Kodi munamvapo za 'mtima wochita kupanga'? Mwina munauonerapo mufilimu. Koma kodi mukudziwadi kuti ndi chiyani, ndani akuufuna, komanso momwe umagwirira ntchito? Lero, tikambirana mwachidule za chipangizo chodabwitsa ichi chomwe chimathandiza munthu amene ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima kugwira ntchito mpaka mtima watsopano utatha kuikidwa.
Mwachidule, kodi mtima wochita kupanga ndi chiyani?
Mtima wochita kupanga ndi pampu yamakina yomwe imayikidwa m'thupi pamene zipinda ziwiri zapansi pa mtima wanu, zotchedwa ma ventricles, sizikugwira ntchito bwino. Mitima yathu ili ndi zipinda ziwiri zotere, ma ventricles akumanzere ndi akumanja. Mtima wonse wochita kupanga ukayikidwa, zipinda zonsezi zimachotsedwa ndipo chipangizochi chimayikidwa m'malo mwake.
Kotero, zomwe maselo a mtima wanu sangathe kuchita, zomwe ndi kupopera magazi m'thupi lanu, zimachitika ndi mtima wochita kupanga uwu. Chipangizochi chimalumikizidwa ku zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba za mtima wanu ('atria') ndi ku mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi.
Kodi chipangizochi chimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Tangoganizirani izi, zingamveke zachilendo pang'ono. Mtima wopangidwa uwu umapeza mphamvu yake kuchokera ku compressor ya mpweya wonyamulika (kapena `driver`) yomwe ili kunja kwa thupi lanu. Mpweya wochokera ku `driver` uyu umadutsa m'machubu awiri oonda (`drivelines`) kupita ku mtima wopangidwa ndipo umathandiza kuti ugwire bwino ntchito.
Machubu awiriwa amatuluka m'thupi kudzera pakhungu la mimba yanu ndikulumikizana ndi `driver`. Mutha kuchajitsa batire ya `driver` uyu kunyumba kapena mgalimoto. Monga `power bank` ya mafoni athu, mutha kunyamula iyi mu `chikwama` mukamayenda.
Inde, zingaoneke zachilendo kukhala ndi chipangizo chamakina m'chifuwa mwanu, koma ukadaulo uwu wapulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu zikwizikwi omwe akuyembekezera kuikidwa mtima.
Ndani akufunikira mtima wochita kupanga?
Matenda aakulu a mtima angapangitse mtima kulephera kupopa magazi bwino m'thupi lonse. Apa ndi pamene mtima wochita kupanga umafunika. Nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati "mlatho woti ulowetsedwe" wa mtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, umathandiza kuti wodwalayo akhale wathanzi komanso wamphamvu mpaka mtima wochokera kwa wopereka chithandizo utakhalapo.
Munthu amene ali ndi matenda otsatirawa angafunike mtima wochita kupanga.
| Matenda | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kulephera kwa Mtima | Mtima sungathe kupompa magazi okwanira kupita ku thupi. |
| Matenda a mtima aakulu | Pamene minofu ya mtima yawonongeka kwambiri. |
| Mavuto a mtima obadwa nawo | Kwa zilema zina zovuta zobadwa nazo. |
| Matenda a mtima | Kufooka, kukhuthala, kapena kuuma kwa minofu ya mtima. |
| Chipangizo cha LVAD cholephera | Chipangizo cha LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device) chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira ventricle yakumanzere chikalephera kugwira ntchito. |
| Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (Arrhythmia) | Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka komwe kumaika moyo pachiswe. |
Ngati mtima wanu sukugwira ntchito bwino, mungakumane ndi zizindikiro monga:
- Kumva kutopa kwambiri nthawi zonse.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (hypotension).
- Kutupa (edema) m'thupi, makamaka akakolo ndi mimba .
- Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira).
- Kusamva bwino mukagona pabedi.
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Popeza opaleshoniyi ndi yaikulu, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa sabata imodzi musanachite opaleshoniyi. Panthawiyi, gulu lachipatala lidzakuphunzitsani inu ndi banja lanu za mtima wochita kupanga, momwe ungakhudzire moyo wanu, komanso zomwe mungachite ngati pali mavuto.
Komanso, mayeso angapo adzachitidwa kuti aone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino lokwanira opaleshoniyo.
Mayeso asanachitike opaleshoni
- Kuyezetsa magazi
- Kujambula kwa CT
- X-ray pachifuwa
- Electrocardiogram (ECG kapena EKG)
- Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram)
- Kuyesa kwa ntchito ya m'mapapo
Momwe opaleshoni imachitikira
Opaleshoni iyi imachitika ndi gulu la akatswiri, kuphatikizapo madokotala a opaleshoni ya mtima. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kupweteka ndipo mudzakhala ndi chubu chopumira kuti chikuthandizeni kupuma.
1. Choyamba, dokotala adzakudulani pachifuwa mwa kudula fupa pakati pa pachifuwa chanu. Izi zimatchedwa `(Sternotomy)`.
2. Kenako, adzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu kwakanthawi.
3. Pa opaleshoni, mudzalumikizidwa ndi `makina odutsa mtima ndi mapapo` kuti magazi anu aziyenda bwino.
4. Kenako, zipinda ziwiri zofooka zapansi ('ma ventricles') za mtima wanu zimachotsedwa.
5. M'malo mwake , mtima wochita kupanga umayikidwa , kuulumikiza ku zipinda zapamwamba za mtima (`atria`) ndi mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi.
6. Pomaliza, makina odulira mtima ndi mapapo amayimitsidwa ndipo mtima wochita kupanga umayatsidwa.
Opaleshoni yonse ingatenge maola pafupifupi 9. Iyi ndi opaleshoni yovuta kwambiri.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mukatha opaleshoni, mudzalowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU). Kwa masiku oyamba, mudzalumikizidwa ndi chopumira mpweya kuti chikuthandizeni kupuma. Mudzapatsidwa zakudya kudzera mu chubu kapena saline (IV). Mudzapatsidwanso mankhwala opweteka.
Pamene mukuchira pang'onopang'ono, mudzatha kupuma nokha, kudya ndi kumwa, komanso kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kuchipatala.
Chinthu chapadera ndichakuti madokotala satseka chifuwa chanu nthawi yomweyo mutachita opaleshoni. Amatseka chifuwa chanu kwathunthu patatha tsiku limodzi chifukwa akufuna kuwonanso china chake mkati mwa chifuwacho kapena kuchichiza mosavuta pakagwa ngozi.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Ubwino waukulu
Ubwino waukulu wa izi ndikuti umapulumutsa miyoyo . Popanda mtima wochita kupanga, anthu ambiri amafa akudikira mtima wogwirizana nawo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, pang'onopang'ono mumapezanso mphamvu ndikuyamba kumva bwino kuposa kale. Izi zimakupatsani mphamvu ndi thanzi lofunikira kuti mupatsidwe mtima woikidwa.
Zoopsa ndi zovuta
Odwala omwe amafunikira mtima wochita kupanga ali kale ndi matenda aakulu. Opaleshoni ndi kukhala ndi chipangizochi kungayambitse zoopsa zina.
- Magazi amaundana
- Stroke
- Kutuluka magazi ambiri
- Matenda
- Kulephera kwa impso kapena chiwindi
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Izi ndi zoopsa zazikulu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi kaye.
Kuchira ndi kudzisamalira
Mukamaliza opaleshoni, mudzayenera kuchira kuchipatala kwa mwezi umodzi. Mukapita kunyumba, mutha kuchita zinthu zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku. Mutha kunyamula 'dalaivala' amene ndatchula kale uja mu 'chikwama' ndikuyenda momasuka.
Umu ndi momwe muyenera kudzisamalira:
- Pitani kukayezetsa kuchipatala pa masiku omwe akonzedwa.
- Imwani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa kuti mupewe magazi kuundana ndi matenda opatsirana pa nthawi yake.
- Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima.
- Gonani bwino.
- Chitani nawo mapulogalamu ochiritsira matenda a mtima ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani.
Nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala mwachangu
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutachita opaleshoni, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Malungo | Kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda m'thupi. |
| Zizindikiro za Stroke | Kugwa mbali imodzi ya nkhope, kuvutika kulankhula, kutaya kukhudza mkono. |
| Kutsekeka kwa m'mapapo | Kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa. |
| Zizindikiro za matenda | Kufiira, kutupa, ndi mafinya pamalo pomwe chubucho chimalowa m'thupi. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mtima wochita kupanga ndi makina opachikira omwe amasunga odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima mpaka atapatsidwa mtima wina.
- Izi zimafuna opaleshoni yaikulu komanso yovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti munthu achire.
- Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chipangizochi, pamafunika chipangizo chamagetsi chakunja (`driver`), chomwe chiyenera kunyamulidwa nanu nthawi zonse.
- Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala ndikumwa mankhwala moyenera, chifukwa pali zoopsa monga magazi kuundana, matenda opatsirana, ndi sitiroko.
- Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zizindikiro zilizonse zochenjeza, monga malungo, zizindikiro za sitiroko, kapena kupuma movutikira.
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