Kodi nthawi zina mumaganiza kuti mwana wanu wamkazi ndi wamfupi kuposa ana ena? Ngakhale kuti anzanu ena a msinkhu wake afika msinkhu wokhwima, mwana wanu wamkazi sakusonyezabe zizindikiro zimenezo? Ndizachilendo kuti mayi kapena bambo azimva mantha pang'ono komanso kuda nkhawa ndi zinthu ngati izi. Nthawi zambiri, izi zitha kukhala zinthu zachibadwa. Komabe, nthawi zina chifukwa cha izi chingakhale matenda apadera otchedwa 'Turner Syndrome' omwe amakhudza atsikana okha. Sitiyenera kuopa tikamva dzinali. Lero, tikambirana momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino za izi, chifukwa chake zimachitika, komanso zomwe zingachite.
Mwachidule, kodi Turner Syndrome ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Turner ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amakhudza atsikana okha. Si opatsirana.
Tiyeni tibwerere ku sayansi ya zamoyo kuti timvetse izi. Mwachidule, selo lililonse m'thupi lathu lili ndi 'ma chromosome' omwe amatsimikizira zambiri za majini athu (kutalika kwathu, mtundu, mawonekedwe, ndi zina zotero). Kawirikawiri, selo lachikazi limakhala ndi ma chromosome awiri ogonana otchedwa X (XX). Selo lachimuna limakhala ndi X imodzi ndi Y imodzi (XY).
Matenda a Turner ndi matenda omwe mwana wamkazi akusowa ma chromosome onse awiri a X kapena gawo lake. Izi zimachitika mwangozi panthawi yoyembekezera kapena panthawi ya embryonic. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti izi sizichitika chifukwa cha vuto lililonse la mayi kapena bambo .
Matendawa angakhudze mwana aliyense mosiyana, koma pali zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimafala:
1. Kukhala wamfupi kuposa ena (kutalika kochepa)
2. Mazira osagwira ntchito bwino , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutha msinkhu komanso kuthekera kobereka ana zimakhudzidwa.
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti? Kodi tingazizindikire bwanji izi?
Ana ena amasonyeza zizindikiro zimenezi akangobadwa. Kwa ena, zizindikirozo zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono ali ana. Nthawi zina, izi sizimaganiziridwa mpaka atakula. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikirozi.
Nthawi zina mayeso a mimba, monga ultrasound scan panthawi ya mimba, angapereke umboni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana akuwoneka ngati ali ndi madzi kumbuyo kwa khosi lake, kapena ngati pali vuto la mtima kapena impso zake, madokotala angakayikire.
| Nthawi yoyambira zizindikiro | Zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zingawonekere |
|---|---|
| Pakubadwa kapena nthawi yochepa pambuyo pake |
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| Mu ubwana, unyamata, ndi ukalamba |
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Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, si ana onse omwe ali ndi matenda a Turner omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zonsezi. Ana ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro konse, ndipo vutoli silingadziwike mpaka atakula.
Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya Turner syndrome?
Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu kutengera momwe vutoli limachitikira.
Monosomy X
Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Apa ndi pomwe chromosome imodzi ya X imasowa konse mu selo lililonse m'thupi la mwana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto lachisawawa mu dzira la mayi kapena umuna wa bambo panthawi yoyembekezera. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimaonekera kwambiri mu mtundu uwu.
Matenda a Mosaic Turner
Monga momwe mawu oti 'mosaic' akusonyezera, chomwe chikuchitika apa ndi chakuti gawo kapena chromosome yonse ya X ikusowa m'maselo ena okha m'thupi la mwana.Maselo ena ali ndi ma chromosome abwinobwino (XX). Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati khoma lopangidwa ndi njerwa zazing'ono (maselo). Mu mkhalidwe wa mosaic, njerwa zina zokha ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi kusiyana kotere. Zina zimakhala zabwinobwino. Ichi ndi cholakwika chosayembekezereka chomwe chimachitika panthawi yogawa maselo panthawi ya embryonic siteji. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zochepa, ndipo zingakhalenso zovuta kuzizindikira.
Ndi mavuto ena ati azaumoyo omwe angachitike chifukwa cha vutoli?
Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Turner ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto ena azaumoyo, choncho ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala nthawi zonse.
| Dongosolo lovuta | Zovuta zomwe zingatheke |
|---|---|
| Mitsempha ya mtima ndi magazi (mtima) | Pafupifupi 50% ya ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Turner syndrome akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mtima obadwa nawo. Mavuto a aorta, mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe umanyamula magazi kupita ku thupi, ndi ofala kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungachitikenso. |
| Dongosolo la mafupa | Pali chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda monga osteoporosis, fractures, ndi scoliosis. |
| Chitetezo chamthupi (Autoimmune) | Pali chiopsezo chotenga matenda odziteteza ku matenda enaake, momwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira maselo ake. Zitsanzo: mavuto a chithokomiro (matenda a Hashimoto), matenda a celiac, matenda otupa m'matumbo (IBD). |
| Kumva ndi Kuona | Kutaya kumva kungachitike chifukwa cha matenda apakati pa khutu kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Mavuto a maso, monga maso opindika, amathanso kuchitika. |
| Impso | Mavuto ndi kapangidwe ka impso amatha kuchitika, zomwe zingayambitse matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi m'njira ya mkodzo (UTIs). |
| Zovuta pakuphunzira | Ngakhale kuti nzeru nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino, pakhoza kukhala mavuto ena pophunzira, makamaka masamu, kuwongolera zinthu, ndi kulingalira za malo. |
| Thanzi la maganizo | Kukhala ndi kusintha kwa thupi lanu komanso mavuto azaumoyo kungayambitse kudziona ngati wopanda pake, nkhawa, komanso kuvutika maganizo. |
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?
Dokotala akhoza kuzindikira vutoli mwana asanabadwe kapena atabadwa.
Asanabadwe:
- NIPT (Kuyesa kopanda kulowerera m'thupi la mwana): Iyi ndi njira yoyesera majini a mwana pogwiritsa ntchito magazi otengedwa kuchokera kwa mayi wapakati.
- Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Izi zitha kukayikiridwa ngati kujambulidwako kukuwonetsa zizindikiro za mavuto ndi mtima, impso, kapena madzimadzi a mwana omwe ali kumbuyo kwa khosi.
- Amniocentesis: Vutoli lingatsimikizidwe 100% mwa kutenga chitsanzo cha madzi amniotic ozungulira mwana ndikuchita mayeso a majini (karyotype analysis) pa maselo a mwana.
Pambuyo pobadwa:
Mwana akabadwa, ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti pali vuto kutengera zizindikiro za mwanayo, adzalamula kuti apimidwe magazi otchedwa 'karyotyping.' Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha magazi ndikuwunika ma chromosome pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti adziwe ngati chromosome ya X ikusowa, yonse kapena mbali yake.
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani? Kodi angathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?
Choyamba, chifukwa Turner syndrome ndi matenda a majini, sangathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.
Koma musachite mantha! Pali mankhwala ambiri abwino omwe alipo masiku ano omwe angakuthandizeni kuwongolera zizindikiro, kupewa mavuto omwe angakhalepo, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, wopambana, komanso wachimwemwe.
Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri mahomoni.
- Chithandizo cha mahomoni okulira m'thupi la munthu: Chithandizochi n'chofunika kwambiri kuti mwana akwere msinkhu. Ichi ndi jakisoni wa mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa tsiku lililonse. Ngati chithandizochi chiyamba ali wamng'ono, ndiye kuti, mwanayo akangozindikira kuti kukula kwake kukuchedwa, adzatha kutalika bwino.
- Chithandizo cha estrogen: Atsikana ambiri omwe ali ndi Turner syndrome sapanga estrogen mwachibadwa, choncho nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa estrogen kuchokera kuzinthu zina zakunja panthawi ya kutha msinkhu (pafupifupi zaka 11-12). Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za kutha msinkhu, monga kukula kwa mawere ndi kuyamba kwa msambo. Ndikofunikanso kuti mafupa ndi mtima zikhale zolimba.
- Chithandizo cha Progestin: Pambuyo pa zaka zingapo za chithandizo cha estrogen, mahomoni otchedwa progestin amaperekedwanso kuti asunge msambo mwachibadwa.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala a mahomoni amenewa, ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo ndi kupimidwa nthawi zonse ndi akatswiri oyenerera kuti adziwe mavuto omwe takambirana kale (monga matenda a mtima, mavuto a impso, ndi vuto la kumva).
Kodi ndiyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala liti za mwana wanga?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu momwe zingathere.
Yang'anirani kukula kwa mwana wanu ndi zochitika zake zofunika. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu wamkazi ndi wamfupi kwambiri kuposa ana ena a msinkhu wake, kapena ngati akuwonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wa ana.
Pali zinthu zina ziwiri zofunika zomwe madokotala amalangiza:
- Kuwunika mwana wanu ngati ali ndi vuto la kuphunzira: Ndi bwino kuyang'anitsitsa kukula kwa mwana wanu msanga, mwina ali ndi zaka 1-2, ndikuyang'ana ngati ali ndi vuto la kuphunzira. Ngati alipo, mutha kulankhula ndi aphunzitsi kusukulu ndikumupatsa thandizo lapadera lomwe akufunikira.
- Kufuna thandizo la thanzi la maganizo: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna thandizo la uphungu wa thanzi la maganizo (ana psychologist) kuti muthandize mwana wanu kuthana ndi mavuto a anthu, kudziona kuti ndi wosafunika, komanso nkhawa zomwe zimabuka akakhala ndi vutoli.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi ya moyo wa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a Turner syndrome ingakhale yochepa pang'ono kuposa ya anthu onse, ndi kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi dokotala, chithandizo chamankhwala pa nthawi yake, komanso kusamalira bwino mavuto azaumoyo, akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wachimwemwe.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Turner ndi matenda omwe amakhudza atsikana okha ndipo samachitika chifukwa cha makolo.
- Zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu ndi kuchepa kwa msinkhu komanso kuchedwa kapena kusatha msinkhu.
- Zingakhudze mtima, impso, mafupa, komanso thanzi la maganizo. Chifukwa chake, kufufuza nthawi zonse kwa dokotala n'kofunika.
- Ngakhale kuti vutoli silingathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu, zizindikiro zake zimatha kuchepetsedwa bwino ndi mankhwala a mahomoni ndi mankhwala ena.
- Kuzindikira msanga n'kofunika kwambiri kuti chithandizo chipambane. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza kukula kwa mwana wanu, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
- Mwana wamkazi yemwe ali ndi matenda a Turner ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wosangalala ndi chisamaliro choyenera chamankhwala komanso chikondi ndi chithandizo cha m'banja.
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