Kodi mukuvutika kupuma? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za mphumu

Kodi mulinso ndi chifuwa chomwe chimakudzutsani usiku? Kodi mumamva kutopa ngakhale mukuyenda mtunda waufupi? Kodi mumamva kupsinjika pachifuwa panu, kapena mumamva phokoso la mluzu mukapuma? Ngati izi zikukuchitikirani nthawi zambiri, zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha mphumu. Musadandaule, iyi ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza anthu ambiri. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za mphumu yeniyeni, zizindikiro zake, ndi zomwe tingachite nazo.

Kodi mphumu kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mphumu ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mapapu athu kwa nthawi yayitali. Madokotala ena amatchanso kuti ndi matenda osatha opumira. Ena amatchanso kuti 'mphumu ya bronchial'.

Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti njira zathu zopumira mpweya, machubu omwe amanyamula mpweya kupita ku mapapo, amatupa, amatupa, komanso amapapatiza. Monga momwe chitoliro chamadzi chimatsekekera ndi dothi ndipo chimakhala chopapatiza, zimakhala zovuta kuti madzi adutsemo. Njira zopumira mpweya zikapapatiza, zimakhala zovuta kupuma. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wokhuthala komanso womata wa ntchofu umayamba kusonkhana mkati mwa machubu awa. Zinthu zitatuzi zikagwirizana, zizindikiro za mphumu zimawonekera.

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za mphumu ndi ziti?

Si anthu onse omwe ali ndi mphumu omwe amakhala ndi zizindikiro zomwezo nthawi zonse. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala nazo nthawi zonse, pomwe ena akhoza kukhala nazo nthawi zina. Koma pali zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino.

Kodi Kuukira kwa Mphumu ndi Chiyani?

Kuukira kwa mphumu ndi kuwonjezereka kwa zizindikiro mwadzidzidzi. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti minofu yozungulira njira zopumira imalimba mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha chifukwa china (choyambitsa). Izi zimatchedwa (Bronchospasm) . Kuphatikiza apo, kutupa ndi kupanga mamina mkati mwa njira zopumira kumawonjezeka. Izi zimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta kwambiri.

Zizindikiro izi zingachitikenso panthawi ya chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu :

• Phokoso lalikulu la mluzu popuma ndi kutulutsa mpweya.
• Kutsokomola komwe sikungathe kuletsedwa.
• Kupuma mofulumira kwambiri.
• Kuvuta ngakhale kulankhula.
• Kubwerera m'mbuyo (kumva ngati minofu ya m'khosi ndi pachifuwa ikukoka mkati).
• Milomo yabuluu kapena misomali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi silikupeza mpweya wokwanira.
• Kumva nkhawa kwambiri kapena mantha.
• Nkhope ikuoneka yotuwa komanso ikutuluka thukuta.

Nthawi yoti mupeze upangiri wachipatala nthawi yomweyo

Mphumu nthawi zambiri imatha kuthetsedwa ndi inhaler. Komabe, pali zochitika zina zomwe zingakhale zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, pitani ku dipatimenti yadzidzidzi yachipatala (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mphumu?

Njira zopumira mpweya za munthu amene ali ndi mphumu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale zinthu zomwe sizili vuto kwa munthu wabwinobwino zimatha kuwonjezera zizindikiro za mphumu. Izi timazitcha 'zoyambitsa'. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

• Zinthu monga fumbi, mungu, dander ya ziweto, mphemvu, ndi nkhungu .
• Matenda opatsirana popuma: Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chimfine ndi fuluwenza.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Anthu ena amakumana ndi zizindikiro za mphumu pokhapokha akamachita maseŵero olimbitsa thupi.
• Kusintha kwa nyengo: kuzizira kwambiri kapena mpweya wouma, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa nyengo.
• Fungo lamphamvu ndi utsi: utsi wa fodya (ngakhale kusuta fodya), zonunkhira, mankhwala oyeretsera, kuipitsa mpweya.
• Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu monga aspirin.
• Chakudya: Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la ziwengo ku zakudya zomwe zili ndi zinthu zotetezera (sulfites) (monga zipatso zouma, nkhaka).
• Maganizo amphamvu: Chimwemwe chochuluka, chisoni, mantha, kapena kupsinjika maganizo kungayambitsenso kusintha kwa kapumidwe ndikuwonjezera mphumu.
• Matenda a m'mimba (GERD): Mphumu ya anthu ena imakulanso chifukwa cha asidi m'mimba yomwe imatuluka pakhosi.

Kodi mphumu imapezeka bwanji?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mphumu, pitani kwa dokotala wa banja lanu. Iye adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani. Ngati pakufunika, angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa mapapo (pulmonologist).

Pali mayeso akuluakulu angapo omwe amachitika kuti atsimikizire mphumu:

• Spirometry: Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yoyezera kupuma. Mukupemphedwa kuti mupumire mwamphamvu mu chipangizo. Imayesa kuthamanga komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mungatulutse kuchokera m'mapapu anu.
• Chiyeso Choyezera Kuyenda Kwambiri: Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kunyumba. Chingathenso kuyeza liwiro la kupuma kwanu. Izi zingakuthandizeni kuona ngati mphumu yanu ikutha.
• Mayeso ena: Nthawi zina, zinthu monga X-ray pachifuwa ndi mayeso a ziwengo zimatha kuchitidwa.

Kodi mankhwala a mphumu ndi ati?

Mphumu singathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu, koma ndi chithandizo choyenera, mutha kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu ndikukhala moyo wabwinobwino. Dokotala wanu adzapanga Ndondomeko Yogwirira Ntchito ya Mphumu kutengera kuopsa kwa mphumu yanu.

Chithandizo chimagawidwa m'magawo awiri:

1. Mankhwala Othandiza Mwachangu / Opulumutsa

Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpumulo mwachangu zizindikiro za mphumu zikayamba. Zimamasula minofu yozungulira njira zopumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta.

• Ma beta-agonists ogwira ntchito nthawi yochepa: Awa ndi omwe nthawi zambiri timawatcha 'chopumira chopulumutsa'. Chitsanzo ndi Albuterol/Salbutamol. Muyenera kusunga izi nthawi zonse.

2. Mankhwala Oletsa Kulamulira/Oletsa Kwa Nthawi Yaitali

Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro. Cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kutupa m'njira zopumira komanso kupewa matenda a mphumu.

• Mankhwala a Corticosteroids Opumira: Awa ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri komanso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa mphumu. Amachepetsa kutupa m'njira zopumira.
• Ma beta-agonists ogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali (LABA): Awa amakulitsanso njira zopumira, koma amagwira ntchito kwa maola angapo. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati mankhwala ophatikizana a inhaler ndi corticosteroids yopumira.
• Mankhwala osinthira leukotriene: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amatengedwa ngati mapiritsi. Amathandizanso kuchepetsa kutupa m'njira zopumira. Mwachitsanzo: (Montelukast).