Kodi pali kusintha kulikonse m'dera lanu la maliseche? Kodi tiyenera kudziwa za khansa ya mbolo?

Kodi khungu la mbolo yanu lasintha mtundu? Kapena mwaona chinthu ngati chotupa chaching'ono kapena zilonda? Nthawi zina izi zitha kukhala matenda wamba, koma zitha kukhalanso chizindikiro cha chinthu chachikulu monga khansa ya mbolo . Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudziwa chochita osati mantha. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za khansa ya mbolo, monga kulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi khansa ya mbolo ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, khansa ya mbolo imachitika pamene maselo abwino m'bolo yanu amasintha ndikuyamba kukula mopanda mphamvu. Monga mukudziwa, mbolo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la njira yoberekera ya amuna. Ndi komwe mkodzo umatuluka ndipo kugonana kumachitika. Pali ziwalo zingapo zazikulu za mbolo:

• Chidendene: Ichi ndi gawo longa ndodo lomwe limayambira pamimba panu pansi mpaka kumapeto kwa mbolo yanu.
• Mbolo ya glans (kapena mutu): Iyi ndi nsonga ya mbolo.
• Khungu la chikopa: Ngati simunadulidwe, ili ndi khungu lomwe limaphimba mbolo yanu. Ngati mwadulidwa, mbolo yanu imaonekera.

Khansa imatha kufalikira kulikonse pa mbolo, koma nthawi zambiri imayambira pa mbolo ya glans kapena khungu (mwa amuna osadulidwa) .

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, monga khansa zina, khansa ya mbolo imatha kuchiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ngati yapezeka msanga . Ngati muwona china chake chachilendo kapena chosiyana, musachite manyazi kapena kuopa kuuza dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira msanga ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira moyo.

Kodi mitundu ya khansa ya mbolo ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya khansa ya mbolo. Tiyeni tiwone yomwe imapezeka kwambiri motsatira mawonekedwe ake:

• Khansa ya squamous cell (SCC): Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri (95% ya milandu) . Imapezeka m'maselo akunja kwa khungu (epithelium).
• Melanoma: Izi zimayambira m'maselo omwe amapatsa khungu lanu mtundu wake (melanocytes). Melanoma ndi khansa yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yofalikira mwachangu .
• Khansa ya m'maselo a m'munsi (BCC): Imeneyi imayamba m'maselo omwe ali pansi pa khungu (epithelium). Khansa ya m'maselo a m'munsi imakula pang'onopang'ono .
• Adenocarcinoma: Izi zimayamba m'maselo a glandular omwe amapanga zinthu monga thukuta ndi ntchofu.
• Khansa ya m'mimba: Imeneyi imayamba m'minofu (urothelium) yomwe ili m'mbali mwa dongosolo lanu la mkodzo, monga chikhodzodzo ndi impso.
• Sarcoma: Izi zimachitika mu minofu kapena minofu yolumikizana. Iyi ndi khansa ya mbolo yomwe imapezeka kawirikawiri .

Kodi khansa ya mbolo ndi yofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, poyerekeza ndi mayiko monga United States, khansa ya mbolo ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri.(Amuna amadwala khansa zosakwana 1%). Komabe, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri m'madera monga Africa, Asia, ndi South America.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya mbolo ndi ziti?

Si khansa zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zooneka. Koma ndi khansa ya mbolo, nthawi zambiri mumawona kusintha kwina pa mawonekedwe a mbolo yanu. Khungu likhoza kusintha mtundu, kapena chotupa chingawonekere.

Nazi zizindikiro zina za khansa ya mbolo:

• Chotupa kapena zilonda zopanda ululu (mwina kutuluka magazi).
• Zomera zopyapyala, zabuluu-bulauni.
• Madzi onunkhira bwino amatuluka pansi pa khungu la munthu.
• Kuwoneka ngati chiphuphu .
• Kukhuthala kwa khungu kapena kusintha mtundu wa khungu.
• Matumbo ang'onoang'ono, okhuthala.
• Makamaka mbolo ya glans imatupa komanso kutupa (yomwe imatchedwanso balanitis ).

Koma kumbukirani kuti zizindikirozi zingayambitsidwenso ndi matenda opatsirana kapena ziwengo. Koma musazinyalanyaze . Ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala msanga ndikutsimikizira. Ndiye, ngakhale khansa itakhala yoopsa, ikhoza kudziwika msanga.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa khansa ya mbolo?

Khansa imachitika pamene maselo athanzi amasintha ndikuyamba kuchulukana mosalamulirika. Koma ofufuza sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa kusinthaku.

Ngakhale kuti zifukwa zenizeni sizinapezeke, zinthu zingapo zoopsa zapezeka zomwe zingayambitse izi.

Zinthu zoopsa

Kuika zinthu zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti kungayambitse khansa, koma kumatanthauza kuti kungawonjezere mwayi wokhala ndi khansa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya mbolo:

• Zaka zoposa 55: 80% ya milandu ya khansa ya mbolo yomwe yanenedwa ku United States ili m'gulu la zaka izi.
• Kusadulidwa: Kudulidwa kumachotsa khungu la mbolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbolo ya glans iwonekere. Zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya mbolo zimaganiziridwa kuti zimagwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa khungu la mbolo.
• Matenda a HPV (Human Papillomavirus): Mitundu ya kachilombo ka HPV komwe kamayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero yapezekanso mwa amuna omwe ali ndi khansa ya mbolo.
• Matenda a HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus): Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni sichikudziwika bwino, khansa ya mbolo ndi yofala kwambiri pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
• Lichen Sclerosus (LS): Iyi ndi matenda otupa omwe angayambitse kupweteka, kuyabwa, ndi kutupa kwa glans kapena khungu lakunja.
• Phimosis: Pa vutoli, khungu la mbolo limakhala lolimba ndipo mbolo ya glans singathe kubwezedwa.
• Kusasamalira bwino: Smegma imatha kufalikira ngati mbolo siitsukidwa nthawi zonse komanso bwino.Chomwe chimatchedwa chikhoza kuwonjezeredwa. Kutupa ndi kutupa komwe kumayambitsa izi kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. (Sembryony ndi chinthu choyera chopangidwa ndi mafuta, maselo akhungu akufa, ndi chinyezi chomwe chimasonkhana pansi pa khungu lakunja.)
• Chithandizo cha PUVA: PUVA imayimira "Psoralen ndi Ultraviolet A photochemotherapy." Ichi ndi chithandizo cha radiation cha matenda a pakhungu a psoriasis .
• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Kusuta fodya ndi kutafuna fodya kumachepetsa mphamvu ya thupi yolimbana ndi matenda. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. Zinthu zomwe zili mu fodya zimatha kuwononga maselo ndikuyambitsa kusintha komwe kungayambitse khansa.

Kodi khansa ya mbolo imapezeka bwanji?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, iye angachite izi:

• Kuyezetsa Thupi: Dokotala adzakuyang'anirani ndikuwona ngati khungu lanu lasintha, ziphuphu, kapena mtundu wake wasintha. Adzakufunsaninso za zizindikiro zanu, zizolowezi zanu, ndi matenda anu am'mbuyomu.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso awa angafunike kuti muwone ngati khansa yafalikira. Kutengera mtundu wa khansa, dokotala wanu angakupatseni CT scan, MRI scan, ultrasound, PET scan, kapena chifuwa X-ray .
• Kuyeza minofu: Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira ngati muli ndi khansa. Pa izi, dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha maselo kapena minofu yokayikitsa, ndipo katswiri wa matenda amafufuza maselowo pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti awone ngati pali zizindikiro zilizonse za khansa.

Kodi khansa ya mbolo imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chimadalira kukula kwa chotupacho, ngati chafalikira, komanso kuthekera kwa khansa kubwerera (kubwerezabwereza). Chithandizo chanu chingaphatikizepo gulu la madokotala kuphatikizapo dokotala wanu wamkulu (PCP), katswiri wa khansa (katswiri wa khansa), katswiri wa urologist, katswiri wa khansa ya radiation, ndi katswiri wa khungu.

Pa khansa yoyambirira, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni njira imodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Mdulidwe: Ngati khansa ili pakhungu lokha, minofuyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa.
• Cryotherapy: Njira yowonongera chotupa pogwiritsa ntchito chimfine chachikulu.
• Kuchotsa mimba: Dokotala amadula maselo a khansa kapena chotupa kuchokera ku mbolo.
• Kuchotsa mabala pogwiritsa ntchito laser: Ma laser amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kutentha kwambiri ndikuwononga chotupacho.
• Mafuta odzola: Awa ndi mafuta odzola omwe muyenera kupaka pa mbolo nthawi zonse. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi fluorouracil ndi imiquimod .
• Opaleshoni ya Mohs:Pankhaniyi, dokotala amachotsa khungu la khansa ndi gulu, mpaka litafika pa minofu yathanzi yomwe ili pansi pake.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Dokotala angagwiritse ntchito ma radiation amphamvu, monga X-ray, kuwononga maselo a khansa kapena kuchepetsa chotupacho asanachite opaleshoni.

Ngati khansa yafalikira pang'ono, dokotala angakulangizeni izi:

• Kuchotsa Lymphadenectomy: Ngati khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes (nthawi zambiri m'malo olumikizirana mafupa), dokotala angawachotse.
• Kuchotsa mbolo: Pa opaleshoni yochotsa mbolo pang'ono, gawo la mbolo limachotsedwa. Pa opaleshoni yonse yochotsa mbolo , mbolo yonse imachotsedwa. Ngati mbolo yonse yachotsedwa, dokotalayo adzatsegula mpata m'mimba mwanu kapena pakati pa anus ndi scrotum (perineum) kuti mukhoze kukodza.

Dokotala angagwiritse ntchito chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy , kapena zonse ziwiri asanayambe kapena atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Ngati khansa yafalikira kupitirira mimba yanu, mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala ena (mankhwala ochizira matenda a m'thupi) ndiye chithandizo chachikulu.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati zili choncho?

Ndondomeko yanu yochira ndi chithandizo imadalira zinthu izi:

• Gawo la khansa.
• Malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho.
• Kaya khansa yangopezeka kumene kapena yabwereranso.

Tangoganizani, ngati khansa yapezeka msanga, imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu woti ilandire chithandizo ndikuchiritsidwa . Ngati yapezeka mochedwa, imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wofalikira kupitirira mbolo. Pamenepo, khansa ya mbolo imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuchiza.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha khansa ya mbolo?

Ganizirani zinthu izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya mbolo:

• Musagwiritse ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Pezani katemera wa HPV.
• Pezani chithandizo cha phimosis .
• Sungani bwino mbolo yanu (kutanthauza kuitsuka bwino tsiku lililonse).
• Chitani zogonana zodzitetezera kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a HPV.
• Ganizirani ubwino wa mdulidwe. Muyenera kuganizira ubwino wa mdulidwe wazachipatala, pamodzi ndi zinthu monga zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo, zomwe mumakonda pachikhalidwe, ndi zomwe mumakonda. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe njira yabwino kwambiri kwa inu kapena mwana wanu wakhanda.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe matenda anu a khansa komanso dongosolo la chithandizo lidzakhudzira moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Mankhwala ambiri a khansa amasunga minofu ya mbolo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukalandira chithandizo, mbolo yanu idzachira ndikuwoneka mofanana ndi kale, kapena yofanana kwambiri. Mudzatha kukodza mutayimirira. Mudzatha kugonana, kugonana, komanso ngakhale kufika pachimake.

Komabe, opaleshoni yochotsa gawo kapena mbolo yonse ingasinthe momwe mumakodzera komanso zomwe mumakumana nazo pogonana.

Khansa ya mbolo ndi chithandizo chake zingakukhudzeni m'njira zambiri. Kudziwa zomwe mungayembekezere kungakuthandizeni kukonzekera zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zasintha, kapena ngati zikuipiraipira, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Iye angakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati chomwe chikuyambitsa khansa.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muli ndi khansa ya mbolo, nayi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Kodi khansa yanga ili pamlingo wotani?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndi bwino kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi ubwino/zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha chithandizochi ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani panthawi yochira?
• Ndi kusintha kotani komwe ndiyenera kuyembekezera pa moyo wanga nditatha kulandira chithandizo?
• Ndi akatswiri ati omwe ndiyenera kuwaona kuti akalandire chithandizo?
• Kodi pali mwayi wotani woti khansa yanga ibwererenso nditalandira chithandizo?

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kupezeka ndi khansa ya mbolo kungakhale chochitika chosintha moyo. Ndizachibadwa kumva malingaliro ambiri ndi kusatsimikizika nthawi imodzi. Ndikofunikira kudzisamalira nokha osati mantha panthawiyi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye akhoza kukambirana za njira zomwe mungasankhire chithandizo, komanso komwe mungapeze chithandizo chothandiza komanso chamaganizo chomwe mukufuna. Khulupirirani gulu lanu lachipatala ndi okondedwa anu. Kumbukirani, simuli nokha pankhondoyi.

Khansa ya mbolo, Thanzi la Amuna, Zizindikiro za Khansa, Chithandizo cha Khansa, HPV, Mdulidwe