Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa ya M'mimba

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo magazi pang'ono mu ndowe zanu mukamapita kuchimbudzi? Kapena nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa matumbo anu, kupweteka m'mimba, kapena kudzimbidwa? Musanyalanyaze izi ngati zachilendo. Chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda oopsa monga khansa ya m'matumbo. Zingawoneke zovuta kuzilankhula, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa thanzi lanu. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane, m'njira yosavuta.

Mwachidule, kodi khansa ya m'matumbo ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'matumbo ndi kukula kosalamulirika kwa maselo osazolowereka m'khoma la m'matumbo, kuphatikizapo rectum. Iyi nthawi zambiri ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono.

Nthawi zambiri, imayamba ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono (polyps) tomwe timapanga khoma lamkati mwa rectum. Timatcha tinthu tating'onoting'onoti adenomas . Zingatenge zaka 10 mpaka 15 kuti kachinthu kakang'ono ngati aka kakhale khansa. Inde, ndi zoona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizichitika mwadzidzidzi.

Chabwino kwambiri n’chakuti mayeso monga colonoscopy amatha kuzindikira ndi kuchotsa ma polyp amenewa asanakhale khansa. Chifukwa chake, kuchita mayesowa pa nthawi yake kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya m’matumbo. Ngakhale khansa itayamba, ngati yapezeka msanga, imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni yochotsa polyp.

Pakati pa khansa zomwe zimayamba m'mimba mwathu, khansa ya m'matumbo ndiyo yofala kwambiri, pambuyo pa khansa ya m'matumbo ndi khansa ya kapamba.

Dziwani zizindikiro izi.

Nthawi zambiri, khansa iyi imatha kukhala m'thupi kwa zaka zambiri osawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro. Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi zizindikiro zina zochenjeza. Ndikofunikira kuti muzidziwe izi.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti munthu akhale ndi khansa ya m'matumbo?

Choyambitsa chenicheni cha khansayi sichinadziwikebe. Komabe, madokotala apeza zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Kodi khansa imeneyi imapezeka bwanji?

Kuzindikira matendawa nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi kufufuza kwa dokotala, kenako mayeso osiyanasiyana amalamulidwa ngati pakufunika.

Mayeso oyambira

Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikuchita mayeso akuthupi, omwe angaphatikizepo kuyezetsa kwa digito kwa rectal (DRE) .

Kenako, mayeso ofunikira kwambiri kuti atsimikizire matendawa ndi colonoscopy . Mu mayesowa, chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera chimayikidwa kudzera mu anus ndipo mkati mwa rectum ndi colon mumayang'aniridwa mokwanira. Ngati chotupa chokayikitsa (polyp) chawoneka panthawiyi, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa kuti chikaunikidwe. Timachitcha kuti biopsy .

Mayeso oti achitike ngati khansa yatsimikizika

Ngati biopsy ikutsimikizira kuti pali maselo a khansa, dokotalayo adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wa khansa, yemwe adzakuyesaninso kangapo kuti adziwe gawo lenileni la khansayo.

Mayeso a Magazi

• Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Izi zimathandiza kufufuza matenda monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, omwe angayambitsidwe ndi kutaya magazi chifukwa cha khansa.
• Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): Izi zingakupatseni lingaliro la momwe ziwalo monga impso zanu ndi chiwindi zimagwirira ntchito.
• Kuyesa kwa Enzyme ya Chiwindi: Izi ndizofunikira kuti muwone ngati khansa yafalikira ku chiwindi.
• Mayeso a Chotupa: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina (zolemba za chotupa) zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'magazi ndi maselo a khansa. Mu khansa ya m'matumbo, chizindikiro cha CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigens) ndicho chachikulu chomwe chimayesedwa.

Mayeso ena

• Proctoscopy: Kuwunika komwe kumayang'ana mkati mwa rectum kokha.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography scan): Izi zimathandiza kuona ngati khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina m'mimba.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kujambula kwa MRI ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muwone bwino momwe khansa yafalikira mpaka minofu yozungulira anus.
• Ultrasound ya Pelvic: Izi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuona kufalikira kwa khansa m'chiuno.

Kodi magawo a khansa amadziwikira bwanji?

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku mayeso onsewa, madokotala amazindikira gawo la khansa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera chithandizo. Pali magawo asanu makamaka.

• Gawo 0: Maselo a khansa ali pamwamba pa khoma lamkati la rectum.
• Gawo 1: Khansa yakula kwambiri kuposa pamwamba pa khoma ndipo yakula pang'ono mpaka pakhoma.
• Gawo lachiwiri: Chotupacho chakula kudzera mu khoma la rectum ndipo mwina chafalikira ku minofu yozungulira.
• Gawo lachitatu: Khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes pafupi ndi rectum.
• Gawo 4: Khansa yafalikira (yafalikira) ku ziwalo zakutali monga chiwindi ndi mapapo.

Kodi njira zochiritsira ndi ziti?

Pali njira zingapo zochizira khansa ya m'matumbo. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzasankha chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa inu kutengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo gawo ndi kukula kwa khansa yanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Opaleshoni

Chithandizo chofala kwambiri ndi kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa. Pali mitundu ingapo ya opaleshoni.

Mankhwala kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni

Nthawi zina mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni kuti achepetse chotupacho kapena kuwononga maselo ena onse a khansa pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

• Chemotherapy: Mankhwala omwe amawononga maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Radiation: Kuwononga maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chizilimbana ndi maselo a khansa.
• Thandizo Lolunjika: Mankhwala omwe amakhudza mamolekyu enaake omwe amakhudza kukula kwa maselo a khansa.

Kodi tingatani kuti tidziteteze ku khansa iyi?

Ngakhale palibe njira yodzitetezera khansa iyi 100%, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezo.

• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera komwe kumakuyenererani. Ngati simukudziwa, funsani dokotala.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Pewani nyama yokonzedwa kale. M'malo mwake, idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi zokhala ndi nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, tirigu wonse, ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zobiriwira.
• Pewani kumwa mowa.
• Ngati mukusuta, siyani.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikupita kukayezetsa khansa panthawi yoyenera. Chifukwa kudzera mu izi, ma polyps amatha kuzindikirika ndikuchotsedwa asanakhale khansa. Komanso, ngakhale khansa itayamba, imatha kuzindikirika msanga kwambiri. Kenako mwayi wochira ndi kuchiritsidwa umakhala wokwera kwambiri.

Colonoscopy ndiye mayeso akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mayeso ena angapo:

• Kuyesa Magazi a Chimbudzi (FOBT): Kuyesa komwe kumayesa magazi omwe ali m'chimbudzi omwe sangawonekere ndi maso.
• Kuyezetsa DNA ya chimbudzi: Kufufuza kusintha kwa majini ndi zigawo za magazi zomwe zili mu ndowe zomwe zimagwirizana ndi khansa.
• Sigmoidoscopy: Kufufuza gawo la pansi la m'matumbo ndi rectum.
• Colonoscopy yeniyeni: Kujambula kwa CT kumayesa zotupa m'matumbo ndi m'matumbo.

Kawirikawiri, aliyense wazaka zoposa 45 ayenera kuyesedwa izi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mayeso oyenera kwa inu komanso nthawi yoyenera, kutengera mbiri ya banja lanu ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupita kwa dokotala mwachangu?

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha khansa iyi, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi:Uzani dokotala wanu kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala.

• Malungo a madigiri 38 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) kapena kupitirira apo.
• Mutu waukulu.
• Kumva kuzizira komanso kunjenjemera.
• Magazi mu mkodzo.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Chisokonezo.

Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matendawa, ndi zachilendo kuti mukhale ndi mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu. Choncho, popanda mantha kapena kukayikira, funsani dokotala wanu za zinthu izi ndipo mudziwe.

• Kodi ndili ndi khansa ya gawo liti?
• Kodi khansa yafalikira mpaka pati?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Ngati ndichitidwa opaleshoni, kodi ndifunika opaleshoni ya colostomy?

Khansa ya m'matumbo ingakhale nkhani yovuta kukambirana. Ndipo mayesowo akhoza kukhala owopsa pang'ono. Koma kumbukirani, moyo wanu ndi wamtengo wapatali kuposa manyazi kapena kusasangalala kwanu. Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro. Mukaipeza msanga, mwayi wanu woti mulandire chithandizo ndi kuchiritsidwa umakhala wabwino. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu lero.