Kodi miyendo yanu imapweteka mukamayenda? Ikhoza kukhala Matenda a Mitsempha ya M'mimba!

Kodi mumamvanso kupweteka kapena kupweteka m'miyendo yanu, makamaka m'mapazi anu, mukamayenda, makamaka pa mtunda waufupi? Kodi zimachoka mutakhala pansi kwakanthawi ndikupumula, koma kodi zimabwerera mukamayenda? Ngati ndi choncho, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwa inu. Matendawa timawatcha 'Peripheral Artery Disease' , kapena PAD mwachidule. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi 'Matenda a Mitsempha ya Peripheral' ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Matenda a Mitsempha ya Peripheral ndi vuto lomwe mafuta amasonkhana m'mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku miyendo yanu, ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono. Taganizirani ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chimatsekedwa ndi dothi ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuyenda kwa madzi. Mitsempha yathu ili ngati mapaipi. Ndi yosalala kwambiri mkati, kotero magazi amatha kuyenda bwino popanda kuuma.

Komabe, pamene 'chikhomo' ichi (chokhala ndi mafuta ndi cholesterol) chikumangika pang'onopang'ono pa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, malo omwe ali mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi amachepa. Mu zamankhwala, izi zimatchedwanso 'atherosclerosis' . Nthawi zina, pamwamba pa 'chikhomo' ichi chimaphulika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti 'ma platelet' (mtundu wa maselo amagazi omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana) apangidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ichepe kwambiri.

Pamene mtsempha wamagazi watsekeka, magazi satha kuyenda kudzera mmenemo. Mitsempha ya miyendo yomwe imaperekedwa ndi mtsemphawo imasowa mpweya ndi zakudya. Izi zitha kuwononga minofuyo ndipo pamapeto pake zimaipangitsa kufa (gangrene) . Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza zala ndi mapazi.

Anthu ena amakula msanga, pomwe ena amakula pang'onopang'ono. Pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza izi, monga komwe kuli plaque m'thupi lanu komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Kodi 'matenda a mitsempha ya m'magazi' (PAD) amenewa ndi ofala bwanji?

PAD kwenikweni ndi matenda ofala kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Akuti anthu pakati pa 8 ndi 12 miliyoni ku United States ali ndi vutoli. Komabe, nthawi zina matendawa sapezeka bwino ndipo sachiritsidwa. Chifukwa chake, chiwerengero chenicheni chikhoza kukhala chokwera.

Kodi PAD imakhudza bwanji thupi langa? Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chodziwika bwino cha PAD ndi claudication . Uku ndi kupweteka kwa miyendo (makamaka ng'ombe) mukamayenda kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ululuwu umatha mukapuma. Izi zimachitika chifukwa minofu ya miyendo sikupeza mpweya wokwanira.

Koma zotsatira za PAD sizimangokhudza kuyenda kovuta, komanso zingayambitse zilonda zosachiritsa pa miyendo kapena mapazi anu.Chiwopsezo cha matenda a sitiroko chimawonjezeka. Ngati vuto la PAD likula kwambiri, zilondazi zimatha kukhala malo omwe minofu yakufa imawonongeka (gangrene), ndipo zingakhale zofunikira kuchotsa phazi kapena mwendo (amputation). Tangoganizirani amalume athu Siripala, sangathe kuyenda mtunda waufupi kupita ku sitolo, nthawi zonse amanena kuti mwendo wake ukupweteka, zitha kukhala ngati izi.

Kodi zizindikiro zofala za PAD ndi ziti?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi PAD amene ali ndi zizindikiro. Pafupifupi 50% sangakhale ndi zizindikiro konse. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zingayambe kuonekera pamene mtsempha wamagazi wachepa ndi 60% kapena kuposerapo.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Ululu, kupweteka m'miyendo kapena m'matako (kupweteka kwapakati) komwe kumachitika poyenda kapena kukwera masitepe. Izi zimachepa mukapuma.
• Kupsa, kupweteka kwambiri m'mapazi ndi zala (kupweteka kwa ischemic rest) ngakhale mutapumula, makamaka mukagona pabedi usiku .
• Khungu lozizira pamapazi.
• Kuona kufiira kapena kusintha kwina kwa mtundu pakhungu.
• Matenda obwera pafupipafupi pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa (makamaka m'mapazi kapena m'miyendo).
• Zilonda zosachiritsa pamapazi ndi m'mapazi.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga kuti akakupatseni upangiri. Chifukwa ngati PAD yapezeka msanga, chithandizo chimayamba mavuto akuluakulu monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko asanachitike.

Kodi pali magawo a PAD?

Inde, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo pogawa PAD. Kugawa Fontaine m'magulu n'kosavuta pang'ono. Nazi magawo:

• Gawo Loyamba: Wosawonetsa zizindikiro.
• Gawo IIa: Kupweteka pang'ono kwa mwendo panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi (claudication yofatsa).
• Gawo IIb: Kupweteka kwapakati mpaka kwakukulu kwa mwendo (kupweteka pang'ono mpaka kwakukulu).
• Gawo Lachitatu: Kupweteka kwa miyendo ngakhale mutapumula (kupweteka kwa Ischemic relapse).
• Gawo IV: Zilonda kapena chilonda cha gangrene.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha PAD ndi ati?

Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, anthu omwe ali ndi PAD angafunike kudulidwa mwendo kapena phazi (ndipo nthawi zambiri dzanja) . Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Popeza kuti kayendedwe ka magazi m'thupi lathu kamagwirizana, zotsatira za PAD sizimangokhala pa chiwalo chomwe chakhudzidwacho chokha. Anthu omwe ali ndi atherosclerosis m'mitsempha ya miyendo akhozanso kukhala ndi vutoli kwina m'thupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amene ali ndi PAD akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima, matenda a mtima, sitiroko, kapena kuukira kwa transient ischemic (TIA)., zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha zinthu monga sitiroko yaying'ono ndi chachikulu kwambiri kuposa munthu wopanda PAD. Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima ali ndi mwayi umodzi mwa itatu wokhala ndi PAD m'miyendo yake.

Kodi chifukwa chachikulu cha PAD ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kukula kwa atherosclerosis m'mitsempha ya miyendo (ndipo nthawi zambiri m'manja). Monga momwe zilili m'mitsempha ya mtima, mafuta amasonkhana pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi, pang'onopang'ono kumachepetsa mitsemphayo kenako n'kuitseka.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a PAD?

Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso champhamvu chomwe chimayambitsa PAD komanso mavuto ake. Ndipotu, 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi PAD ndi omwe amasuta fodya kapena omwe kale anali kusuta. Kusuta fodya kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi PAD ndi pafupifupi 400%. Kungathenso kuchedwetsa kuyamba kwa zizindikiro ndi zaka 10.

Poyerekeza ndi anthu osasuta, anthu omwe amasuta fodya komanso omwe ali ndi PAD amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• Imfa chifukwa cha matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko .
• Zotsatira zoyipa za opaleshoni ya bypass pa miyendo.
• Kufunika kudula mkono kapena mwendo.

Kaya ndinu mkazi kapena mwamuna, muli pachiopsezo chokhala ndi PAD ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu izi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za fodya (ichi ndiye chinthu champhamvu kwambiri).
• Kukhala ndi matenda a shuga (Diabetes Mellitus).
• Kukhala ndi zaka 50 kapena kuposerapo.
• Kukhala ndi chibadwidwe cha anthu aku Africa America (ngakhale kuti izi sizikugwirizana ndi Sri Lanka, ndibwino kudziwa).
• Kukhala ndi mbiri ya munthu kapena banja lake ya matenda a mtima kapena matenda a mitsempha yamagazi.
• Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP).
• Kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri (hyperlipidemia).
• Kunenepa kwambiri m'mimba.
• Kukhala ndi vuto la magazi kuundana.
• Kukhala ndi matenda a impso (izi zitha kukhala zoopsa komanso zotsatira za PAD).

Kodi PAD imapezeka bwanji? (Kuzindikira)

Mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakuyesani ndikufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Mayeso ena osakhudza thupi lanu angachitikenso kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi PAD, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, kuchuluka kwake. Mayesowa angathandize kudziwa ngati pali kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi:

• Chizindikiro cha Ankle-brachial (ABI): Ichi chimayeza kuthamanga kwa magazi m'kakolo ndi m'manja.
• Kujambula kwa voliyumu ya kugunda kwa mtima (PVR).
• Ultrasound ya mitsempha yamagazi.

Nthawi zina, mayeso olowera m'magazi otchedwa angiogram angafunike kuti azindikire kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.

Kodi PAD ikhoza kusinthidwa?

Inde, maphunziro ena asonyeza kutiKuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuwongolera cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kungathandize kusintha zizindikiro za PAD.

Mukazindikira msanga, kusintha moyo wanu, komanso kulandira chithandizo, PAD ikhoza kulephereka kuipiraipira. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli pachiwopsezo cha PAD, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kale, onani dokotala wa banja lanu, katswiri wa mankhwala a mitsempha yamagazi, kapena katswiri wa mtima kuti ayambe pulogalamu yopewera kapena yochizira nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi mankhwala a PAD ndi ati?

PAD ikhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi kusintha moyo, mankhwala, ndi njira zachipatala.

Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu za chithandizo cha PAD:

1. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima , monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

2. Chepetsani ululu mukuyenda ndikukweza moyo wanu.

Kusintha kwa moyo

Chithandizo cha PAD chimayamba ndi kusintha moyo wanu kuti muchepetse zoopsa zanu. Nazi zina zomwe mungachite:

• Kusiya fodya kotheratu. Funsani dokotala wanu za mapulogalamu omwe angakuthandizeni kusiya kusuta.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zili ndi ulusi wambiri komanso cholesterol yochepa, mafuta, ndi sodium. Chepetsani mafuta kufika pa 30% ya ma calories onse a tsiku ndi tsiku. Mafuta okhuta sayenera kupitirira 7% ya ma calories onse. Pewani zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafuta a trans, monga mafuta a masamba omwe ali ndi hydrogen pang'ono komanso mafuta a masamba omwe ali ndi hydrogen.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Yambani pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, monga kuyenda. Kuyenda ndi mankhwala abwino a PAD. Anthu omwe amayenda nthawi zonse amatha kuwonjezera mtunda womwe angayende miyendo yawo isanapweteke.
• Konzani matenda ena monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, ndi cholesterol yambiri.
• Chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo. Zinthu monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, yoga, ndi kusinkhasinkha zingathandize pa izi.
• Yesetsani kusamalira mapazi ndi khungu bwino kuti mupewe matenda ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala monga mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi , mankhwala a statin , ndi mankhwala a shuga angathandize kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a PAD ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko ndi matenda a mtima.

Dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana, monga aspirin kapena clopidogrel, kuti mupewe magazi kuundana. Angakupatseninso mankhwala otchedwa cilostazol kuti muwonjezere mtunda womwe mungayende. Mankhwalawa amathandiza anthu omwe amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti miyendo yawo isamavutike.

Mapulogalamu olimbitsa thupi oyang'aniridwa

Pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi yoyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala ingathandize kuchepetsa ululu wa miyendo ndikukuthandizani kuyenda mopitirira muyeso. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuyenda pa treadmill osachepera masiku atatu pa sabata.

Anthu omwe ali ndi PAD ayenera kuyenda kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 60 patsiku, ngakhale kunyumba. Malangizo ofala kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi a "Yambani/Imani":

• Yendani mpaka ululu utakhala wochepa, kenako siyani.
• Yembekezerani mpaka ululuwo utatha konse.
• Yambani kuyendanso.

Mankhwala ochepetsa kuwononga kapena opaleshoni

Kwa anthu ena, ngakhale atatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa miyezi ingapo komanso kumwa mankhwala, kupweteka kwa miyendo kumatha kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti kumasokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri, kungakhale kofunikira kukonza kuyenda kwa magazi kuti muchepetse ululu ngakhale mutapuma, kapena kuthandiza kuchiritsa kuvulala.

Milandu yowonjezereka ya PAD, yomwe imayambitsa kupweteka kwambiri ndi zovuta kuyenda, ingafunike chithandizo cha endovascular (chosavulaza kwambiri) kapena opaleshoni. Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a mtima amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa PAD:

• Angioplasty: Kukulitsa mtsempha wotsekeka pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonga baluni.
• Kuika stent: Kuika chubu chaching'ono cha ukonde kuti mtsempha wamagazi ukhale wotseguka.
• Opaleshoni yodutsa mtsempha wamagazi: Kupanga njira ina yoyendetsera magazi (nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wina m'thupi) kuti idutse mtsempha wotsekeka.
• Kuchotsa plaque m'mitsempha yamagazi: Kuchotsa plaque yomwe ili mkati mwa mitsempha pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo mutalandira chithandizo

Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi mutalandira chithandizochi, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda kapena mavuto ena:

• Kutupa, kutuluka magazi, kapena kupweteka kumene catheter inayikidwa.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Malungo kapena kuzizira.
• Chizungulire.
• Kutupa kwa miyendo.
• Kupweteka m'mimba.
• Chotupa cha opaleshoni chimatseguka.

Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizo imasiyana malinga ndi chithandizo chomwe mudalandira. Mungafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa usiku umodzi kapena ingapo. Ngakhale kuti opaleshoni ya atherectomy ingatenge masiku angapo kuti munthu achire, angioplasty ingatenge pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Cholumikizira cha mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'mitsempha chingatenge masabata 6 mpaka 8 kuti munthu achire mokwanira.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha PAD? (Kupewa)

Mukadziwa kuti muli ndi zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kuti mukhale ndi PAD, mungakhale ndi chidwi chopewa. Malangizo omwewo oti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi amagwiranso ntchito posamalira kuyenda kwa magazi m'magazi anu:

• Lamulirani kulemera kwanu.
• Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, shuga wochepa, komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosachepera zisanu patsiku.
• Musagwiritse ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Ngati dokotala wanu akuvomerezani, chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku ambiri a sabata.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kuti mukhale ndi matenda a PAD. Uzani dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe muli nazo, monga kupweteka kwa mwendo, kufooka, kapena dzanzi.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati muli ndi PAD?

Monga matenda ambiri, PAD ndi yosavuta kuchiza ngati yapezeka msanga. Kuchuluka kwa PAD kumasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Zimatengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo komwe plaque ili komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

PAD ndi vuto lomwe mungakhale nalo moyo wanu wonse. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a PAD, mutha kuthana nalo. Mutha kupewa PAD kuti isakule kwambiri pochita zinthu izi:

• Kusagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Chepetsani mafuta ndipo idyani zakudya zabwino.
• Kuthana ndi zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto monga matenda a shuga, cholesterol yambiri, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? (Kudzisamalira)

Ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino mapazi anu kuti mabala asapore. Kusamalira mapazi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi PAD kumaphatikizapo:

• Valani nsapato zabwino komanso zoyenerera bwino.
• Yang'anani mapazi ndi miyendo yanu tsiku lililonse ngati muli ndi matuza, mabala, ming'alu, mikwingwirima, kapena zilonda. Yang'ananinso ngati pali kufiira, kutentha, misomali ya zala zokulira mkati, chimanga, ndi makwinya. Monga munthu wodwala matenda a shuga, muyenera kusamalira mapazi anu.
• Musachedwe kuchiza ngakhale vuto laling'ono la phazi kapena khungu.
• Sungani mapazi anu oyera komanso onyowa bwino (musagwiritse ntchito mafuta onyowa pa bala lotseguka).
• Mukatha kusamba, dulani misomali yanu ikadali yofewa. Dulani molunjika ndipo muyiike m'mbali ndi fayilo ya misomali.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa dokotala wa mapazi , makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga. Iye angakuthandizeni ndi matenda a bunion, bunion, kapena mavuto ena a mapazi.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Pitani kwa dokotala pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• Ngati mutapeza matenda oopsa pachilonda cha phazi lanu, matendawa amatha kufalikira ku minofu yanu, minofu, magazi, ndi mafupa. Ngati matendawa ndi aakulu, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala.
• Ngati kuyenda kuli kovuta kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita ntchito zachizolowezi.
• Ngati miyendo yanu ikumva kupweteka ngakhale mutapumula , ichi ndi chizindikiro cha magazi osakwanira.

Zadzidzidzi:Ngati simungathe kumva mwendo wanu, simungathe kuwusuntha, kapena khungu lake lili ndi mtundu wosiyana ndi mwendo wanu wonse, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi opita ku mwendo wanu asiya kugwira ntchito popanda chenjezo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

• Kodi ndikufunika mankhwala kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo cha PAD?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuyenda mtunda wotani ndikayamba pulogalamu yoyenda?
• Kodi ndikufunika chithandizo cha opaleshoni ya PAD?

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Mukhoza kuchita zambiri kuti mupewe kapena kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda a mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'magazi, kapena PAD, mwa kusintha moyo wanu. Sungani nthawi yanu yonse yokumana ndi dokotala wanu komanso katswiri wa mitsempha yamagazi, ndipo imwani mankhwala anu onse monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Kudziwa zizindikiro zochenjeza za mavuto a PAD kudzakuthandizani kudziwa nthawi yopempha thandizo. Samalani miyendo yanu, chifukwa idzakutengerani kutali!

Matenda a mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, PAD, kupweteka kwa miyendo, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kuyenda kwa magazi, kusuta fodya, matenda a shuga, cholesterol, atherosclerosis, claudication