Tiyeni tiphunzire za ma glands anu a parathyroid. Ntchito yaikulu imene ngwazi zazing'onozi zimachita!

Lero tikambirana za tinthu tating'onoting'ono koma tofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Mwina simunamve zambiri za tinthuti. Tinthuti timatchedwa tinthu ta parathyroid. Ngakhale kuti ndi tating'onoting'ono ngati nandolo, tinthuti tili ngati ngwazi zomwe zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa calcium m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili, zomwe zimachita, komanso mavuto omwe angayambitse.

Kodi ma glands a parathyroid awa ndi ati?

Mwachidule, tinthu ta parathyroid timeneti ndi tinthu tinayi tating'onoting'ono ta endocrine tomwe timabisala kumbuyo kwa tinthu ta thyroid m'khosi mwathu. Tinthu ta parathyroid timatulutsa ndikutulutsa timadzi tofunikira totchedwa Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) . Timadzitoti timathandiza kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi mwathu. Kodi sikofunikira?

Kodi tili ndi ma glands angati a parathyroid?

Anthu ambiri ali ndi ma parathyroid glands anayi. Koma kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi ma parathyroid glands ocheperapo kapena opitilira anayi. Si nkhani yaikulu, kaya chiwerengerocho ndi chotani, bola ngati akugwira ntchito bwino.

Kodi kwenikweni chimachitika ndi chiyani ku ma glands a parathyroid awa?

Ma glands anu a parathyroid ali ndi ntchito imodzi yayikulu: kupanga parathyroid hormone (PTH) ndikuyitulutsa m'magazi mwanu. Homoni iyi, pamodzi ndi homoni ina yotchedwa calcitonin (yopangidwa ndi thyroid gland), imagwira ntchito yowongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi mwanu. Taganizirani izi, calcium yambiri m'magazi mwanu ingayambitse mavuto, ndipo yochepa kwambiri ingayambitse mavuto. Chifukwa chake dongosololi liyenera kugwira ntchito bwino.

N’chifukwa chiyani calcium ndi yofunika kwambiri m’thupi lathu?

Calcium ndi mchere wofunika kwambiri komanso wofala m'thupi lathu. 99% ya calcium yonse m'thupi lanu imasungidwa m'mafupa ndi mano anu . 1% ina imazungulira m'magazi. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi yochepa, calcium iyi m'magazi ndi yofunika kwambiri. Kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake?

• Mitsempha yanu iyenera kugwira ntchito bwino . Taganizirani izi, mukafuna kukhudza chinthu, uthengawo umadutsa m'mitsempha. Zimenezo zimafuna calcium.
• Thandizani minofu yanu kukokana ndikukuthandizani kuyenda . Mukakweza mkono kapena kuyenda, minofu imagwira ntchito. Calcium ndi yofunika kwambiri pa izi.
• Ngati muli ndi bala ndipo mukutuluka magazi, thandizani magazi kuundana . Kupanda kutero, ngakhale bala laling'ono lingakhale vuto lalikulu.
• Mtima wanu umafunika calcium kuti ugwire ntchito bwino . Minofu ya mtima imafunanso calcium kuti igwire bwino ntchito.

Taonani kuchuluka kwa kashiamu kakang'ono aka komwe kangathandize! Komanso, Vitamini D ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti calcium ikhale m'magazi. Chifukwa thupi lathu limafunikira vitamini D kuti lizitha kuyamwa calcium kuchokera muzakudya. Timapeza vitamini D kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo imapezekanso mu zakudya zina.

Kodi ma glands a parathyroid awa ali kuti?

Kwa anthu ambiri (pafupifupi 80%), tinthu tina ta parathyroid timeneti timakhala ngati gulugufe m'khosi mwanu, tobisika kumbuyo kwake. Kawirikawiri, pamakhala tinthu tambiri mbali zonse ziwiri za "mapiko" awiri a tinthu ta thyroid.

Komabe, nthawi zina ma thyroid glands anu amatha kupezeka pakhosi panu, m'mphepete mwa mmero, kapena pachifuwa chanu (monga momwe zilili , mu mediastinum, pakati pa chifuwa). Madokotala amatcha ma thyroid glands awa kuti 'ectopic' , zomwe zikutanthauza "pamalo osazolowereka." Pafupifupi 16% ya anthu akhoza kukhala ndi ma thyroid glands awa.

Kukhala ndi ma 'ectopic' parathyroid glands nthawi zambiri sikoyenera kuda nkhawa. Komabe, ngati chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izo zikupanga PTH yochuluka, zingakhale zovuta kwa dokotala wanu kuzipeza ngati zikufunika kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.

Kodi ma glands a parathyroid amawoneka bwanji?

Tizilombo ta parathyroid timeneti ndi tating'ono kwambiri - tonse tili ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a nandolo . Koma mwa anthu ena, tizilomboti timatha kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikukulirakulira.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza ma glands a parathyroid?

Pali matenda awiri akuluakulu okhudzana ndi matenda a parathyroid: hyperparathyroidism ndi hypoparathyroidism . Tiyeni tikambirane za vuto lililonse.

Kodi hyperparathyroidism ndi chiyani?

Izi zimachitika pamene gland imodzi kapena zingapo za parathyroid gland zimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndipo zimatulutsa hormone ya parathyroid (PTH) yambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti calcium m'magazi anu ikwere pamwamba pa mlingo wabwinobwino. Timatcha izi hypercalcemia .

Pali njira zina zomwe ma glands anu a parathyroid angapangire mahomoni ambiri mwachilengedwe:

• Poyankha matenda ena.
• Ngati mulibe vitamini D okwanira.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la impso, kuti muthandize kukhala ndi calcium m'magazi.

Madokotala amatcha vutoli kuti secondary hyperparathyroidism . Ngati izi zikupitirira kwa nthawi yayitali, zingayambitse mavuto ena azaumoyo, monga kufooka kwa mafupa.

Kumbali ina, nthawi zina pamakhala vuto ndi ma thyroid glands anu enieni (chinthu chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji ma thyroid glands okha) chomwe chingapangitse kuti azichita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimakweza calcium m'magazi mwanu. Izi ndi zomwe madokotala amatcha primary hyperparathyroidism .

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la primary hyperparathyroidism saona zizindikiro chifukwa hypercalcemia nthawi zambiri imapezeka msanga, monga pamene magazi ayesedwa pazifukwa zina.

Komabe, pazochitika zazikulu komanso/kapena za nthawi yayitali za hypercalcemia, zizindikiro monga:

• Kukodza pafupipafupi.
• Ludzu lochuluka (polydipsia).
• Kutopa .
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa.
• Mutu.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kudzimbidwa.
• Kuchepa kwa chilakolako.
• Kuiwala, kuvutika maganizo, kapena kukwiya msanga .
• Kupweteka kwa minofu, kufooka, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi/kapena kugwedezeka.

Kodi adenoma ya parathyroid ndi chiyani?

Parathyroid adenoma ndi chotupa chosayambitsa khansa , chofanana ndi chotupa chaching'ono, chomwe chimayamba pa gland imodzi kapena zingapo za parathyroid. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha hyperparathyroidism yoyamba. Musadandaule, si khansa. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limathetsedwa pochotsa chotupacho ndi opaleshoni.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za khansa ya parathyroid.

Khansa ya parathyroid ingayambitsenso hyperparathyroidism yoyamba. Komabe, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri . Khansa ya parathyroid imangokhala 0.005% yokha ya khansa zonse. Komanso, khansa imeneyi imagwira pakati pa 0.5% ndi 1% ya matenda onse okhudzana ndi ma thyroid glands a parathyroid.

Kodi Hypoparathyroidism ndi chiyani?

Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa parathyroid hormone `(PTH)` m'magazi mwanu kumachepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti calcium m'magazi mwanu ichepe - timatcha kuti hypocalcemia - ndipo phosphorous m'magazi mwanu ichuluke - timatcha hyperphosphatemia .

Pafupifupi 75% ya milandu ya hypoparathyroidism imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka mwangozi kwa ma gland a parathyroid panthawi ya opaleshoni ya khosi kapena opaleshoni ya chithokomiro . Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda ena a majini ndi autoimmune.

Pokhapokha ngati chifukwa chake ndi opaleshoni, hypoparathyroidism nthawi zambiri imayamba pang'onopang'ono, kotero zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zochepa. Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo:

• Kulira kwa milomo, zala, ndi zala zakumapazi .
• Kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Kupweteka m'mimba.
• "Ubongo wa chifunga" kapena chisokonezo.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka / arrhythmia.
• Misomali yofooka.
• Tsitsi louma komanso khungu louma komanso lokhala ndi zipsera.
• Ma cataract.
• Enamel ya dzino lofooka (mwa ana).

Kodi ndingatani kuti ndisunge ma glands anga a parathyroid athanzi?

Popeza ma glands anu a parathyroid ali otetezedwa bwino kumbuyo kwa glands yanu ya thyroid, sawonongeka mosavuta. Simukuyenera kuchita chilichonse chapadera kuti ma glands awa akhale athanzi. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti ma glands anu a parathyroid asunge calcium m'magazi mwanu moyenera:

• Onetsetsani kuti mukupeza vitamini D wokwanira: Vitamini D ndi wofunikira kuti mukhale ndi calcium m'magazi. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna kumwa vitamini D yowonjezera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mukamakhala padzuwa masana.
• Onetsetsani kuti mukupeza calcium yokwanira muzakudya zanu: Kusowa calcium m'thupi lanu kungayambitse mavuto a calcium m'magazi. Magwero abwino a calcium ndi monga mkaka, yogurt, tchizi, ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira, ndi nsomba zazing'ono (zodyedwa ndi mafupa). Ngati simukudziwa ngati mukupeza calcium yokwanira muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wovomerezeka wazakudya.

Kumbukirani, awa ndi malangizo chabe. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, muyenera kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala. Musadzipatse mankhwala.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ma gland anu a parathyroid ndi ang'onoang'ono, koma amphamvu omwe ndi ofunikira kuti calcium m'magazi mwanu ikhale yokhazikika. Anthu ambiri saganizirapo za iwo - kapena kumva za iwo - mpaka china chake chitalakwika. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za calcium yambiri m'magazi (hypercalcemia) kapena calcium yochepa m'magazi (hypocalcemia), uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Akhoza kuchita mayeso osavuta a magazi kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa ndikukupatsani chithandizo chofunikira.

Kudziwa za tinthu tating'onoting'onoti n'kofunika kwambiri pa thanzi lanu lonse. Chifukwa ntchito yomwe amachita mwakachetechete ndi yayikulu kwambiri! Khalani athanzi!

" Matenda a Parathyroid, calcium, parathyroid hormone, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, vitamini D, mahomoni"