Kodi mwana wanu akuvutika kukhala chete? Kodi nthawi zonse amathamanga, kulumpha, kunyalanyaza malangizo, kapena kuvutika kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito ya kusukulu? Monga kholo, machitidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri angakupangitseni kukhala ndi nkhawa kapena ngakhale opanda thandizo. M'mawu azachipatala, izi zimadziwika kuti ADHD , kapena attention deficit hyperactivity Disorder. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa ndichakuti ADHD nthawi zambiri imabwera yokha. Nthawi zambiri imayenderana ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo kapena machitidwe. Pamene zinthuzi zikugwirizana, timazitcha kuti Complex ADHD .
Kodi n’chiyani chimapangitsa ADHD kukhala “Yovuta”?
Mwachidule, mwana akapezeka ndi ADHD ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakumana ndi vuto limodzi kapena angapo la thanzi, limatchedwa ADHD Yovuta. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti ana awiri mwa atatu aliwonse omwe ali ndi ADHD amakumana ndi vuto limodzi lokha. Izi zingapangitse kumvetsetsa zosowa za mwana wanu komanso kupereka chisamaliro chogwira mtima kukhala kovuta pang'ono.
Tiyeni tione matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi ADHD.
| Matenda Omwe Amachitika Pamodzi ndi ADHD | Kufotokozera Kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda Otsutsa Otsutsa (ODD) | Makhalidwe monga kukangana ndi akuluakulu nthawi zonse, kusamvera malamulo, kuvutitsa ena mwadala, komanso kukwiya pafupipafupi. |
| Matenda Oda Nkhawa | Kuopa kosalekeza, mopitirira muyeso kapena kuda nkhawa za tsogolo, anthu, kapena iwo eni. |
| Kuvutika maganizo | Chisoni cha nthawi yayitali kapena kusowa chiyembekezo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti anthu asiye kuchita zinthu zomwe ankachita kale. |
| Matenda a Autism Spectrum | Mavuto okhudzana ndi kulankhulana ndi kuyanjana ndi anthu, nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi machitidwe obwerezabwereza. |
| Kulemala kwa Luntha | Mavuto pakuganiza, kuthetsa mavuto, ndi kudzisamalira omwe ali pansi pa msinkhu womwe ukuyembekezeka. |
| Matenda a Tics/Tourette | Kusuntha thupi mobwerezabwereza (monga kuphethira kapena kugwedeza miyendo) kapena mawu omveka. |
| Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo | Makamaka kwa achinyamata, chilakolako chokhudzana ndi ADHD chingawonjezere chiopsezo choyesera mankhwala osokoneza bongo. |
Kuzindikira Zizindikiro ndi Kupewa Kusokonezeka
Nthawi zina mwana aliyense amakhala ndi mphamvu kapena zinthu zina zosokoneza. Komabe, mwa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD, makhalidwe amenewa amapitirira kwambiri kusewera. Makhalidwe amenewa amakhudza kwambiri momwe amaphunzirira, moyo wa m'banja, komanso ubale wawo ndi anthu.
Zizindikiro zofala za ADHD ndi izi:
- Kulankhula mopitirira muyeso.
- Kuvuta kukhala chete kapena kukhala ndi chidwi.
- Mikangano yobwerezabwereza ndi anzanu kapena akuluakulu.
- Kuiwala zinthu nthawi zonse kapena kusasunga zinthu molakwika.
- Kuchita zinthu popanda kuganiza ( kungoganizira mopitirira muyeso ).
- Kuchita zolakwa pafupipafupi komanso mosasamala.
Vuto ndilakuti zizindikiro za matenda omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa nthawi zambiri zimafanana ndi ADHD, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira molondola.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana akuvutika kusukulu, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kusasamalira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ADHD kapena vuto lina la kuphunzira. Mofananamo, ngati mwana nthawi zambiri amakwiya kapena kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha ADHD kapena chizindikiro cha ODD.
Kodi matendawa amawapeza bwanji?
Palibe "mayeso" amodzi a ADHD yovuta—palibe kuyezetsa magazi kapena kusanthula. Ngati muwona zizindikiro izi mwa mwana wanu, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikufunsa katswiri wodziwa bwino za matenda a mitsempha.
Akatswiri oterewa ndi awa:
- Madokotala a Matenda a Maganizo a Ana
- Akatswiri a Zamaganizo a Ana
- Madokotala a Zachitukuko
Katswiri wanu adzachita kafukufuku wokwanira, kukambirana nanu za khalidwe la mwana wanu ndi mbiri yake ya thanzi. Angagwiritse ntchito zida zoyezera zokhazikika kuti aone ngati ali ndi ADHD ndi matenda ena omwe amamuchitikira. Malingaliro anu, komanso zomwe aphunzitsi ndi omwe amamudziwa bwino mwana wanu, ndizofunikira kwambiri pojambula chithunzi cholondola cha momwe zizindikirozi zimakhudzira moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Njira Zochiritsira
Kusamalira ADHD yovuta ndi ntchito ya gulu. Palibe dokotala m'modzi yekha amene angachite izi; m'malo mwake, akatswiri osiyanasiyana amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apange dongosolo la chithandizo logwirizana ndi zosowa za mwana wanu.
Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimayamba poika patsogolo vuto lomwe likuyambitsa kusokoneza kwakukulu m'moyo wa mwana , kaya ndi ADHD, ODD, kapena nkhawa. Mapulani a chithandizo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:
1. Mankhwala
Si mwana aliyense amene amafunikira mankhwala, koma kwa ambiri, ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa dongosolo lothandiza komanso lokwanira la chithandizo.
- Mankhwala olimbikitsa: ` Methylphenidate` (monga Ritalin, Concerta) ndi ` Amphetamine` (monga Adderall ) ndi othandiza kwambiri pothana ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za ADHD monga kusalabadira, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso , komanso kusachita zinthu mopupuluma. Mankhwalawa nthawi zina angathandizenso kuthetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi ODD.
- Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo: Ngati mwana wanu akuvutika ndi nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ochiritsira.
Chofunika kwambiri, mankhwala onse ayenera kuperekedwa ndi kuthandizidwa mosamala motsogozedwa ndi dokotala waluso .
2. Chithandizo cha Maganizo ndi Anthu
Izi zikuphatikizapo njira zamakhalidwe ndi maphunziro zomwe zimapangidwira kuthandiza mwana wanu kuyenda bwino pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
- Maphunziro a Zamaganizo: Tikukupatsani inu ndi mwana wanu chidziwitso chomveka bwino cha vutoli komanso njira zochiritsira zomwe zilipo.
- Chithandizo cha Khalidwe: Izi zimathandiza mwana wanu kuzindikira, kumvetsetsa, ndikuwongolera malingaliro ndi machitidwe ake.
- Maphunziro a Luso la Bungwe: Timaphunzitsa mwana wanu momwe angakonzere ntchito zake ndikuwongolera bwino zochita zake za tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Maphunziro a Maluso a Anthu: Izi zimapereka chitsogozo cha momwe mungalankhulire bwino, kumanga mabwenzi, komanso kuyendetsa bwino zochitika za anthu.
3. Njira Zophunzitsira Sukulu
Aphunzitsi amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pothandiza mwana wanu. Njira monga kuwonetsa bwino malamulo a mkalasi, kupereka chilimbikitso chabwino cha khalidwe labwino, komanso kusunga zotsatira zokhazikika pakuswa malamulo kungathandize kwambiri kuyendetsa bwino kalasi. Kuphatikiza apo, ana ena angapindule ndi Pulogalamu Yophunzitsa Yokha (IEP) kuti atsimikizire kuti zosowa zawo zamaphunziro zakwaniritsidwa.
4. Maphunziro a Makolo
Ndinu gawo lofunika kwambiri paulendowu. Kulandira maphunziro a momwe mungayang'anire khalidwe la mwana wanu n'kofunika kwambiri. Mapulogalamu awa adzakuthandizani kuphunzira momwe mungachitire:
- Konzani machitidwe ovuta kunyumba, kusukulu, komanso m'malo ochezera.
- Khazikitsani malamulo a panyumba ogwirizana komanso dongosolo lokhazikika la tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Gwiritsani ntchito njira zabwino zolimbikitsira kuti mulimbikitse khalidwe labwino (monga kumaliza ntchito zapakhomo kapena kuthetsa mikangano ndi abale anu mwamtendere).
- Chitani zinthu mwachilungamo komanso mosasinthasintha ngati zolakwa zachitika.
Kodi tsogolo lili ndi chiyani?
Kuchiza matenda a ADHD ovuta ndi nthawi yayitali. Kwa ana ena, zizindikiro zimatha kupitirira mpaka atakula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavuto amaganizo, chikhalidwe, komanso maphunziro.
Komabe, nkhani yabwino kwambiri ndi yakuti ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso chokhazikika, mwana wanu angaphunzire kuthana ndi mavutowa bwino. Mwa kuyang'anira ndikusintha njira zothandizira mwana wanu panthawi yonse yakukula, mumamupatsa mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopambana kusukulu ndi kupitirira apo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD yovuta imatanthauza kukhalapo kwa ADHD pamodzi ndi vuto limodzi kapena angapo la maganizo kapena khalidwe.
- Popeza zizindikiro zimatha kufanana, kuzindikira matendawa kungakhale kovuta; kufunsa katswiri ndikofunikira.
- Chithandizo ndi ntchito ya gulu yomwe imaphatikizapo mankhwala, chithandizo cha khalidwe, chithandizo cha kusukulu, komanso kutenga nawo mbali kwa makolo.
- Ngakhale kuti ndi ulendo wautali, ndi thandizo lodzipereka kuchokera ku Nirogi Lanka ndi gulu lanu lachipatala, mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wopambana komanso wokhutiritsa.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza khalidwe la mwana wanu, chonde funsani dokotala wanu mwamsanga.
