Kodi mwaonapo kuti ana ena aang'ono salankhula bwino ngati ana ena a msinkhu wawo, ndipo mawu awo samveka bwino? Kapena, pambuyo pa ngozi kapena sitiroko , akuluakulu ena mwadzidzidzi amavutika kusonkhanitsa mawu ndi kufotokoza malingaliro? Lero tikambirana za ntchito yamtengo wapatali komanso yachifundo yomwe imathandiza anthu azaka zonse omwe ali ndi mavuto olankhulana. Umenewo ndi ntchito ya Katswiri wa Matenda a Kulankhula .
Kodi katswiri wolankhula uyu ndi ndani?
Mwachidule, katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula, kapena monga momwe nthawi zina timawatchulira, katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula ndi kulankhula, ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yozindikira ndi kuchiza mavuto omwe anthu ali nawo okhudza kulankhula, kumvetsetsa chilankhulo, komanso kulankhulana ndi ena. Izi sizikutanthauza kungopanga 'slang' yokha. Ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri kuposa pamenepo.
Taganizirani izi, tikamalankhula, ubongo wathu, pakamwa, lilime, milomo, ndi mapapo athu onse ayenera kugwira ntchito limodzi. Ngati pali vuto laling'ono kulikonse mu njirayi, lingakhudze kalankhulidwe kathu. Akatswiri olankhula ndi akatswiri mu njira yonseyi. Ndipo, musadabwe, minofu yomwe imakhudzidwa polankhula imagwiritsidwanso ntchito tikamameza. Chifukwa chake, amathandizanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lomeza .
Tiyeni tiwone madera ena omwe amaika chidwi chawo chachikulu.
| Malo | Kufotokozera Kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Mawu Omveka | Mmene timalumikizira mawu kuti tipange mawu. Ana ena amavutika kutchula zilembo monga 'ஸ', 'ர', 'ல', sichoncho? Mavuto amenewa angayambitsidwe ndi mavuto a kulankhula/matenda a mawu, mavuto a zizindikiro zomwe ubongo umalandira polankhula (Apraxia of speech), kapena kufooka kwa minofu ya pakamwa (Dysarthria). |
| Chilankhulo | Kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena ndi kufotokoza maganizo anu m'mawu. Vuto lovuta kupeza mawu pambuyo pa sitiroko limatchedwa (Aphasia). |
| Kuwerenga ndi Kulemba | Kuwerenga ndi kulemba ndi gawo la chilankhulo. Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lolankhula nthawi zambiri amavutika kuwerenga ndi kulemba. |
| Mawu | Mtundu wa mawu anu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi mawu osamveka bwino, amataya mawu awo mwachangu, amalankhula mokweza kwambiri, kapena amakhala ndi mawu a m'mphuno. Palinso mankhwala ochizira izi. |
| Kulankhula bwino | Mmene nkhaniyi ikuyendera. Kugwedezeka , monga tonse tikudziwira, ndi vuto lofala lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha izi. |
| Kulankhulana Mwanzeru | Mavuto olankhula angayambitsidwenso ndi kulephera kwa ubongo kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chilankhulo, monga kukumbukira, kusamala, komanso kuthetsa mavuto. |
| Kudyetsa ndi Kumeza | Minofu yomweyi ya mkamwa ndi pakhosi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula imathandizanso pomeza, kotero akatswiri olankhula nawonso amathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lomeza (dysphagia). |
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula athe kuzindikira mavuto onsewa molondola ndikupanga dongosolo loyenera la chithandizo.
Kodi katswiri wolankhula amachita chiyani kwenikweni?
Mungaganize kuti anthu amenewa amachita zonse zomwe amaphunzira ndi kuphunzitsa ana 'kunena makalata awo'. Imeneyo ndi gawo limodzi lokha. Ntchito yawo ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa imeneyo. Choyamba, amachita kafukufuku wathunthu wa wodwala., chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli chimadziwika. Pokhapokha dongosolo la chithandizo cha munthuyo limapangidwa.
Nazi zina mwa ntchito zomwe amapereka:
| Utumiki | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kuthandiza kupanga mawu | Amachita maseŵero olankhula bwino pogwiritsa ntchito lilime ndi milomo yawo. |
| Kuthandiza kulankhula momveka bwino | Amaphunzitsa zinthu monga njira zopumira kuti achepetse chibwibwi ndi njira zowongolera liwiro la kulankhula. |
| Kulimbitsa minofu ya pakamwa | Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi apadera amaperekedwa kuti alimbitse minofu yofunikira polankhula ndi kumeza. |
| Kuthandiza kuphunzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu | Amaphunzitsidwa kuphunzira mawu atsopano, kupanga ziganizo, ndi kufotokoza malingaliro. |
| Njira Zina Zolankhulirana (AAC) | Anthu omwe satha kulankhula amaphunzitsidwa kufotokoza maganizo awo pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi, chilankhulo cha manja, kapena zipangizo zapadera zamakompyuta (Augmentative and Alternative Communication systems). |
| Kupereka uphungu kwa banja | Banja ndi osamalira odwala amatsogoleredwa momwe angalankhulire ndi wodwalayo kunyumba komanso momwe angamudyetsere. |
Kodi ndi maphunziro otani omwe amafunikira pantchitoyi?
Kukhala katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula si ulendo wophweka. Kumafuna zaka zambiri zodzipereka komanso maphunziro apadera. Palinso mapulogalamu odziwika bwino a digiri ya yunivesite ku Sri Lanka. Masitepe apaulendo nthawi zambiri amakhala motere.
1. Pezani digiri mu gawo loyenera
Kawirikawiri, mayunivesite aboma monga University of Kelaniya amakhala ndi digiri ya B.Sc. (Hons) mu Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) makamaka pachifukwa ichi. Iyi ndi maphunziro a zaka zinayi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphunzira maphunziro monga Psychology kungakhalenso maziko.
2. Kutsata digiri ya postgraduate (ngati kuli kofunikira)
Anthu ena amaphunzira digiri ya Master akamaliza digiri yawo ya digiri yoyamba kuti apeze chidziwitso chapadera. Izi zimawathandiza kuphunzira mozama za gawo linalake, mwachitsanzo, mavuto olankhula a ana kapena mavuto olankhula okhudzana ndi matenda amitsempha .
3. Kuphunzira Chipatala Koyenera
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Mukamaliza maphunziro anu komanso mukamaliza maphunziro anu, muyenera kuphunzitsidwa m'chipatala kapena kuchipatala motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Apa ndi pomwe mungaphunzire zinthu zomwe zili m'bukuli pogwira ntchito ndi odwala ndikuwaona.
4. Kulembetsa mwaukadaulo
Kuti mugwire ntchito ngati katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula ku Sri Lanka, nthawi zambiri muyenera kulembetsa ku Sri Lanka Medical Council (SLMC) kapena bungwe loyenera lomwe linakhazikitsidwa kuti lipereke chithandizo chamankhwala chowonjezera. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatsimikizira ziyeneretso zanu.
Kodi pali mwayi wopeza ntchito ngati katswiri wolankhula?
Akamaliza maphunziro awo, pali malo ambiri komwe katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula angagwire ntchito. Iyi ndi ntchito yomwe ikukula ku Sri Lanka.
- Zipatala za boma ndi zachinsinsi: Akatswiri ochiritsa matenda a kulankhula amagwira ntchito makamaka m'magawo ochiritsira odwala m'zipatala.
- Masukulu: Ntchito zawo ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka m'masukulu ndi m'mayunitsi apadera a maphunziro komwe kuli ana omwe ali ndi zosowa zapadera zamaphunziro.
- Malo Ochiritsira Anthu Odwala: Malo ochiritsira anthu olumala ndi omwe akuchira chifukwa cha ngozi.
- Ntchito Yachinsinsi: Mutha kuyendetsa chipatala chanu kapena kupita ku nyumba ndikupereka chithandizo.
- Mayunivesite ndi mabungwe ofufuza: Pali mwayi wogwira ntchito ngati aphunzitsi kuti aphunzitse akatswiri olankhula amtsogolo komanso ngati ofufuza omwe amafufuza zinthu zatsopano m'munda umenewu.
Kumbukirani, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto lililonse lolankhula, kumvetsetsa chilankhulo, kapena kumeza chakudya, kaye pitani kwa dokotala .Funani uphungu. Ngati kuli kofunikira, dokotala adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yolankhula.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Katswiri wa Kulankhula ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yake amene amathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto olankhula, chilankhulo, kulankhulana, komanso kumeza.
- Ntchito zawo zingafunike kwa aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse, kuyambira ana aang'ono mpaka okalamba.
- Kulowa mu ntchitoyi kumafuna digiri yovomerezeka ya ku yunivesite komanso maphunziro azachipatala ofunikira.
- Ngati mukukayikira kuti inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la kulankhula kapena chilankhulo, musachedwe ndipo funsani dokotala wa banja lanu. Iye adzakutumizani kwa katswiri woyenera.
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