu zofunika kuzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• NUT Carcinoma ndi khansa yosowa, koma imafalikira mofulumira kwambiri, komanso yoopsa.
• Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini a ``NUTm1``. Ichi si chinthu chomwe chimabadwa nacho.
• Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera khansa ikayamba pang'ono. Musanyalanyaze, ndipo funsani upangiri kwa dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zachilendo zomwe zikupitirira.
• Kuti mudziwe matenda a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi ndi majini apadera kumafunika.
• Chithandizo ndi chovuta, koma kafukufuku akuchitika pa njira zatsopano zochizira. Mayeso azachipatala angakhale njira yabwino.
• Chisamaliro chothandiza odwala kuvutika maganizo komanso chithandizo cha okondedwa anu n'kofunika kwambiri paulendowu.
• Kambiranani momasuka za chilichonse ndi gulu lanu lachipatala.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Kudziwa za matendawa kudzakuthandizani kupanga zisankho zoyenera nthawi ikakwana.

` NUT Khansa, khansa, kusintha kwa majini, khansa zosowa, khansa ya squamous cell, zizindikiro za khansa, chithandizo cha khansa