Tonsefe tikudziwa kufunika kwa calcium m'matupi athu, makamaka mafupa ndi mano athu. Koma kodi mumadziwa za 'manager' wamng'ono mkati mwa matupi athu amene amalamulira bwino kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi mwathu? Gawo laling'ono, koma lamphamvu kwambiri limatchedwa parathyroid glands. Tikulankhula za ana aang'ono awa lero.
Mwachidule, kodi ma glands a parathyroid amenewa ndi chiyani?
Tangoganizirani, mwamvapo za chithokomiro chooneka ngati gulugufe m'khosi mwanu. Kumbuyo kwa chithokomiro, mkati mwake, kuli tinthu tina tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tofanana ndi nandolo zinayi . Izi ndi gawo la dongosolo la endocrine la thupi lathu.
Kawirikawiri, aliyense amakhala ndi ma glands anayi. Komabe, anthu ena amakhala ndi zocheperapo kapena kuposerapo zinayi. Zimenezo ndi zachilendo.
Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chimachitika ndi tinthu tating’onoting’ono timeneti?
Ma glands a parathyroid awa ali ndi ntchito imodzi yokha, koma yofunika kwambiri. Ntchito yake ndi kupanga ndi kutulutsa hormone ya parathyroid, kapena (PTH) m'thupi.
Homoni iyi (PTH) ndiyo imasunga calcium m'magazi mwathu pamlingo woyenera. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi thermostat mu AC ya m'nyumba. Kutentha kukakwera, kumatsika, ndipo kukatsika, kumawonjezeka. Pamene calcium m'magazi ikachepa, homoni (PTH) imatulutsidwa ndikuwonjezeka. Pamene calcium ikakwera, kutulutsidwa kwa (PTH) kumachepa.
Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa calcium m’magazi n’kofunika kwambiri?
99% ya calcium yonse m'thupi lathu ili m'mafupa ndi mano athu. 1% yotsalayo ili m'magazi athu. Kuchuluka kochepa kumeneko kumachita zonsezi:
- Ntchito ya mitsempha: Calcium ndi yofunika kwambiri potumiza mauthenga kudzera m'mitsempha yathu.
- Kupindika kwa minofu: Timasuntha miyendo yathu, timayenda, zonsezi zimafuna kupindika kwa minofu. Zimenezo zimafuna calcium.
- Kutseka magazi: Mukavulala, magazi anu amafunika kutseka kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Calcium imathandizanso pa njirayi.
- Pa ntchito ya mtima: Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mtima wathu ugwire bwino ntchito.
Kumbukirani, vitamini D ndi yofunikanso kuti matupi athu azitha kuyamwa calcium. Chifukwa chake, vitamini D imathandizanso kwambiri kuti tiziwalo ta parathyroid tigwire ntchito.
Matenda akuluakulu okhudzana ndi matenda a parathyroid
Pali mavuto ndi ntchito ya tiziwalo timeneti, tomwe timachita mopitirira muyeso komanso tomwe timachepa. Tikukamba makamaka za matenda awiri.
1. Hyperparathyroidism - kupanga kwambiri mahomoni
Izi zimachitika pamene gland imodzi kapena zingapo za parathyroid zimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikupanga parathyroid hormone (PTH) yambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti calcium m'magazi ikwere kwambiri moopsa. Timatcha izi hypercalcemia .
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo izi:
- Matenda a Hyperparathyroidism Oyamba: Pankhaniyi, vuto limakhala m'matenda a gland okha. Choyambitsa chachikulu ndi chotupa chosakhala khansa chotchedwa parathyroid adenoma mu gland imodzi. Kawirikawiri, vutoli limathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi khansa ya parathyroid. Koma zimenezo sizimachitika kawirikawiri, choncho musadandaule.
- Hyperparathyroidism Yachiwiri: Pa vutoli, tiziwalo timeneti timagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso chifukwa cha vuto lina. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene impso zake sizigwira ntchito bwino kapena amene ali ndi vuto la vitamini D akhoza kukhala ndi calcium yochepa m'thupi lake. Poyankha, tiziwalo timeneti timayamba kupanga mahomoni ambiri.
| Zizindikiro za hyperparathyroidism (kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi) | |
|---|---|
| Kukodza pafupipafupi komanso ludzu lochuluka | Kutopa kwambiri kwa thupi ndi kutopa |
| Ululu m'mafupa ndi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa | Mutu, nseru, ndi kusanza |
| Kudzimbidwa ndi kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya | Kuiwala, kuvutika maganizo, ndi kukwiya msanga |
| Kupweteka kwa minofu, kufooka, ndi kupweteka m'mimba | Kuopsa kwa miyala ya impso |
2. Hypoparathyroidism - mahomoni osakwanira
Vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri kuposa lomwe linachitika kale. Limachitika pamene ma glands a parathyroid sapanga mahomoni okwanira (PTH).Izi zimapangitsa kuti calcium m'magazi itsike moopsa kwambiri. Timatcha izi kuti hypocalcemia .
Chifukwa chachikulu cha vutoli ndi kuwonongeka mwangozi kapena kuchotsedwa kwa ma gland a parathyroid panthawi ya opaleshoni ya khosi, makamaka opaleshoni ya thyroid. Kuphatikiza apo, vutoli likhozanso kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda enaake a majini ndi matenda a autoimmune.
| Zizindikiro za Hypoparathyroidism (calcium yochepa m'magazi) | |
|---|---|
| Kusanza pamilomo, m'manja, ndi m'mapazi | Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kwa minofu |
| Kupweteka m'mimba | Ubongo ndi chisokonezo |
| Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Arrhythmia) | Misomali yofooka, tsitsi louma ndi khungu |
| Matenda a Cataract | Kufooka kwa enamel ya mano mwa ana aang'ono |
Kodi timasunga bwanji ma glands amenewa kukhala athanzi?
Tizilombo ta parathyroid kwenikweni tili mkati mwa khosi ndipo timatetezedwa bwino. Choncho sitiwonongeka mosavuta ndi zoopsa zakunja. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tithandize tizilomboti kugwira ntchito yawo bwino.
- Pezani vitamini D wokwanira: Vitamini D ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti calcium m'magazi ikhale yokhazikika. M'dziko lathu, timapeza vitamini D wambiri kuchokera ku dzuwa. Ndi bwino kwambiri kudziika padzuwa kwa kanthawi kochepa m'mawa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo musankhe ngati mukufuna vitamini D yowonjezera.
- Onjezerani calcium yokwanira muzakudya zanu:Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Magwero abwino a calcium ndi monga mkaka, yogati, tchizi, nsomba zazing'ono (kuphatikizapo mackerel), ndi ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira (sipinachi, kale). Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza zakudya zanu, funsani dokotala.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe tatchula pamwambapa. Kuyezetsa magazi kosavuta kungathe kuzindikira mosavuta ngati pali vuto poyang'ana kuchuluka kwa calcium ndi (PTH) m'magazi.
Ngakhale kuti ma parathyroid glands ndi amodzi mwa ziwalo zazing'ono kwambiri m'thupi, mwina tsopano mukumvetsa momwe amakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a thupi lathu lonse. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamala matupi athu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ma glands a parathyroid ndi tinthu tinayi tating'onoting'ono m'khosi mwathu tomwe timalamulira kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi.
- Ngati hormone ya parathyroid (PTH) yopangidwa ndi tiziwalo timeneti ikuwonjezeka (hyperparathyroidism) kapena kuchepa (hypoparathyroidism), mavuto azaumoyo angabuke.
- Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi ndi kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka kwa mafupa, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi.
- Kusanza m'zala ndi kugwedezeka kwa minofu kungakhale zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa calcium m'magazi.
- Kupeza vitamini D ndi calcium yokwanira ndikofunikira kuti parathyroid igwire bwino ntchito.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena kukayikira kulikonse pankhaniyi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni upangiri.
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