Kodi mukukumbukira nthawi ya mliri wa coronavirus, tonse tinkangoyang'ana TV kapena mafoni athu tikudikira uthenga waposachedwa? Limodzi mwa mawu omwe mudamva nthawi zambiri panthawiyo linali "Katswiri wa Virologist." Nthawi zambiri tinkamva zinthu monga "Katswiri wa Virologist akunena izi," "Ili ndi lingaliro laposachedwa la akatswiri a virologist." Ndiye ndani katswiri wa virologist? Amachita chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane izi m'njira yosavuta.
Kodi katswiri wa mavairasi uyu ndi ndani?
Mwachidule, katswiri wa mavairasi ndi munthu amene amaphunzira mavairasi mozama ndipo ali ndi luso pa iwo. Mavairasi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri tomwe sitingathe kuwaona ndi maso athu. Amatha kupatsira osati anthu okha, nyama, ndi zomera, komanso mabakiteriya.
Katswiri wa mavairasi amafufuza zinthu zambiri zokhudza mavairasi awa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kodi kachilombo kamalowa bwanji mu selo m'thupi lathu ndikuberekana?
- Kodi zimafalikira bwanji kwa anthu oyandikana nawo?
- Kodi katemera amapangidwa bwanji kuti apewe matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi?
- Kodi mungapeze bwanji mankhwala oletsa mavairasi ochizira matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi?
Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kupeza mayankho a mafunso ovuta kwambiri ngati awa.
Kodi katswiri wa mavairasi amachita chiyani?
Ngakhale kuti mawu oti "katswiri wa mavairasi" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pali ntchito ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana pansi pa dzina limenelo. Taganizirani izi motere: ena amachita kafukufuku mu labu, pomwe ena amachiritsa odwala kuchipatala. Zili ngati mukamanena kuti "mainjiniya," pali madera osiyanasiyana monga uinjiniya wa zomangamanga ndi uinjiniya wamakina.
Mungapeze lingaliro labwino pa izi kuchokera patebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Mtundu wa ntchito | Kufotokozera kosavuta kwa zomwe zikuchitika |
|---|---|
| Kugwira ntchito m'zipatala | Zitsanzo zomwe zatengedwa kuchokera kwa odwala (monga magazi, makoswe) zimayesedwa kuti zitsimikizire kachilombo komwe kali. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amapatsidwa malangizo a chithandizo. |
| Kugwira ntchito ngati dokotala | Monga katswiri wa matenda opatsirana, mumapereka chithandizo mwachindunji kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mavairasi. Mwachitsanzo, mumapereka chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mavairasi monga HIV kapena chiwindi. |
| Kafukufuku Woyambira | Ku yunivesite kapena ku bungwe lofufuza, timachita kafukufuku pa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, monga momwe kachilombo kamagwirira ntchito komanso momwe kamalowera mu selo. Kafukufukuyu ndiye maziko opangira mankhwala atsopano. |
| Kafukufuku Wogwiritsidwa Ntchito | Amagwiritsa ntchito zomwe apeza kuchokera ku kafukufuku woyambira popanga zinthu zothandiza monga katemera kapena mankhwala oletsa mavairasi. Anthuwa nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala. |
| Utumiki m'mabungwe azaumoyo a boma | Unduna wa Zaumoyo m'dziko lina, pogwira ntchito ndi mabungwe monga World Health Organization (WHO), umapeza mavairasi atsopano omwe akubwera ndikupereka upangiri wowongolera kufalikira kwa miliri. |
Kuphatikiza pa izi, pali ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga mtolankhani amene amalemba za zamankhwala ndi wolemba ndalama zothandizira omwe amalemba malingaliro opezera ndalama zofufuzira.
Kodi muyenera kupita ku sukulu ya zamankhwala kuti mukhale katswiri wa ma virus?
Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Yankho ndi lakuti, ayi ndithu. Koma akatswiri ambiri a mavairasi ali ndi digiri ya udokotala (MD) kapena digiri ya udokotala (PhD). Ena angakhale ndi zonse ziwiri.
Mwachidule, kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi ndi uku:
- Udokotala Wachipatala (MD): Udokotala uwu umapezeka mutaphunzira ku sukulu ya zachipatala ndi maphunziro ofufuza, kuzindikira, ndi kuchiza odwala. Anthuwa amayang'ana kwambiri chisamaliro cha odwala.
- Dokotala wa Filosofi (PhD): Izi zimaperekedwa pambuyo pofufuza mozama m'munda winawake ndikuwonjezera chidziwitso chatsopano padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu awa amayang'ana kwambiri kafukufuku ndi kuthetsa mavuto.
Ngati mukufuna kuchiza odwala mwachindunji ndikugwira nawo ntchito, ndikofunikira kupeza digiri ya udokotala (MD). Koma ngati chilakolako chanu ndi kugwira ntchito mu labu, kupeza zinthu zatsopano, ndikuchita kafukufuku, PhD ndiyo yoyenera kwambiri.
Ulendo wopita ku kukhala katswiri wa ma virus
Ulendowu ndi wautali. Umafunika ziyeneretso zabwino zamaphunziro komanso kudzipereka kwambiri.
Gawo ndi Gawo...
1. Advanced Level: Choyamba, muyenera kupambana bwino gawo la Advanced Level Science, makamaka Biology ndi Chemistry.
2. Digiri yoyamba: Pambuyo pake, muyenera kupeza digiri ya Bachelor mu gawo monga Biology, Chemistry, Microbiology, kapena Medical Laboratory Science.
3. Digiri ya Postgraduate: Gawo lotsatira limadalira zolinga zanu.
- Kuti mufufuze: Muyenera kuphunzira mpaka digiri ya Master of Science (MS) kapena Doctoral Degree (PhD) mu Virology kapena gawo lina lofanana nalo.
- Kuchiza odwala: Muyenera kupita kusukulu ya zachipatala, kupeza digiri ya zachipatala (MD), kenako n’kulandira maphunziro apadera m’munda monga matenda opatsirana kapena matenda a chitetezo chamthupi.
- Kuchita kafukufuku ndi chisamaliro cha odwala: Anthu ena amachita digiri ya udokotala komanso digiri ya udokotala. Pali mapulogalamu a `MD-PhD` a zimenezo.
Kawirikawiri, ulendowu ungatenge zaka pafupifupi 10 mutamaliza sukulu ya sekondale. Ngakhale kuti nthawi imeneyo ndi yayitali, ntchito yomwe ingapatsidwe padziko lonse lapansi m'munda uno ndi yabwino kwambiri.
Nkhani zofunika paulendowu
- Biology - makamaka Microbiology, Cell Biology, ndi Molecular Biology
- Chemistry - makamaka Biochemistry
- Majini
- Chitetezo cha mthupi
- Kuphunzira za khansa (Oncology)
Kusiyana pakati pa Katswiri wa Virologist ndi Katswiri wa Epidemiologist
Tinamva mayina onsewa nthawi zambiri munthawi ya Corona. Anthu awiriwa amachita zinthu zosiyana. Tiyeni timvetse ndi chitsanzo chosavuta.
Tangoganizani kuti gulu la anthu omwe ankamwa madzi pachitsime m'mudzi wina anadwala mwadzidzidzi.
- Katswiri wa mavairasi: Chomwe amachita ndikutenga madzi a m'chitsime ndikupita ku labu kuti akapeze kachilombo komwe kali mkati mwake. Amafufuza momwe kachilomboko kamachitira komanso momwe angakawonongere. Amafufuza mozama za kachilomboka .
- Katswiri wa matenda: Chomwe amachita ndikupeza momwe matendawa amafalikira. Ndani adatenga matendawa? Ndi magulu azaka ziti? Kodi onse adamwa madzi ochokera m'chitsime chimodzi? Kodi tingatani kuti matendawa asafalikire? Amapereka upangiri pa zaumoyo wa anthu. Amayang'ana momwe matendawa amafalitsira .
Mwachidule, pamene akatswiri a mavairasi amaphunzira za mavairasi, akatswiri a matenda amaphunzira momwe kachilomboka kamafalikira m'dera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Katswiri wa mavairasi ndi katswiri amene amaphunzira mozama za mavairasi.
- Angagwire ntchito m'zipatala, m'ma laboratories ofufuza, m'mayunivesite, m'makampani opanga mankhwala, komanso m'mabungwe azaumoyo.
- Kuti mugwire ntchito imeneyi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza digiri ya udokotala (MD) kapena digiri ya udokotala (PhD). Zimatengera mtundu wa ntchito yomwe mukufuna kuchita.
- Iyi ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imafuna kudzipereka kwambiri komanso nthawi, ndipo ingapereke chithandizo chabwino kwa anthu.
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