Kodi mwana wanu amakonda kusewera masewera? Kapena ali ndi zaka zomwe angathe kuthamanga ndikusewera? Kodi nthawi zina amanena zinthu monga, "Amayi, bondo langa likupweteka," kapena "Sindingathe kupinda chigongono changa?" Nthawi zambiri, timangoiwala, ndikuganiza kuti ndi bala laling'ono chabe. Koma ngati ululu wamtunduwu upitirira, ukhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe sitinamvepo zambiri, Osteochondritis Dissecans, kapena OCD mwachidule. Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke lovuta pang'ono, palibe choopa. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.
Kodi Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mafupa athu, kapena mafupa a synovial. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana, achinyamata, komanso achinyamata.
Mukudziwa, chiwalo ndi komwe mafupa awiri m'thupi lathu amakumana. Mu OCD, magazi omwe amafika kumapeto kwa limodzi mwa mafupawa pa chiwalo amadulidwa. Monga momwe nthambi ya mtengo imauma ndi kufooka ikapanda kulandira madzi, ikapanda kulandira magazi, gawo limenelo la fupa limafewanso ndi kufooka.
Pakapita nthawi, fupa lofookali limafa ndipo limasiyana ndi fupa lalikulu. Nthawi zina, pamodzi ndi fupali, fupa limachotsedwanso. Chilonda chaching'ono chonga bala (chotupa) chimasiyidwa pomwe fupa ndi fupa laching'ono zachokera.
Tsopano chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono aka kamene kamasuka? Nthawi zina kamakhala komwe kanamasuka. Kapena, kamatha kuyandama mkati mwa cholumikizira. Izi zikachitika, cholumikiziracho chimakhala chosakhazikika, ndipo chimayamba kupweteka. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti vutoli lingatenge miyezi ingapo, ngakhale zaka, kuti lichitike, kotero simungazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse pachiyambi.
OCD nthawi zambiri imakhudza mafupa awa:
- Mawondo (omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'mawondo)
- Zigongono
- Akakolo
- Mapewa
- Mafupa a m'chiuno
Komabe, vutoli limapezeka kwambiri m'bondo, pansi, mkati mwa fupa la ntchafu (femur). M'mawu azachipatala, limatchedwa ``medial femoral condyle''.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya OCD.
Madokotala amagawa OCD m'magulu awiri akuluakulu, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa.
| Mtundu wa OCD | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Osteochondritis Dissecans Yosakhazikika | Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri. Umapezeka m'malo amodzi okha. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha izi. Ndiko kuti, ndi vuto lomwe limachitika mwachisawawa. |
| Matenda a Osteochondritis a m'banja | Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, iyi ndi matenda a majini omwe amapatsirana kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Amatha kupatsirana kuchokera kwa kholo kupita kwa mwana. Munthu amene ali ndi matendawa amatha kukhudzidwa ndi mafupa ambiri pa moyo wake wonse. Amakhalanso afupiafupi ndipo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a osteoarthritis (kutha kwa mafupa) ali aang'ono kuposa masiku onse. |
Kodi zizindikiro za OCD ndi ziti?
Monga ndanenera kale, sipangakhale zizindikiro kumayambiriro. Makamaka ngati fupa loswekalo likhala pamalo amodzi osasuntha, simungamve kupweteka kulikonse.
Komabe, ngati zizindikiro zikuwonekera, mukhoza kukumana ndi zinthu monga:
- Kupweteka kwa mafupa: Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu.
- Kufooka: Cholumikiziracho chimaoneka ngati chopanda moyo.
- Kutupa: Cholumikizira chimawoneka ngati chotupa.
- Kuuma: Kumva ngati simungathe kupindika kapena kuwongola malo olumikizirana mafupa mosavuta.
- Kusayenda bwino: Kulephera kusuntha bwino cholumikiziracho.
- Kumva phokoso la 'click': Kumva phokoso la 'click' posuntha cholumikizira.
- Kumva ngati cholumikizira sichikuyenda bwino: Cholumikiziracho chimamva ngati 'chikudumpha' mopanda mphamvu, kapena ngati chilibe mphamvu.
Kawirikawiri, zizindikirozi zimakula kwambiri pamene fupa losasunthika limapita kumadera ena mkati mwa cholumikizira ndipo limakakamira. Komanso, ululu uwu ndi zizindikiro zina zimatha kuwonjezeka mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kugwira ntchito yomwe imawonjezera kulemera kwa cholumikizira.
Kodi zifukwa za OCD ndi ziti?
Madokotala akufufuzabe za OCD yomwe imachitika nthawi ndi nthawi. Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chapezeka. Komabe, chifukwa vutoli ndi lofala pakati pa othamanga, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kupsinjika mobwerezabwereza pa chiwalo ndi chifukwa chachikulu.
Tangoganizirani wosewera mpira wa cricket akuponya mpira mosalekeza koma osakhudzidwa pang'ono pa chigongono chake. Kapena wosewera mpira wa basketball akudumpha mosalekeza koma osakhudzidwa pang'ono pa bondo lake. Ngakhale kuti sikungakhale kuvulala kwakukulu nthawi imodzi, kuvulala pang'ono kumeneku kumatha kudziunjikira pakapita nthawi ndikuwononga malo olumikizirana mafupa. Timatcha izi kuti microtraumas.Kuvulala kotereku kungayambitsidwe ndi zochita monga kuthamanga, kulumpha, ndi kuponya chinthu.
OCD yabanja imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Makamaka, imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini otchedwa `ACAN`. Jini ya `ACAN` iyi imalangiza thupi lathu kupanga puloteni yotchedwa `aggrecan`, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga cartilage. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini, puloteni iyi ya `aggrecan` imapanga cartilage molakwika kapena molakwika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake vutoli limachitika.
Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?
Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala OCD, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
- Anthu azaka zapakati pa 10 ndi 20: Gulu la zaka limeneli ndi lomwe limakhudzidwa kwambiri.
- Amuna: Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata kuposa atsikana.
- Othamanga: Anthu omwe amachita masewera osiyanasiyana, makamaka omwe amasewera masewera omwe amaika mphamvu zambiri pa mafupa, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
- Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu (makolo, abale ndi alongo) ali ndi OCD, inunso muli pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati sichilandira chithandizo?
Ngati OCD sichithandizidwa bwino, zizindikiro zake zimatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi. Pamapeto pake, mungakhale ndi ululu wosatha kapena osteoarthritis . Anthu omwe ali ndi OCD m'banja amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala osteoarthritis msanga kuposa zaka zapakati (pafupifupi zaka 50). Choncho ichi si chinthu choyenera kuonedwa mopepuka.
Kodi mwapeza bwanji izi, Dokotala?
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Adzakufunsani zinthu monga nthawi imene ululu unayamba, nthawi yanji ya tsiku, komanso ngati ululuwo umabwera mutachita chilichonse.
Kenako, cholumikizira chomwe chakhudzidwacho chimafufuzidwa. Kuyenda kwa cholumikiziracho kumayesedwa ndikuyerekezeredwa ndi cholumikizira chathanzi.
Kenako, angakufunseni kuti muyesedwe kujambula zithunzi, monga X-ray kapena MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) , kuti atsimikizire matendawa. Ngati pali kukayikiridwa kuti muli ndi OCD ya m'banja, angakutumizireninso kuti mukayesedwe majini kuti atsimikizire zimenezo.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu zochizira OCD. Choyamba ndikuthandiza mafupa kuchira. China ndikubwezeretsa magazi m'mafupa omwe akhudzidwa. Njira zochiritsira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: osachita opaleshoni ndi opaleshoni.
Chithandizo chosagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni
Kawirikawiri, makamaka kwa ana ndi achinyamata, iyi ndi njira yoyamba yomwe madokotala amalangiza.
| Njira yochizira | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mpumulo | Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Njira yabwino yochiritsira ndikusiya kukakamiza kwambiri malo olumikizirana mafupa. Mungafunike kusiya kusewera masewera, kuthamanga, kapena kulumpha kwa mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri. |
| Mankhwala | Dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, monga NSAIDs (mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal) , kuti achepetse kutupa ndi ululu. Koma kumbukirani, musamwe mankhwala ochepetsa ululu mosalekeza kwa masiku opitilira 10 popanda upangiri wa dokotala. |
| Kulephera kuyenda kwa cholumikizira | Mungafunike kuvala chogwirira, chogwirira, kapena choyikapo kuti cholumikiziracho chikhalebe pamalo ake mpaka chitachira. Ngati bondo lanu kapena chigongono chanu chakhudzidwa, mungauzidwe kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndodo kuti muchepetse kulemera kwake. |
| Kuchiza Thupi | Katswiri wa zamaganizo adzakuthandizani kulimbitsa minofu yozungulira malo olumikizirana mafupa ndikukuphunzitsani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kutambasula minofu kuti mubwezeretse kuyenda kwa malo olumikizirana mafupa. |
Kodi opaleshoni idzakhala yofunikira?
Ngati zizindikiro zanu zili zazikulu mutalandira chithandizo chosagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni kwa miyezi ingapo, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni opaleshoni. Dokotala wa opaleshoni angachite izi:
- Bowo laling'ono kwambiri limapangidwa m'mafupa ndi m'matumbo omwe akhudzidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi lipereke magazi atsopano kudera lomwelo, lomwe limachira mwachangu.
- Kulumikizanso zidutswa za mafupa ndi cartilage zomwe zachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapini ndi zomangira.
- Kusintha minofu yowonongeka ndi fupa lopangidwa kuchokera ku mbali ina ya thupi lanu kapena fupa lopangidwa kuchokera kwa wopereka chithandizo woyenera.
Mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mukufuna idzadalira komwe OCD ili, kuwonongeka kwake kuli kwakukulu bwanji, komanso momwe chidutswacho chatayikira chafika. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Kodi izi zidzachira zokha?
Funso ili ndi labwino. Popeza mafupa a ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a osteochondritis dissecans akukulirakulirabe, vutoli limatha lokha ndi nthawi yopuma komanso yopuma.
Koma, musachite ngozi ndi mafupa a mwana wanu chifukwa choti akumva kupweteka. Ngati mwana wanu akumva kupweteka kwa mafupa kwa nthawi yoposa sabata imodzi, musayembekezere kuti zinthu zisintha zokha. Kaonaneni ndi dokotala.
Chifukwa dokotala akazindikira msanga vutoli ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo, chiopsezo cha mavuto ena chimachepa mtsogolo.
Kodi zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zinthu ziyambe kuyenda bwino? Kodi izi zidzakhudza tsogolo?
Zimatenga miyezi ingapo kuti anthu achire bwino. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zochita zomwe mungachite komanso zomwe simungachite panthawi yomwe mukuchira.
Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuchitidwa chithandizo cha physiotherapy kwa miyezi ingapo kuti mupezenso mphamvu ndi kuyenda komwe kwatayika.
Ponena za tsogolo la ana ndi achinyamata, zotsatirapo zake kwa nthawi yayitali sizingachitike kwambiri atalandira chithandizo choyenera. Komabe, kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kwa mafupa mtsogolo, kungakhale kofunikira kusintha masewerawa kapena kusiya mayendedwe ena obwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo, mwana yemwe ali ndi OCD m'chigongono akhoza kuseweranso cricket atachira, koma angalangizidwe kuti asiye kuponya mpira.
Akuluakulu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a osteoarthritis m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndipo nthawi zambiri amafunika opaleshoni.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi ululu wa mafupa womwe umatenga nthawi yoposa sabata imodzi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala.
Komanso, ngati mwavulala kwambiri moti simungasunthe chiwalo kapena ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magazi m'fupa la mafupa. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi ululu, kutupa, ndi kuuma kwa mafupa monga mawondo, zigongono, ndi akakolo.
- Chithandizo chachikulu cha izi ndi kupuma. Ndikofunikira kupewa kukakamiza malo olumikizirana mafupa omwe akhudzidwa.
- Ngati mwana akupitiriza kudandaula za kupweteka kwa mafupa, musanyalanyaze zimenezo ngati "kupweteka kokulira." Onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala.
- Ndi matenda a nthawi yake komanso chithandizo choyenera, ana ambiri amatha kuchira kwathunthu popanda zotsatirapo zilizonse za nthawi yayitali.
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