Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha ndi nkhawa kwambiri dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti wina m'banja mwanu, mwina amayi kapena abambo anu okondedwa, ali ndi matenda a Parkinson. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a matendawa, pali mankhwala ambiri othandiza omwe angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikusunga moyo wabwino. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za mankhwala awa, momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso zomwe tiyenera kudziwa.
N’chifukwa chiyani matenda a Parkinson amachitika? Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi mankhwala?
Mwachidule, matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda amitsempha omwe amakhudza mayendedwe a thupi. Amayamba chifukwa cha kutayika pang'onopang'ono kwa maselo amitsempha muubongo, makamaka mu gawo la ubongo lotchedwa substantia nigra lomwe limalamulira mayendedwe. Maselo amitsempha awa amapanga neurotransmitter yotchedwa dopamine .
Taganizirani izi, mankhwala otchedwa dopamine ndi ofunikira kuti thupi lathu liziyenda bwino, monga kuyendetsa galimoto mumsewu wopanda magalimoto ambiri. Mu matenda a Parkinson, kupanga kwa dopamine kumeneku kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro monga kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kunjenjemera, komanso kuuma.
Kotero cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala ambiri a matenda a Parkinson ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa dopamine muubongo mwanjira ina.
Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana kwa odwala matenda a Parkinson, osati mankhwala amodzi okha. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala.
| Gulu la Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo | Momwe Zimagwirira Ntchito | Mfundo zofunika |
|---|---|---|
| Levodopa ndi Carbidopa | Levodopa ndi mankhwala omwe amapita ku ubongo ndikusintha kukhala dopamine. Koma chifukwa chakuti amawonongeka m'thupi asanafike ku ubongo, amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala otchedwa carbidopa kuti aletse vutoli. | Uwu ndiye mankhwala ofunikira komanso othandiza kwambiri pa matenda a Parkinson. Ndi othandiza kwambiri pochepetsa kuchedwa kwa kuyenda (bradykinesia), kuuma kwa minofu, komanso kunjenjemera. |
| Otsutsa a Dopamine | Izi zimalimbikitsa ma dopamine receptors muubongo ndipo "zimachita" ngati dopamine. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mankhwala awa amachita zomwezo zomwe dopamine imachita. | Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matendawa kapena kwa odwala achichepere, imathandizanso kuti levodopa ikhale yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. |
| Zoletsa Enzyme (MAO-B ndi COMT) | Mankhwalawa amachepetsa ntchito ya ma enzyme muubongo omwe amaphwanya dopamine, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dopamine ikhalebe muubongo kwa nthawi yayitali. | Izi zimaperekedwa kuti zithandize kuwonjezera mphamvu ya levodopa ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale nthawi yayitali. |
| Amantadine | Zimathandiza kulamulira dyskinesia, yomwe ndi kugwedezeka kosalamulirika kwa thupi komwe kungayambitsidwe ndi mankhwala monga levodopa. | Ngakhale kuti poyamba idapezeka ngati mankhwala opha mavairasi, imathandizanso pa matenda ena oyendayenda monga matenda a Parkinson. |
| Mankhwala oletsa choleretic | Dopamine ikachepa, zotsatira za mankhwala ena otchedwa acetylcholine zimawonjezeka. Mankhwalawa amaletsa zotsatira zake, amachepetsa kunjenjemera ndi kuuma kwa minofu. | Zingakhale zothandiza kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunjenjemera kwambiri. |
Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti dokotala wanu yekha ndiye angasankhe mankhwala omwe mungapereke komanso mlingo wake. Zimatengera zaka za wodwalayo, mtundu wa zizindikiro zake, ndi zina zambiri.
Kodi tiyeneranso kudziwa zotsatirapo za mankhwala?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala a Parkinson amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala. Musadandaule, si aliyense amene adzalandira zotsatirapo zake zonse. Koma ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.
- Levodopa: Kusanza, kusanza, chizungulire, mutu, kugona masana, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kungachitike kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo. Mwa okalamba, chisokonezo, kuona zinthu ngati zilombo, kapena psychosis zingachitike.
- Mankhwala a Dopamine Agonists: Izi zingayambitse nseru, kugona tulo, pakamwa pouma, kusokonezeka, komanso kuona zinthu molakwika mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Komabe, zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimatha patatha masiku ochepa.
- Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena angayambitse mavuto monga kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka pachifuwa, kusowa tulo, kutupa kwa miyendo, kudzimbidwa, kapena pakamwa pouma.
Chenjezo lofunika kwambiri: Musasiye kumwa levodopa kapena kuchepetsa mlingo mwadzidzidzi popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse matenda oopsa kwambiri komanso oopsa omwe amapha anthu otchedwa Parkinsonism Hyperpyrexia Syndrome. Ndi matenda oopsa ofanana ndi Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Ngati mukufuna kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo pazifukwa zilizonse, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
Kodi pali mankhwala a zizindikiro zina zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuyenda?
Inde. Matenda a Parkinson si matenda okha omwe amakhudza kuyenda kwa thupi. Koma palinso mavuto ena ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa. Dokotala amathanso kuwachiza.
| Chizindikiro | Mankhwala Otheka |
|---|---|
| Kudzimbidwa | Mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa ndowe, monga polyethylene glycol (monga MiraLax). |
| Kugona Masana | Mankhwala monga Modafinil (monga Provigil). |
| Kuvutika maganizo kapena Nkhawa | Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a mtundu wa SSRI. |
| Kusokonezeka Maganizo/Kuganiza Zolakwika | Mankhwala enaake oletsa matenda amisala monga pimavanserin. |
| Kulephera Kugonana | Mankhwala a Sildenafil (monga Viagra). |
Kodi pali china chomwe chingachitike kupatula mankhwala?
Mankhwala ndi gawo limodzi chabe la nkhondoyi. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zingathandize kuti moyo wa wodwalayo ukhale wabwino.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chithandizo cha thupi n'kofunika kwambiri pochiza matenda a Parkinson. Ndipotu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chinthu chokhacho chomwe chatsimikiziridwa kuti chimachepetsa kukula kwa matendawa.
- Kuchiza thupi: Mapulogalamu ochizira thupi omwe adapangidwira odwala a Parkinson amatha kukonza bwino, kuyenda bwino, komanso kukhazikika.
- Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a mtima osachepera mphindi 150 pa sabata. Zochita monga kukwera njinga ndi nkhonya zapezeka kuti n'zothandiza kwambiri.
- Thanzi la Maganizo: Kukhala ndi matenda osatha monga a Parkinson kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo. Choncho ngati mukumva chisoni kapena nkhawa, musazengereze kulankhula ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, monga katswiri wa zamaganizo.
Ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?
Mukamamwa mankhwala a Parkinson, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito komanso ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu, makamaka pazochitika ngati izi.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zomwe simungathe kuzipirira.
- Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikuchepa kapena zikuipiraipira.
- Ngati mukufuna kusiya kumwa mankhwala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngakhale kuti matenda a Parkinson sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, zizindikiro zake zimatha kulamuliridwa bwino ndipo mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
- Levodopa ndiye mankhwala ofunikira komanso othandiza kwambiri pa matendawa.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwala kapena kusintha mlingo pazifukwa zilizonse popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala n'kofunika kwambiri monga momwe mankhwala amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kapena mavuto ena, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Iye nthawi zonse amakhala wokonzeka kukuthandizani.
💬 Comments (0)
Palibe ndemanga zomwe zatumizidwa pano. Onjezani ndemanga yanu pano koyamba.
Onjezani ndemanga yanu