Kodi mukufunanso kudziwa za mtundu uwu wa 'kugwidwa' koopsa komanso kopweteka? Tiyeni tikambirane!

Nthawi zina mwina mwawonapo munthu mwadzidzidzi atataya chidziwitso, kugwedezeka, ndikugwa pansi ndi mamina akutuluka mkamwa mwake. Kapena mwina inunso mwakumanapo nazo. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha khunyu. Chingakhale chinthu choopsa. Koma mukadziwa chomwe chili, palibe choopa. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe khunyu ndi, chifukwa chake chimachitika, komanso choti tichite.

Kodi 'kugwidwa' kumeneku n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, khunyu ndi kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa ntchito zamagetsi pakati pa maselo amitsempha (ma neuron) muubongo wanu. Ganizirani ubongo wanu ngati kachitidwe kakang'ono kamagetsi. Nthawi zina izi zingayambitse 'short circuit'. Apa ndi pamene zizindikirozi zimawonekera. Si aliyense amene ali ndi khunyu mofanana. Anthu ena angataye chikumbumtima ndi kugwedezeka. Ena sangatero, koma m'malo mwake amasiya zomwe akuchita ndikuyang'ana mopanda kanthu kwa kanthawi. Angamve ngati manja kapena miyendo yawo ikugwedezeka. Anthu ena amakhala ndi khunyu kamodzi kokha m'moyo wawo. Ena angakhale nako kangapo patsiku. Chifukwa chake zomwe mukukumana nazo zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri ndi za wina.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya khunyu ndi iti?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu ya khunyu. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

1. Kugwidwa ndi khunyu (kapena khunyu loyambira): Apa ndi pamene mphamvu zamagetsi zimayamba mbali zonse ziwiri za ubongo nthawi imodzi. Mungakhale ndi kugwedezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi lanu, kapena mbali imodzi yokha. Nthawi zina mungoyima pamenepo popanda kugwedezeka. Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata, koma ukhoza kuchitika kwa aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse.

2. Kugwidwa ndi khunyu (kapena khunyu loyambira): Mu mtundu uwu wa khunyu, mphamvu zamagetsi zimayambira mbali imodzi ya ubongo, kapena pamalo amodzi ("focus"). Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mbali imodzi ya thupi. Munthawi imeneyi mwina simukudziwa kapena simukudziwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina mukukumbukira kapena simukukumbukira khunyu. Khunyu lopitirira nthawi zina limatha, kapena limatha kufalikira mbali zonse ziwiri za ubongo.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya khunyu yomwe imakhudza ubongo wonse (`Generalized seizures`)?

Tiyeni tsopano tiwone mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khunyu yomwe imakhudza ubongo wonse (`khunyu lodziwika bwino`).

• `Kulephera kugwira ntchito`: Mu izi, mwadzidzidzi mumasiya zomwe munkachita, mumayang'ana mopanda chidwi, ndipo mumawoneka ngati simungathe kumva chilichonse kwa kanthawi. Zili ngati 'mwachoka m'dziko' kwa kanthawi. Izi zimatha zokha pakangopita masekondi ochepa.
• `Atonic epilepsy` (yomwe imatchedwanso `drop epilepsy`): Pachifukwa ichi, thupi mwadzidzidzi limataya mphamvu ya minofu ndipo limagwa pansi.
• `Clonic epilepsy`: Mu izi, mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi zimagwedezeka, ndipo pakhoza kukhala kutaya chidziwitso. Nthawi zina mbali imodzi yokha ya thupi ingagwedezeka, kenako sipangakhale kutaya chidziwitso.
• `Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kwa myoclonic`: Mu izi, minofu imodzi kapena zingapo zolumikizana pamodzi zimagwedezeka mwadzidzidzi. Zimakhala ngati kugwedezeka pang'ono, ngati kugwedezeka kwamagetsi.
• `Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kwachiwiri`: Pachifukwa ichi, mphamvu zamagetsi zimayamba kugwira ntchito mbali imodzi ya ubongo (`kugwidwa ndi khunyu`), kenako zimafalikira ku ubongo wonse (`kugwidwa ndi khunyu kwachiwiri`).
• `Kugwidwa ndi matenda a Tonic-clonic`: Uwu ndi mtundu umene anthu ambiri amaganizira akamva mawu akuti `kugwidwa ndi matenda a khunyu`. Choyamba, minofu ya thupi imauma (`gawo la tonic`), kenako kusazindikira ndipo thupi lonse limayamba kugwedezeka (`gawo la clonic` - `kugwedezeka`).
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu: Pachifukwa ichi, munthu amataya chidziwitso ndipo minofu ya thupi imauma, koma kugwedezeka (kugwedezeka) sikumachitika.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya khunyu yomwe imakhudza gawo limodzi lokha la ubongo (`Focal seizures`)?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mitundu ya khunyu yomwe imakhudza gawo limodzi lokha la ubongo (`Focal seizures`).

• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu (komwe kale kunkadziwika kuti kugwidwa ndi khunyu pang'ono): Mu mtundu uwu wa khunyu, mumadziwa zomwe zikuchitika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mumamva, ndipo mumakumbukira pambuyo pake.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu (komwe kale kunkadziwika kuti complex partial seizures): Khunyu ikachitika, mumataya chidziwitso, simudziwa zomwe zikukuzungulirani, ndipo simukumbukira zomwe zinachitika pambuyo pake.

Kodi matenda a khunyu ndi ofala bwanji?

Mwina mukudabwa kuti matendawa ndi ofala bwanji. Padziko lonse lapansi, akuti munthu m'modzi pa anthu 10 aliwonse adzakumana ndi vuto la khunyu kamodzi pa moyo wawo. Choncho izi sizosazolowereka kwenikweni.

Kodi zizindikiro za khunyu ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za khunyu zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa khunyu, koma zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kutaya chidziwitso.
• Kusuntha kwa thupi kosalamulirika (kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka kwa minofu, kugwedezeka).
• Kuyang'ana, osayang'ana chilichonse .

Kuwonjezera pa izi, pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zina:

• Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa malingaliro (chisokonezo, mantha, chimwemwe, nkhawa).
• Chokokera mano.
• Kutulutsa madzi.
• Maso akuyendayenda mosadziwika bwino.
• Kutaya mphamvu yolamulira mkodzo kapena matumbo.
• Kupanga phokoso lachilendo (monga kung'ung'udza, kupumira).

Koma kumbukirani kuti zizindikirozi ndi zakanthawi kochepa . Nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira masekondi angapo mpaka mphindi zingapo.

Kodi magawo a khunyu ndi ati?

Matenda ena a khunyu ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, koma si aliyense amene amakumana ndi magawo onsewa.

1. Gawo la Prodrome:Mungazindikire kusintha kwa maganizo ndi khalidwe lanu masiku angapo musanayambe kudwala khunyu. Mungamve chizungulire, kuvutika kuganizira bwino, kapena kuvutika kugona.

2. Gawo la aura: Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zina musanayambe zizindikiro zoyamba za khunyu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kusintha kwa masomphenya (kuona kuwala kowala, kuona zinthu molakwika), mutu, chizungulire, nseru, mantha, nkhawa, ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu zanu zomvera (kusintha kwa kukoma, kununkhiza, phokoso, ndi kukhudza).

3. Gawo la Ictal: Apa ndi pamene khunyu imayamba. Apa ndi pamene mudzakumana ndi zizindikiro zomwe tatchula kale.

4. Gawo la postictal: Mukamaliza kugwidwa ndi khunyu, mutha kukhala ndi chisokonezo, kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka kwa thupi, komanso malingaliro amphamvu (chisoni, mkwiyo, chimwemwe).

Chofunika ndichakuti si khunyu zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi gawo loyambirira la chizindikiro lotchedwa ``Aura``. Nthawi zambiri, khunyu imabwera mwadzidzidzi, popanda chenjezo lililonse.

Kodi zizindikiro zochenjeza za khunyu ndi ziti?

Anthu ena angaone zizindikiro zochenjeza asanayambe kugwidwa ndi khunyu, koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri kwa aliyense.

• Zizindikiro za kumva: kuona kuwala kowala, kuona zinthu mosiyana, kumva mwadzidzidzi mawu achilendo, kumva mwadzidzidzi kukoma kwachilendo (monga chitsulo, kuwawa) kapena fungo, kumva zachilendo pakhungu (monga dzanzi kapena kumva kuwawa).
• Kusintha kwa malingaliro: Kuyamba mwadzidzidzi kwa malingaliro amphamvu (mantha, chisangalalo), kumva ngati chinachake chachitika kale ngakhale kuti ndi chatsopano (`déjá vu`), kapena kumva ngati chinthu chatsopano ngakhale kuti ndi chodziwika bwino (`jamais vu`).
• Zizindikiro zodziyimira pawokha: Izi ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza machitidwe a thupi omwe ubongo wanu umawongolera okha. Zitsanzo zake ndi thukuta, kutulutsa madzi m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi khungu loyera.

Kodi zifukwa za khunyu ndi ziti?

N’chifukwa chiyani khunyu imachitika? Monga ndanenera kale, chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi, kosazolowereka, komanso kosalamulirika kwa ntchito zamagetsi pakati pa maselo a mitsempha (`Neurons`) muubongo wanu. Maselo a mitsempha awa amalankhulana kudzera mu zizindikiro zamagetsi. Pa nthawi ya khunyu, maselo a ubongo omwe akhudzidwa amatumiza zizindikirozi ku maselo ena m'dera lozungulira popanda kulamulira. Kufalikira kwakukulu kwa ntchito zamagetsi kumeneku ndiko kumayambitsa zizindikiro za khunyu.

Zifukwa za khunyu zingagawidwe m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Khunyu loyambitsa matenda (kapena khunyu lopanda matenda): Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la kanthawi kochepa kapena chochitika china chake (chotchedwa choyambitsa). Izi zikutanthauza kuti khunyu limayamba chifukwa cha chinachake.

2. Khunyu losayatsidwa (`Khunyu losayatsidwa` kapena `khunyu losayatsidwa`):Izi zimachitika zokha, popanda chifukwa chilichonse chodziwika bwino. Zingathenso kuchitika pafupipafupi. Khunyu ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda otchedwa khunyu.

Nthawi zina, palibe chifukwa chomveka bwino chomwe chimayambitsa khunyu. Timatcha izi kuti 'khunyu la idiopathic'.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu?

Palibe zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli kwa aliyense, koma pali zina zomwe zimafala:

• Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (kotsika kwambiri kapena kokwera kwambiri).
• Mankhwala ena (monga `Wellbutrin®` kapena `bupropion`).
• Ma nyali owala, onyezimira kapena owala.
• Matenda a kutentha.
• Malungo aakulu.
• Kusowa tulo.
• Kupsinjika maganizo.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa (makamaka zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mowa mukasiya kumwa mowa).

Ngati mumakhala ndi khunyu pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulemba zomwe munkachita komanso momwe zinthu zinalili musanayambe khunyu. Izi zithandiza dokotala wanu kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu.

Ndi matenda ena ati omwe angayambitse khunyu?

Kukomoka kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda ena osiyanasiyana. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:

• Matenda olakwika m'mitsempha yamagazi ya ubongo (`Aneurysms`).
• Zotupa za muubongo.
• Kusowa kwa mpweya wokwanira ku ubongo (`cerebral hypoxia`).
• Matenda a mitsempha ya m'mitsempha.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Kuvulala kwambiri pamutu (`Severe concussion` ndi `traumatic brain injury`), makamaka ngati munthu wataya chikumbumtima.
• Matenda omwe amafooketsa ubongo pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, matenda a Alzheimer's kapena frontotemporal dementia.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi khunyu (`Eclampsia`) panthawi ya mimba.
• Mavuto a electrolyte, makamaka kuchuluka kochepa kwa sodium (hyponatremia), calcium, kapena magnesium.
• Khunyu - Izi zimadziwika ndi khunyu pafupipafupi popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu.
• Matenda a majini.

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina:

• Kusintha kwa mahomoni (`kusintha kokhudzana ndi mahomoni`).
• Matenda (makamaka encephalitis, meningitis, kapena sepsis).
• Kutupa chifukwa cha matenda a autoimmune.
• Mavuto amisala (otchedwa `psychogenic seizures`), mwachitsanzo `conversion disorder`.
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo omwe amachitika munthu akangobadwa (`Congenital brain abnormalities`).
• Kukwapulidwa.
• Kumeza poizoni (poizoni wa carbon monoxide, poyizoni wa zitsulo zolemera).
• Kulumidwa ndi njoka kapena kulumidwa ndi nyama zina zoopsa.

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khunyu?

Aliyense, wa msinkhu uliwonse, akhoza kukhala ndi khunyu. Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda ena.
• Ngati wina m'banjamo wakhala ndi khunyu (majini).
• Kwa ana (osakwana zaka 18).
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 50.

Kodi ndi mavuto ati omwe amabwera chifukwa cha khunyu?

Pa nthawi ya khunyu, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chovulala , chifukwa nthawi zambiri anthu amataya chidziwitso ndikugwa. Ngozi zimatha kuchitika akagwa, kapena akuchita zinazake (monga kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina, kapena kukwera mtunda wautali). Thupi likagwedezeka, miyendo imatha kugunda zinthu zolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu adule, aphwanye mafupa, komanso asweke mafupa.

Matenda a khunyu ndi oopsa. Amayamba pamene khunyu imatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena pamene khunyu ina ichitika munthu asanachiritsidwe kwathunthu ndi khunyu imodzi. Izi ndi zoopsa zachipatala zomwe zingawononge moyo wake. Zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ngakhale imfa.

Palinso kugwirizana kwakukulu pakati pa khunyu ndi thanzi la maganizo. Anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi mavuto a maganizo monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo . Izi zili choncho chifukwa khunyu imatha kusokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zinthu zomwe amasangalala nazo. Mutha kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso nkhawa yoti mwina mungakhale ndi khunyu lina. Simungathe kugona usiku mukudzifunsa kuti lotsatira lidzabwera liti. Ngati muli ndi khunyu pamaso pa ena, mungakhale ndi manyazi ndipo simungafune kutuluka kapena kucheza ndi anzanu. Popeza khunyu ndi chinthu chomwe sichingatheke kulamulira, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi malingaliro awa. Mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi malingaliro awa.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji ngati munthu wagwidwa ndi khunyu?

Dokotala, nthawi zambiri katswiri wa mitsempha, amazindikira khunyu. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyezetsa thupi, kuyezetsa mitsempha, ndi mayeso ena. Pa nthawi ya mayesowa, dokotalayo adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, komanso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhala ndi matenda ofanana ndi anu.

Ndikothandiza kwambiri kubweretsa munthu amene anakuonani mukugwidwa ndi khunyu kuti akakumane ndi dokotala. Popeza simungakumbukire zomwe zinachitika panthawiyo, munthuyo angauze dokotalayo tsatanetsatane.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira khunyu?

Mayeso awa amathandiza kutsimikizira ngati mukudwaladi khunyu, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, n’chiyani chinayambitsa khunyu. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pozindikira khunyu ndikupeza ngati pali malo enaake mu ubongo (`focal point`) komwe khunyu imayambira. `focal point` iyi ikapezeka, zimakhala zosavuta kwa dokotala kukonzekera chithandizo.

Nazi zina mwa mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira khunyu:

• Kuyezetsa magazi.
• Kujambula kwa CT (`Kujambula kwa CT (CT)`).
• Kuyesa kwa EEG (`Electroencephalogram (EEG)`). Izi zimayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo.
• Mayeso a majini.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)).
• Kujambula kwa PET (Positron emission tomography (PET) scan).
• Kuboola kwa msana kapena lumbar.

Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti pali kuvulala kapena vuto lina lomwe labwera chifukwa cha khunyu, akhozanso kuyitanitsa mayeso. Dokotalayo adzakuuzani (kapena munthu amene angakupangireni zisankho zachipatala) mayeso omwe akuchitidwa komanso chifukwa chake.

Kodi mankhwala a khunyu ndi otani?

Chithandizo cha khunyu chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu, kuopsa kwake, ndi chifukwa chake. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni njira monga:

• Kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa kapena vuto: Dokotala adzayesa kaye kuchiza vuto lomwe linayambitsa khunyu (monga sitiroko kapena shuga wotsika m'magazi). Izi zingathandize kupewa khunyu mtsogolo.
• Kumwa mankhwala oletsa khunyu: Mankhwalawa amatha kuletsa khunyu kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu.
• Opaleshoni: Kuchotsa kapena kusintha malo ofunikira muubongo kumene khunyu imayambira kungachepetse kuchuluka ndi kuopsa kwa khunyu.
• Kulimbikitsa ubongo: Dokotala wa opaleshoni amaika chipangizo chaching'ono mu ubongo wanu. Izi zimapereka mphamvu yamagetsi ku ubongo. Mphamvu iyi imasokoneza ntchito yamagetsi yosazolowereka ndikuyesera kuyimitsa. Pali mitundu ingapo ya kulimbikitsa ubongo, chitsanzo chimodzi ndi kulimbikitsa mitsempha ya vagus.

Ngati mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kusintha zakudya zanu. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kudya zakudya zokhala ndi ma carbohydrate ochepa kapena ketogenic kungathandize kuchepetsa kugwidwa ndi khunyu pafupipafupi. Komabe, izi zikufufuzidwabe.

Kodi mankhwala otani omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu ndi ati?

Mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa khunyu mwa:

• Imasiya nthawi yomweyo khunyu ikayamba.
• Zimaletsa khunyu mtsogolo.
• Amachepetsa kuopsa kwa khunyu.
• Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu.

Nazi mankhwala ena odziwika bwino a khunyu (izi ndi zitsanzo chabe; dokotala wanu adzasankha mankhwala oyenera kwa inu):

• `Benzodiazepine`
• `Carbamazepine`
• `Diazepam`
• `Gabapentin`
• `Lamotrigine`
• `Oxcarbazepine`
• `Phenytoin`
• `Pregabalin`
• Asidi wa Valproic

Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala atsopano, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anani nthawi zonse kuti aone ngati akugwira ntchito bwino. Zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti inu ndi dokotala wanu mupeze mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera. Ngakhale mutamva bwino, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 33% ya anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala oletsa khunyu amapeza mpumulo wonse ku zizindikiro zawo za khunyu. Enanso 33% amanena kuti zizindikiro zawo zimachepa pafupipafupi akamamwa mankhwalawo.

Kodi khunyu lingapewedwe?

Popeza khunyu ndi chinthu chodzidzimutsa, sichingathe kupewedwa kotheratu. Chinthu chabwino chomwe mungachite ndikupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse khunyu, kapena 'zimayambitsa'. Mwachitsanzo, chepetsani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu, ndipo dzitetezeni ku matenda ndi kuvulala.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikagwidwa ndi khunyu? Kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Anthu ochepera theka omwe adagwidwapo ndi khunyu kamodzi popanda chifukwa adzadwalanso kachiwiri. Komabe, ngati khunyu yachiwiri ichitika, madokotala nthawi zambiri amayamba mankhwala oletsa khunyu. Pa khunyu yoyambitsidwa, chiopsezo chokhala ndi khunyu ina chimadalira chomwe chidayambitsa khunyu yoyamba. Ngati chifukwa chimenecho chingachiritsidwe, simungakhale ndi khunyu ina (pokhapokha ngati vuto lomwelo lomwe lidayambitsa khunyu yoyamba litachitikanso).

Mankhwala amatha kuletsa khunyu kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Komabe, nthawi zina muyenera kuyesa mankhwala angapo (kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala) kuti mupeze omwe akukuthandizani.

Nthawi zina, khunyu lingakhale lovuta kuthetsa ndi mankhwala okha. Pazochitika zotere, dokotala angakulangizeni opaleshoni, kudya zakudya zapadera, kapena mankhwala ena.

Ngati mumakhala ndi khunyu pafupipafupi, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani za njira zodzitetezera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhala otetezeka. Mutha kuvala kapena kunyamula chibangili cha dokotala kapena khadi. Izi zidzadziwitsa ena zomwe mungachite ngati muli ndi khunyu.

Kodi papita nthawi yayitali bwanji kuchokera pamene munadwala khunyu?

Zizindikiro za khunyu nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira masekondi angapo mpaka mphindi zochepa, ndipo nthawi yayitali imatha mphindi 15. Komabe, ngati khunyu kangapo kachitika motsatizana (izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala), zizindikiro zimatha kupitirira nthawi.

Kodi chiyembekezo changa chamtsogolo chidzakhala chotani pankhani ya khunyu?

Popeza aliyense amakumana ndi khunyu mosiyana, momwe munthu amaonera khunyu zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Zimatengera zinthu zingapo:

• Kodi mwapeza chifukwa?
• Kodi chifukwa chimenecho chingachiritsidwe ndi kuthandizidwa?
• Kodi munagwidwa ndi khunyu lamtundu wanji?
• Kodi khunyu linali lalikulu bwanji ndipo linatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi iyi ndi nthawi yanu yoyamba ya khunyu?
• Kodi muli ndi vuto linalake la matenda lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala chizindikiro cha khunyu?
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe alipo kuti athetse vuto la khunyu lamtunduwu?

Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wokupatsani chidziwitso chaposachedwa kwambiri cha zomwe mungayembekezere. Onetsetsani kuti mwamufunsa ngati muli ndi mafunso.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mwakhala ndi khunyu koyamba m'moyo wanu , kapena ngati mwataya chikumbumtima ndipo simukudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa, muyenera kupita kuchipatala chadzidzidzi.Ngati mukuganiza kuti mukudwala khunyu koyamba muli nokha, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga.

Ngati mudakumanapo ndi khunyu kale, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zizindikiro za khunyu lina. Ngati mwakumanapo ndi khunyu lina, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala mwachangu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa khunyu lingayambitse kusintha muubongo wanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi khunyu lina. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kupeza matenda ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu.

Ngati munthu ali ndi khunyu pafupipafupi, sizingakhale zofunikira kuyimbira ambulansi nthawi iliyonse akangomaliza khunyu. Komabe, ngakhale mutadziwa chifukwa chake munakhala ndi khunyu, kuvulala komwe kunabwera chifukwa chake kungafunikebe thandizo lachipatala.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muli ndi khunyu, mungafunse dokotala mafunso monga awa:

• N’chifukwa chiyani ndinagwidwa ndi khunyu?
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji `zoyambitsa`?
• Kodi mukundilangiza chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?
• Kodi ndidzakhalanso ndi khunyu?
• Kodi ndingakhale bwanji otetezeka?

Ndi mitundu iti ya khunyu yomwe imakhudza ana?

Ana nawonso akhoza kukhala ndi khunyu. Zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu mwa akuluakulu nthawi zambiri zimakhudza ana. Nazi zina mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya khunyu ndi matenda a khunyu mwa ana (izi ndi zitsanzo chabe):

• Khunyu losapezeka (lomwe limatchedwanso khunyu losapezeka paubwana).
• Khunyu mwa ana.
• Kugwidwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
• Kupweteka kwa makanda.
• Khunyu ya myoclonic ya achinyamata.
• Matenda a Lennox-Gastaut.
• `Kugwidwa ndi matenda a Tonic-clonic`.

Kodi ndi bwino kutenga mimba ngati ndili ndi khunyu?

Inde, mutha kukhala ndi mimba yotetezeka ngati muli ndi khunyu. Koma dokotala wanu adzafuna kukuyang'anirani thanzi lanu ndi la mwana wanu nthawi zonse. Mankhwala ena oletsa khunyu sali oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya mimba. Dokotala wanu adzatha kukupatsani mankhwala ena otetezeka kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi izi, munthu wabwino kwambiri woti mulankhule naye ndi dokotala wanu.

Ngakhale kuti khunyu lingaoneke ngati chinthu chomwe mumachionera pa TV kapena m'mafilimu, lingakhale chinthu chomwe inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mumakumana nacho tsiku lililonse, kapena nthawi zambiri. Sizosangalatsa kuziona, komanso zimawopsa kwambiri kuzionera. Mungamve ngati simuli nokha musanayambe, panthawi, komanso mutayamba kudwala khunyu, ndipo zingatenge nthawi kuti muchire.

Ngakhale ngati khunyu lanu silingathe kulamulira, dokotala angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro msanga. Dokotala wanu angakuphunzitseni njira zothanirana ndi vuto lanu, kapena kukuthandizani kuzindikira ndikupewa zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu. Mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu, ndipo opaleshoni ingakhale njira ina ngati mankhwala ena sagwira ntchito.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika kwambiri zomwe tikufuna kutenga kuchokera mu nkhaniyi? (Uthenga Wopita Kunyumba)

Chabwino, nazi zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Khunyu ndi vuto la ntchito zamagetsi muubongo. Ngakhale kuti lingakhale loopsa, pali mankhwala omwe alipo kutengera chomwe chimayambitsa ndi mtundu wake.
• Si matenda onse okhuta omwe ali ofanana. Anthu ena amachita zinthu mopupuluma, ena amangokuyang'anani. Zizindikiro zake zimatha kusiyana kwambiri.
• Ngati mwagwidwa ndi khunyu koyamba popanda chifukwa chilichonse, kapena ngati mwataya chikumbumtima, funani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale zitachitikanso kachiwiri, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani molondola komanso pa nthawi yake. Musasiye kumwa nokha.
• Dziwani zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lanu ndipo yesetsani kuzipewa.
• Simuli nokha. Pali madokotala, abale, ndi abwenzi omwe angathandize ndikuthandizira anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu. Samalaninso thanzi lanu la maganizo.
• Matenda a khunyu (status epilepticus) ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lachipatala. Limafuna kugonekedwa kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi mafunso ena okhudza khunyu, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala. Adzakuthandizani.

Kugwidwa ndi Khunyu, Matenda a Ubongo, Matenda a Mitsempha, Zizindikiro