Amayi oyembekezera, dziwani izi zokhudza kutsuka mabokosi a zinyalala za amphaka (Toxoplasmosis)

Moni! Kodi ndinu mayi wachikondi amene akuyembekezera mwana? Ndiye kuti muli ndi mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu masiku ano, sichoncho? Makamaka ngati muli ndi mphaka m'nyumba mwanu, muyenera kuti munali ndi funso lakuti, 'Kodi kuli bwino ndikatsuka bokosi lawo la zinyalala panthawiyi?' Kotero lero tikambirana za izi mwatsatanetsatane. Musadandaule, uku ndi kukambirana chabe kuti ndikuphunzitseni.

N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zimbudzi za amphaka zimenezi?

Mwachidule, pali matenda ang'onoang'ono omwe tingatenge kuchokera kwa amphaka, makamaka kwa amayi apakati ndi makanda awo osabadwa. Tikutcha izi toxoplasmosis m'mawu azachipatala. Uwu ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tating'ono kwambiri tokhala ndi selo limodzi lomwe silikuwoneka ndi maso. Taganizirani ngati kachirombo kakang'ono komwe kangayambitse matenda ngati kalowa m'thupi mwathu. Dzina la tizilomboti ndi Toxoplasma gondii.

Ndiye amphaka amatenga bwanji Toxoplasmosis?

Amphaka nthawi zambiri amatenga matendawa akamapita kukasaka makoswe, mbalame, agologolo, kapena nyama zina zazing'ono. Nyama ya nyama zimenezi ingakhale ndi ma cysts a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Toxoplasma). Mphaka akadya nyama yotereyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'thupi la mphaka. Kapena, ngati mphaka adya nyama yaiwisi (monga ng'ombe, nkhumba, nkhosa) yomwe sinaphikidwe bwino, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingakhalenso m'nyama imeneyo, kotero mphakayo akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli.

Kenako, tizilombo toyambitsa matendati timachulukana m'matumbo a mphaka ndipo timatuluka ndi ndowe zawo ngati spores zapadera zotchedwa ``oocysts.'' Apa ndi pamene vuto limayamba. Zimatenga pakati pa tsiku limodzi ndi asanu mphaka atachita chimbudzi kuti ``oocysts'' izi zitipangitse kukhala ndi kachilombo. Chifukwa chake, ngati tikhudza chimbudzi chomwe chili ndi ndowezo, ndiko kuti, ngati tipita kukachiyeretsa, ``oocysts'' izi zitha kulowa m'manja mwathu. Kenako, ngati tidya chakudya popanda kusamba m'manja mwathu bwino, kapena ngati tikhudza pakamwa pathu, mphuno, kapena maso athu, izi zitha kulowanso m'thupi mwathu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mayi wapakati atenga Toxoplasmosis? Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mwana?

Apa ndi pamene tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale munthu wamkulu wathanzi, komanso mayi woyembekezera, sangasonyeze zizindikiro zazikulu ngakhale atakhala ndi kachilombo ka "Toxoplasmosis". Akhoza kukhala ndi malungo pang'ono, kupweteka kwa thupi, komanso kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes (monga chimfine) komwe kumatha pakatha masiku ochepa. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Chifukwa chake, sangadziwe kuti atenga kachilomboka.

Komabe, ngakhale sizingayambitse mavuto aakulu kwa mayi, zimatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo kwambiri. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati mayiyo atenga matendawa mu trimester yoyamba ya mimba.

Kodi zingabweretse mavuto otani kwa mwana?

Izi ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Kufalikira kwa matendawa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana kumatchedwa congenital toxoplasmosis.Izi zingayambitse mwana kukhala ndi mavuto monga:

• Kubereka mwana nthawi isanakwane n'kotheka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana amabadwa asanakwanitse milungu 37 ya mimba.
• Kukula kwa mwana kumatha kusokonekera . Mwanayo akhoza kubadwa ndi kulemera kochepa.
• Maso amatha kuonongeka kwambiri . Retina imatha kuonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maso aziona molakwika kapena kutayika kwathunthu. Zina mwa matenda amenewa zimapezeka munthu akangobadwa, pomwe zina zimatha kuonekera patapita zaka zambiri.
• Ubongo ukhoza kuwonongeka . Kuchulukana kwa madzi mu ubongo (hydrocephalus), ubongo waung'ono (microcephaly), ndi calcium mu ubongo kungachedwetse kukula kwa ubongo wa mwana, kumayambitsa mavuto ophunzirira, komanso kumayambitsa matenda monga khunyu.
• Nthawi zina, koma zosasangalatsa, kutaya mimba kapena ngakhale kubereka mwana wakufa kungachitike.
• Kawirikawiri, ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi ndulu zingakhudzidwe.

Zotsatirazi sizifanana kwa mwana aliyense. Ana ena sangasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse akangobadwa, koma mavutowa angabwere pambuyo pake.

Ndiye tingadziteteze bwanji ku `(Toxoplasmosis)`? Kupewa ndiye chinthu chabwino kwambiri!

Inde, musadandaule. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tidziteteze ku izi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi ndowe za amphaka ndikudziwa njira zina zomwe zingafalikire.

Choyamba: Uzani wina kuti ayeretse bokosi la zinyalala za amphaka.

Ngati muli ndi pakati, nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke, funsani munthu wina m'nyumba (mwamuna, mayi, bambo, mchimwene) kuti ayeretse bokosi la zinyalala la mphaka. Iyi ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri. Komanso, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeretsa bokosi la zinyalala tsiku lililonse. Monga ndanenera kale, mphaka akachita chimbudzi, zimatenga pakati pa tsiku limodzi ndi asanu kuti ziwalo zofanana ndi dzira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "(Toxoplasma)" m'ndowezo zikhale "sporulate" (maocysts) omwe angatipatsire matenda. Chifukwa chake ngati muwayeretsa tsiku lililonse, mutha kuchotsa "maocysts" amenewo asanayambe kupatsirana matenda, zomwe zingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezocho. Komanso mukumbutseni munthuyo kuti asambe m'manja mwake bwino ndi sopo akamaliza kutsuka.

Kodi mungatani ngati mutayenera kuyeretsa nokha chisokonezocho?

Tangoganizani kuti palibe wina aliyense panyumba ndipo muyenera kuchita zonse nokha. Mu mkhalidwe wotere, ngakhale mutachita monyinyirika, onetsetsani kuti mwachita izi:

• Valani magolovesi ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
• Ngati n'kotheka, valani chigoba (ngakhale kuti izi zimachepetsa matenda opatsirana mwachindunji, ndi bwino chifukwa zimachepetsa kukhudzana ndi zinthu monga fumbi).
• Tsukani chimbudzi, chotsani ndowe mosamala, ndipo tsekani chikwama cha zinyalala mwamphamvu. Ngati n'kotheka, chiyikeni mu chidebe cha zinyalala chakunja m'malo mochisunga m'nyumba.
• Pambuyo pake,Chotsani magolovesi, ikani sopo ndikusamba m'manja bwino kwa mphindi imodzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka misomali yanu bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa kokha sikungakhale kokwanira panthawiyi, chifukwa sikukhudza kwambiri ma oocysts. Chifukwa chake, kusamba m'manja ndi sopo ndi madzi ndikwabwino kwambiri.
• Sungani chimbudzi chanu kukhala choyera.

Zinthu zomwe muyenera kusamalira mphaka wanu wokondedwa

Kupatula kudziteteza tokha, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingathandize kuteteza amphaka ku matendawa:

• Sungani mphaka wanu m'nyumba. Amasaka akatuluka panja, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza Toxoplasmosis.
• Chakudya chouma kapena cha m'zitini chokha chomwe chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa mphaka wanu. Musapatse mphaka wanu nyama yaiwisi kapena yosaphikidwa bwino (makamaka nkhumba, nkhosa, nyama ya ng'ombe).
• Mukakhala ndi pakati, musabweretse mphaka watsopano, makamaka mphaka, m'nyumba. Chifukwa sitikudziwa ngati ali ndi matendawa kapena ayi. Musapite kukakhudza mphaka mumsewu.
• Funsani dokotala wa ziweto za thanzi la mphaka wanu ndipo funsani upangiri. Perekani mphaka wanu mankhwala oyenera a nyongolotsi.

Zizolowezi zina zaukhondo zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa nthawi zonse mukakhala ndi pakati

Toxoplasmosis siimangofalikira kudzera m'ndowe za amphaka. Palinso njira zina. Choncho dziwani izi:

• Ngati mukugwira ntchito m'munda kapena mukusamalira dothi, onetsetsani kuti mwavala magolovesi. Dothi likhozanso kukhala ndi "oocysts" ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (yomwe yaipitsidwa ndi ndowe za amphaka ena). Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino mukamaliza ntchito.
• Tsukani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino pansi pa madzi othamanga musanadye. Makamaka ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimamera pansi (monga letesi, sipinachi, kaloti) ndi zipatso zomwe zimadyedwa ndi khungu (monga sitiroberi, mphesa) ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino.
• Phikani nyama bwino. Pewani nyama yosaphikidwa bwino kapena yapinki. Phikani nyama kutentha kwa mkati mwa thupi kwa madigiri 70 Celsius (160°F). Ma cysts a Toxoplasma amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwambiri.
• Musamwe kapena kudya mkaka ndi tchizi zosaphikidwa kuchokera mmenemo.
• Ndikofunikira kusamba m'manja bwino musanakonze ndi kudya chakudya, eti? Komanso, musadule ndiwo zamasamba zosaphikidwa pa bolodi lomwelo monga nyama ndi nsomba zosaphika. Gwiritsani ntchito matabwa osiyana odulira.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ndikukayikira kuti ndili ndi Toxoplasmosis?

Tangoganizirani, munatsuka bokosi la zinyalala za amphaka musanadziwe, kapena munayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine, kapena simunavale magolovesi pamene mukugwira ntchito m'munda. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, musachite mantha. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndipo mumuuze za izi.

Dokotala angakuyezeni magazi.Chitani izi. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuona ngati thupi lanu lapanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi Toxoplasmosis. Ma antibodies, mwachidule, ndi asilikali omwe thupi lathu limapanga kuti amenyane ndi mdani (pankhaniyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Toxoplasma). Kuyesa kumeneku kukupatsani lingaliro la ngati mudadwalapo matendawa kale (kutanthauza kuti muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi ku matendawa tsopano), kapena ngati mudadwalapo posachedwapa (panthawi ya mimba).

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati chapezeka msanga, pali mankhwala omwe angachepetse kuwonongeka kwa mwana. Ngati mayi ali ndi kachilombo ka `(Toxoplasmosis)` panthawi ya mimba, pali mankhwala omwe angalepheretse matendawa kufalikira kwa mwana kapena kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mwana. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukukayikira, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri wa dokotala.

Ndiye, kodi mauthenga oti tikambirane ndi ati?

Chabwino, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zomwe takambirana. Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo chanu ndi cha mwana wanu:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati, pewani kutsuka bokosi la zinyalala la mphaka momwe mungathere. Wina m'nyumbamo azigwira ntchitoyo. Munthu ameneyo ayeneranso kuiyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku ndikusamba m'manja bwino akamaliza.
• Ngati muyeneradi kuchita nokha, onetsetsani kuti mwavala magolovesi otayidwa, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi, ndipo chitani mosamala kwambiri.
• Sungani mphaka wanu m'nyumba momwe mungathere, ndipo dyetsani chakudya chogula m'sitolo chokha (chouma kapena cha m'zitini). Musadyetse nyama yaiwisi.
• Onetsetsani kuti mukuchita zinthu zaukhondo monga kusamba m'manja bwino, kutsuka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino, komanso kuphika nyama ndi nsomba bwino . Izi zidzakutetezani inu ndi mwana wanu ku matenda a toxoplasmosis komanso matenda ena ambiri.
• Valani magolovesi mukamagwira ntchito m'munda kapena mukakhudza dothi.
• Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mafunso, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Iye adzakupatsani upangiri womwe mukufuna.

Palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa, ngati mutsatira malangizo awa moyenera, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha toxoplasmosis kwa inu ndi mwana wanu wosabadwa. Ndikukufunirani mimba yabwino komanso yosangalatsa komanso mwana wathanzi!

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