Kodi mungamvetse bwanji manambala omwe ali mu lipoti lanu la cholesterol? (Cholesterol/Lipid Profile)

Kodi dokotala wanu anakuwuzaninso kuti muyeze magazi ndikuwona cholesterol yanu? Mutalandira lipotilo, kodi munasokonezeka ndi manambala omwe ali patsogolo pa chilichonse? LDL, HDL, triglycerides... Mwina mukudabwa kuti awa ndi chiyani, kodi manambalawa amatanthauza chiyani kwenikweni. Musachite mantha, lero tikambirana izi mwachidule, ngati kuti tikuuza mnzanu. Kumvetsetsa izi kudzakuthandizani kwambiri popanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.

Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi mbiri ya lipid iyi ndi yotani?

Kuyezetsa magazi komwe mumatenga kuti muone cholesterol yanu ndi komwe timatcha kuti `Lipid Profile`. Lipid imangotanthauza mafuta. Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumatipatsa chidziwitso chokhudza mitundu ingapo ya mafuta m'magazi mwanu. Kudziwa izi ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kungakupatseni lingaliro la chiopsezo chanu cha matenda monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko mtsogolo.

Tiyeni tiphunzire za LDL, cholesterol "yoyipa".

Nthawi zambiri timamva za cholesterol ya 'LDL' iyi. Ndipotu, thupi lathu limafunikira 'LDL' kuti ipange maselo, kupanga mahomoni ndi mavitamini. Imapangidwa ndi chiwindi chathu.

Vuto limayamba pamene pali LDL yochuluka. Kenako LDL yowonjezerayi imayamba kusonkhana pa makoma a mitsempha yanu yamagazi. Monga dothi lomwe limasonkhana mu chitoliro chamadzi. Pakapita nthawi, kusonkhanaku (plaque) kungayambitse mitsempha yanu yamagazi kukhala yopapatiza komanso yotsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko. Ichi ndichifukwa chake LDL imatchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa". Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi anu kukachepa, chiopsezo chanu chikachepa.

• Ngati mulingo wanu wa LDL uli wokwera kwambiri (woposa 190 mg/dL): Uwu ndi mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amakulangizani kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala a statin pamodzi ndi kusintha moyo wanu (zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi).
• Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulingo wanu wa LDL uli pansi pa 190 mg/dL: Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuchepetsa mulingo wanu wa LDL kwambiri, poganizira zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo (monga matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi).
• Ma LDL otsika kwambiri (oposa 40 mg/dL): Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Koma ma LDL otsika kwambiri si abwinonso. Zingayambitse kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, komanso nthawi zina chiopsezo cha sitiroko yotuluka magazi.

Kufunika kwa HDL, cholesterol "yabwino"

`HDL` (High-Density Lipoprotein) ili ngati bwenzi lathu. `HDL` ikachuluka, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chimachepa. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti `HDL` imagwira cholesterol `yoipa` `LDL` yomwe yatsala pang'ono kuyikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuibweza ku chiwindi. Zili ngati kusesa msewu ndikuyeretsa.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mitundu ina ya ma statins kungapangitse kuti HDL iwonjezeke pang'ono.

• Kodi mulingo wabwino wa HDL ndi wotani?: Mulingo woposa 40 mg/dL kwa amuna ndi woposa 50 mg/dL kwa akazi umaonedwa kuti ndi mulingo wabwino.
• Ma HDL okwera kwambiri (oposa 100 mg/dL): Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimaonedwa kuti ndi zabwino kukhala ndi ma HDL okwera, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wapeza kuti nthawi zina, ma HDL okwera kwambiri amatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusunga zonse moyenera.

Kodi ma triglycerides ndi chiyani?

Ma triglycerides si mtundu wa cholesterol, koma ndi mtundu wina wa mafuta m'magazi mwathu. Ma calories owonjezera omwe amapezeka muzakudya zomwe timadya, makamaka ochokera ku shuga, ufa, ndi mowa, amasinthidwa kukhala triglycerides ndi thupi ndikusungidwa m'maselo amafuta.

Kuchuluka kwa triglyceride m'magazi kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima. Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi triglycerides yambiri amakhala ndi HDL yotsika "yabwino" komanso LDL yotsika "yoyipa". Kuphatikiza kumeneku ndi koopsa kwambiri.

Zifukwa zomwe triglycerides imakwera m'magazi:

• Moyo waulesi wopanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri, chakudya chokonzedwa bwino (monga buledi, mpunga, Zakudya zophikidwa), ndi mafuta okhuta.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Matenda a shuga osalamulirika, matenda a impso, mavuto a chithokomiro.
• Kunenepa kwambiri.
• Mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere, HIV).
• Anthu ena angakhudzidwenso ndi majini omwe amachokera m'mabanja awo.

Ngati mulingo wa triglyceride m'magazi anu ndi wokwera kuposa 150 mg/dL, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kusintha moyo wanu, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kudya zakudya zabwino, kuchepetsa thupi, komanso kuchepetsa kumwa mowa. Angakulembeninso mankhwala.

Kodi cholesterol yabwino ndi yotani?

Tebulo ili likuthandizani kuyerekeza manambala omwe ali mu lipoti lanu ndi milingo yabwinobwino yathanzi. Mu malipoti aku Sri Lanka, mitengo iyi imayesedwa mu mg/dL (mamiligramu pa decilita), monga momwe zilili ku United States.

Mafunso ofunikira oti mufunse dokotala wanu

Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi cholesterol yambiri, musaiwale kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa.

1. Kodi kuopsa kwa cholesterol yambiri ndi kotani? Kodi ingayambitse matenda ena?

2. Kodi n’chiyani chingayambitse kuchuluka kwa mafuta m’thupi mwanga? Kodi izi ndi zobadwa nazo?

3. Kodi ndingachite chiyani pa moyo wanga komanso kunyumba kuti ndichepetse cholesterol?

4. Kodi ndikufunikadi kumwa mankhwala? Kodi palibe njira zina zochiritsira?

5. Ngati muyenera kumwa mankhwala, kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji?

6. Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji? Kodi zotsatira zake ndi ziti?

7. Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji cholesterol yanga mwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi?

8. Kodi ndingasinthe bwanji zakudya zanga? Kodi chakudya chabwino ndi chiyani komanso chomwe sichili bwino kudya ndi chiyani?

9. Kodi ndiyenera kuyezetsa liti mafuta anga a cholesterol nthawi ina?