Kodi inunso mumaopa zinthu zina mosaganizira bwino? Tiyeni tikambirane za mantha! | Nirogi Lanka

Tonsefe tili ndi mantha ena, sichoncho? Mwina ndi akangaude, kutalika, kapena ngakhale kuona singano. Zimenezo ndi zachilendo. Koma, taganizirani ngati mantha amenewo akukula kupitirira malire achibadwa, mpaka kufika poti amasokoneza kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku ndi chilichonse chimene mumachita. Ndicho chimene timachitcha 'mantha.' Ndi vuto lomwe lingakulanditseni chimwemwe chanu ndi ufulu wanu, kukusiyani mukumva kuti mulibe thandizo.

Kodi Phobia ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mantha ndi mantha aakulu, osalamulirika kapena nkhawa yaikulu yoyambitsidwa ndi chinthu china, nyama, mkhalidwe, kapena malo enaake. Mantha amenewa ndi amphamvu kwambiri moti nthawi zonse amasokoneza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, maubwenzi, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. M'mawu azachipatala, mantha amagawidwa ngati Matenda Oda nkhawa.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka ngati Specific Phobia . Komabe, pali mtundu umodzi womwe uli ndi dzina lake lodziwika bwino la matenda: Agoraphobia . Tikambirananso zimenezo.

Mukakhala kuti simukukumana ndi chinthu chomwe mukuopa, mungazindikire kuti, “Ndikudziwa kuti mantha awa ndi osamveka; palibe choopa.” Komabe, ngakhale mutadziwa izi, kumverera kwakukulu ndi mantha omwe mumakumana nawo panthawiyo sizisintha. Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwakumana ndi vuto lanu, mungamve mantha ambiri, mantha, komanso chikhumbo chachikulu chothawa. Ngakhale mungayesere kukhala chete, nthawi zambiri zimafuna khama lalikulu komanso mphamvu.

Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya mantha?

Mantha ndi a munthu payekha; mantha ndi nkhawa zomwe zimayambitsa zimasiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa mantha mwa munthu mmodzi sichingakhudze wina, n'kovuta kupereka mndandanda wonse. Komabe, madokotala ndi akatswiri nthawi zambiri amaika mantha awa m'magulu asanu akuluakulu.

Phobias Yodziwika Kawirikawiri

Nazi magulu amenewo ndi ena mwa mantha omwe amafala kwambiri omwe amagwirizana nawo:

1. Zokhudzana ndi nyama:

• Kuopa kwambiri akangaude (Arachnophobia)
• Kuopa agalu kwambiri (Cynophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri tizilombo (Entomophobia)
• Kuopa njoka kwambiri (Ophidiophobia)

2. Zokhudzana ndi Zachilengedwe:

• Kuopa kwambiri kutalika (Acrophobia)
• Kuopa malo otseguka kapena opezeka pagulu, makamu a anthu, kapena nthawi zina kuopa kuchoka panyumba panu nokha (Agoraphobia) (Izi zimaonedwa kuti ndi matenda osiyana)
• Kuopa madzi kwambiri (Aquaphobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri mabingu ndi mphezi (Astraphobia)

3. Magazi, Njira Zachipatala, kapena Zokhudzana ndi Kuvulala:

• Kuopa ululu kwambiri (Algophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri madokotala a mano kapena opaleshoni ya mano (Dentophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri kuona magazi (Hemophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri singano (Trypanophobia)

4. Zokhudzana ndi zochitika:

• Kuopa kwambiri kuuluka mu ndege (Aerophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri kuyendetsa galimoto (Amaxophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri malo ang'onoang'ono otsekedwa (monga elevator, zipinda zazing'ono) (Claustrophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri mdima (Nyctophobia)

5. Zina:

• Kuopa kwambiri azungu (Coulrophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri kusanza kapena kuona ena akusanza (Emetophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri moto (Pyrophobia)
• Kuopa kwambiri mabowo ang'onoang'ono kapena mapangidwe (Trypophobia)

Chidziwitso Chokhudza Agoraphobia

Agoraphobia imagawidwa m'magulu awiri chifukwa imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuti mudziwe kuti muli ndi Agoraphobia, nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi mantha kapena nkhawa m'malo osiyanasiyana opezeka anthu ambiri.

Kodi mantha ndi ofala bwanji?

Ngakhale tinganene mopanda nzeru kuti, “Ndimaopa njoka” kapena “Kutalika kumandipangitsa kumva chizungulire,” izi sizitanthauza mantha nthawi zonse. Zoona zake n’zakuti mantha omwe amapezeka kuchipatala amakhudza anthu ochepa padziko lonse lapansi.

Phobia Yeniyeni:

Kufala kwa matendawa kumasiyana malinga ndi zaka. Chodziwika n'chakuti, matenda ambiri amayamba munthu asanakwanitse zaka 10.

• Zonse: Ku United States, akuti 8% mpaka 12% ya anthu amakhala ndi Phobia Yapadera. M'madera ena a dziko lapansi, chiwerengerochi chili pakati pa 2% ndi 6%.
• Ana: Padziko lonse lapansi, ana 3% mpaka 9% amakwaniritsa zofunikira za Specific Phobia. Ku US, pafupifupi 16% ya achinyamata achinyamata (azaka 13-17) amakhudzidwa.
• Akuluakulu (65 kapena kuposerapo): Kufala kwa Specific Phobia kumachepa ndi ukalamba, ndipo zikuyerekeza kuti anthu azaka zopitirira 65 afika pa 3% mpaka 5%.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kafukufuku nthawi zonse amasonyeza kuti akazi ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wokhala ndi Phobia yapadera kuposa amuna.

Kodi zizindikiro za phobia ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za Specific Phobia ndi Agoraphobia zimafanana kwambiri, ngakhale kuti zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zochitika zimasiyana. Mukakumana ndi mantha anu enieni—kapena nthawi zina kungoganizira chabe—mukhoza kukumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi zakuthupi, zamaganizo, ndi zamakhalidwe.

Zizindikiro za M'maganizo (Momwe Mumaganizira ndi Kumvera):

• Kumva mantha aakulu komanso osapiririka .
• Kukumana ndi mantha komanso chilakolako chachikulu chofuna kuthawa.
• Kumva ngati tsoka kapena zoopsa zikubwera.
• Kumva ngati wadzipatula ku thupi lako (depersonalization) kapena kumva kuti malo okuzungulira ndi osatheka (derealization).

Zizindikiro Zakuthupi (Zokhudza thupi lanu mwachindunji):

• Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kapena kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kutuluka thukuta , kumva kutentha kapena kuzizira, kapena kumva kuzizira.
• Kunjenjemera kapena kugwedezeka.
• Kusanza , agulugufe, kapena kupweteka m'mimba .
• Kulimba kwa chifuwa kapena kupweteka.
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kumva ngati munthu walephera kupuma mokwanira.
• Chizungulire , mutu wopepuka, kapena kumva kukomoka.
• Kukomoka nthawi zina.
• Kutuwa.
• Masomphenya a ngalande.

Zizindikiro za Khalidwe (Kusintha kwa moyo wanu, zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena zizolowezi):

• Mumayesetsa kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi vuto la trypanophobia (kuopa singano), mungasiye dala kupita kukayezetsa dokotala nthawi zonse kapena kupewa kupita kwa dokotala wa mano.
• Mumasintha kwambiri moyo wanu kuti mupewe zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni mantha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumaopa mphepo yamkuntho, mungasamuke kumadera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kupita kukakhala kwina.
• Mumapewanso mwayi wabwino wa moyo chifukwa ungakupangitseni kulimbana ndi mantha anu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi mantha a madzi (aquaphobia), mungapewe kuvomereza ntchito yomwe mumaifuna kapena kusamukira m'nyumba yomwe ili pafupi ndi mtsinje, nyanja, kapena nyanja.

Zizindikiro za Phobias mwa Ana

Ana amathanso kukhala ndi mantha enaake, ngakhale kuti angasonyeze zizindikiro zawo mosiyana ndi akuluakulu. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kulira mopitirira muyeso.
• Kukwiya kapena khalidwe laukali.
• Kuzizira pamalo pake.
• Kumamatira kwa wosamalira kapena kukana kupatukana ndi munthu amene amamuona ngati gwero la chitetezo.

Kodi N'chiyani Chimayambitsa Phobias?

Chiwopsezo cha mantha chimachitika pamene ubongo wanu umatenga malingaliro abwinobwino a mantha ndi nkhawa kufika pamlingo woopsa komanso wosalamulirika. Muzochitika zachibadwa, malingaliro awa ndi oteteza; ndi njira ya ubongo wanu yokuchenjezani kuti pali cholakwika kapena kuti mungakhale pachiwopsezo. Ngakhale akatswiri akuyesetsabe kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake malingaliro amenewa nthawi zina amasanduka mantha, zinthu zingapo ndi njira zina zingathandize kuti akule:

• Zochitika zoopsa: Izi zitha kukhala zochitika zomwe zinakuchitikirani mwachindunji, kapena zomwe munaziwona. Mwachitsanzo, kulumidwa ndi galu ali mwana kungayambitse mantha osatha a agalu.
• Majini: Ngati wachibale wanu ali ndi vuto la mantha, mwina muli ndi vuto lalikulu la majini loti mungakhale nalo—makamaka pankhani ya nyama, magazi/njira zachipatala, kapena malo enaake.
• Kufalitsa uthenga: Mutha kukhala ndi mantha pophunzira za chinthu china kudzera mukumva zinthu zoopsa nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, kumva nkhani pafupipafupi zokhudza ngozi za ndege kungayambitse mantha oyenda pandege.
• Mantha ophunziridwa: Kuona mantha a ena kungakupangitseni kukhala ndi mantha omwewo. Kulera ana mopitirira muyeso kungakhalenso chifukwa china, chifukwa kungalepheretse ana kukhala olimba mtima kuti athetse mantha achibadwa.

Kodi Mavuto Otani Omwe Angakhalepo a Phobias?

Ngati mantha sakuyendetsedwa bwino, akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo kwa nthawi yayitali pa thanzi lanu lakuthupi komanso lamaganizo, makamaka ngati nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zili zazikulu. Ngakhale n'zovuta kunena kuti mantha amayambitsa matenda ena mwachindunji, nthawi zambiri amakhalapo nthawi imodzi, ndipo mantha amatha kukulitsa mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Matenda amisala omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi phobias ndi awa:

• Matenda a nkhawa
• Matenda a Bipolar
• Matenda ovutika maganizo
• Matenda a umunthu (makamaka matenda odalira umunthu)
• Matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Matenda a Somatic Symptoms

Matenda akuthupi omwe angaipe kwambiri chifukwa cha nkhawa yokhudzana ndi mantha:

• Matenda a mtima
• Matenda osatha oletsa kupuma (COPD)
• Matenda a Parkinson
• Mavuto a kusasinthasintha ndi chizungulire (zomwe zingayambitse kugwa ndi kuvulala kogwirizana)
• Zizindikiro za matenda a dementia

Kodi Phobias Amapezeka Bwanji?

Katswiri wa zamaganizo, monga katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo, amatha kuzindikira vuto la mantha kapena agoraphobia kudzera mu kuyankhulana ndi dokotala. Palibe mayeso a magazi, ma scans, kapena mayeso enaake a labotale ofunikira kuti atsimikizire izi.

Dokotala wanu mwina adzagwiritsa ntchito mafunso apadera kuti atsogolere kukambirana kwanu. Angakufunseni kuti:

• Kodi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lanu ndi ziti?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe mumakumana nazo, ndipo zimakhala zoopsa bwanji?
• Kodi zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhudzidwa bwanji ndi mantha awa?
• Kodi zizindikiro zimenezi zinayamba liti?
• Kodi mudakumanapo ndi zochitika zilizonse zoopsa m'mbuyomu kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse nkhawa?

Dokotala wanu amafunsa mafunso awa kuti adziwe ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zachipatala kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matenda.

Zizindikiro Zodziwira za Phobia Yeniyeni

• Mumakhala ndi mantha aakulu kapena nkhawa yokhudza chinthu kapena vuto linalake.
• Choyambitsa chimayambitsa mantha nthawi yomweyo , nkhawa, kapena zonse ziwiri.
• Mumapewa mwamphamvu choyambitsa, kapena mumapirira ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu.
• Mantha kapena nkhawa yanu sizingafanane ndi zoopsa zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa.
• Mantha kapena nkhawa zakhalapo kwa miyezi yosachepera isanu ndi umodzi .
• Zizindikiro zanu zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu pa moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku (ntchito, moyo wa anthu, kapena maphunziro).
• Zizindikiro zanu sizingathe kufotokozedwa bwino ndi vuto lina (monga Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder kapena Panic Disorder).

Kodi Phobias Amachiritsidwa Bwanji? Kodi Angachiritsidwe?

Chithandizo cha mantha nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo psychotherapy, mankhwala, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Njira yosankhidwa imadalira mtundu wa mantha, kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu, moyo wanu, ndi zomwe mumakonda. Katswiri wa ku Nirogi Lanka angakambirane njira zochiritsira zochokera ku umboni zomwe zingakuthandizeni kwambiri pa vuto lanu.

Chithandizo cha maganizo:

Njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yothandizira munthu woopa mantha ndiyo kuthana ndi maganizo ndi makhalidwe ozungulira mantha anu. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yomwe imakuthandizani kuphunzira kuthana ndi mantha ndi nkhawa zanu bwino pakapita nthawi.

Chithandizo Chowonekera:

Njira ina yamphamvu yochiritsira ndi kuchiza pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukhudzana ndi khungu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

• Kuchepetsa Kuzindikira Zinthu Mwadongosolo (Kuwonekera Mwadongosolo): Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kukudziwitsani pang'onopang'ono komanso mwadongosolo zomwe zimayambitsa mantha anu. Pakapita nthawi, dokotala wanu adzakutsogolerani kuti mugonjetse mantha anu, kuyambira ndi zinthu zosavutitsa kwambiri ndikuyesetsa kufika pazovuta kwambiri. Njirayi imakuthandizaninso kukhala ndi malingaliro ndi machitidwe atsopano kuti muchepetse nkhawa zanu.
• Kusefukira kwa Madzi: Mofanana ndi njira yochepetsera mantha, njira iyi imaphatikizapo kukudziwitsani komwe kumayambitsa mantha anu nthawi imodzi, osati pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimakuthandizani kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa mantha anu kuti muchepetse nkhawa. Ngakhale sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa anthu ena; komabe, madokotala ambiri amalangiza kuti njira iyi igwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala kwambiri.

Chithandizo chowonetsa matenda chikhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

• Mu moyo weniweni: Mawu achilatini omwe amatanthauza "m'moyo weniweni." Izi zikutanthauza kukumana ndi mantha anu m'malo enieni, omwe ndi njira yamphamvu yokuthandizani kuti mumasulidwe.
• Zongoganizira: Mu njira iyi, dokotala wanu amakuthandizani kuwona mantha anu. Mwa kukonza malingaliro ndi zithunzi izi pamalo olamulidwa, mumaphunzira kuchepetsa nkhawa zomwe zimayambitsa. Kwa anthu ena oopa—makamaka omwe kuwonekera pamoyo weniweni kungakhale koopsa—iyi ikhoza kukhala njira yokhayo yotetezeka komanso yothandiza.

Mankhwala

Nthawi zina, mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mantha. Izi zingaphatikizepo mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo kapena mankhwala oletsa nkhawa. Popeza pali njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikupezeka, dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akufotokozereni chithandizo choyenera kwa inu ndikukambirana za zotsatirapo zake, ubwino wake, ndi zina zilizonse zomwe mungafune kuti mupange chisankho chodziwa bwino.

Kodi mantha angapewedwe?

Mantha nthawi zambiri amakula mosayembekezereka, ndipo amaonekera mosiyana kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Popeza mantha ndi a munthu payekha, palibe njira yotsimikizika yopewera mantha, komanso palibe njira yodziwika yochepetsera chiopsezo cha matendawa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikakhala ndi mantha?

Kuopa kungakhudze kwambiri thanzi lanu la maganizo komanso moyo wanu wonse, makamaka ngati kukukhudzana ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa vuto limodzi. Akuti pafupifupi 75% ya anthu omwe ali ndi mantha enaake ali ndi mantha angapo, zomwe zingapangitse kuti kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku kukhale kovuta kwambiri.

Popanda chithandizo, anthu ena angadzipeze akuchepetsa miyoyo yawo pakapita nthawi. Angayambe kupewa zinthu zomwe amakonda, kuyanjana ndi anthu ena, komanso zinthu zatsopano zomwe zingawapangitse kumva kuti ali okha.

Kodi mantha a phobia amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Mantha enaake nthawi zina amatha kusintha okha pakapita nthawi, koma mwayi woti izi zichitike popanda kuchitapo kanthu ndi wochepa. Ngakhale kuti mantha a ubwana nthawi zina amatha msanga, omwe amapitirira mpaka atakula amatha kwa zaka zambiri, kapena zaka zambiri.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha phobias ndi chiyani?

Chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri cha mantha enaake ndi kudzera mu chithandizo cha akatswiri, makamaka ngati chayamba msanga. Popanda chithandizo, matendawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pa thanzi lanu la maganizo ndi moyo wanu.

Kufunafuna chithandizo msanga kumabweretsa kusiyana kwakukulu, ngakhale simunakwaniritse zofunikira zovomerezeka zodziwira matenda a mantha. Izi zimakhala zoona mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu wanu kapena mtundu weniweni wa mantha anu.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji ngati ndili ndi mantha?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mantha, izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite:

• Funani thandizo. Mukangoona kuti zizindikiro zikusokoneza moyo wanu, funsani thandizo. Kuthandiza mwamsanga ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchiritse bwino.
• Tsatirani ndondomeko yanu ya chithandizo. Kaya dokotala wanu akupatseni mankhwala kapena akulangizani nthawi yoti mulandire chithandizo, kutsatira ndondomeko yanu kudzakuthandizani kuti chithandizocho chikhale chogwira mtima kwambiri komanso kukuthandizani kuti muchire msanga.
• Ikani patsogolo makhalidwe abwino a moyo. Kukhala wotanganidwa, kudya zakudya zoyenera, kugona mokwanira, komanso kupewa mowa kapena mankhwala osapatsidwa mankhwala kudzakuthandizani kwambiri kuthana ndi nkhawa komanso kuthandizira thanzi lanu lonse la maganizo pamene mukuyesetsa kuthetsa mantha anu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Padzidzidzi (ED) liti?

Kuopa kwambiri kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda ena amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo. Nthawi zina, matendawa angayambitse kuganiza zodzivulaza kapena kudzipha.

Ngati mukuganiza zodzivulaza, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti winawake amene mumamudziwa ali pachiwopsezo, chonde funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Ku Sri Lanka, mutha kuyimbira National Mental Thanzi Helpline pa 1926. Kapena, pitani ku dipatimenti yapafupi yothandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi kuchipatala. Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti pali chiopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kudzipha, chonde imbani nambala yadzidzidzi ya apolisi pa 119.

Mungaganize kuti kukhala ndi mantha ndi chizindikiro cha kufooka, koma sichoncho. Mantha ndi ofala kwambiri ndipo angakhudze aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu kapena mbiri yake. Monga momwe palibe manyazi kufunafuna chithandizo cha fupa losweka kapena matenda a khutu, palibe manyazi kufunsira thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo .

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mantha, chonde lankhulani ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kuphunzira kuthana ndi—kapena kuthetsa—mantha anu, kuti musakhalenso ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse za zomwe zingachitike tsiku lililonse.

Malingaliro omaliza ochokera ku Nirogi Lanka

Monga tafotokozera kale, mantha ndi matenda ovuta omwe angakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndichakuti mantha amatha kuchiritsidwa.

• Simuli nokha. Anthu ambiri amakumana ndi malingaliro omwewa.
• Musachite mantha kapena manyazi kupempha thandizo; ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu zazikulu.
• Mukalandira chithandizo choyenera msanga, mutha kupitirira mantha awa ndikubwezeretsa ulamuliro pa moyo wanu kuti mukhale mosangalala komanso momasuka.
• Kumbukirani, thanzi lanu la maganizo ndi lofunika kwambiri monga momwe thanzi lanu lakuthupi lilili, ndipo kuliteteza ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakudzisamalira.

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, chonde funsani dokotala woyenerera kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo.Simuyenera kuyenda ulendo uno nokha.