Tonsefe timamva chisoni komanso kupsinjika maganizo nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu. Ndi zachilendo kwambiri. Koma bwanji ngati chisonichi sichikutha, chikukhala katundu waukulu m'maganizo mwanu tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikukuikani mumkhalidwe womwe simungathe kuchita ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku moyenera? Chisoni chimenecho si chachibadwa. Ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe timalitcha azachipatala. Timatcha Matenda Ovutika Maganizo Akuluakulu (MDD) . Matendawa angakhudze kwambiri mbali iliyonse ya moyo wanu, maubwenzi anu, zosangalatsa zanu, komanso makamaka ntchito yanu.
Nthawi zina kuvutika maganizo kumeneku kungakhale koopsa kwambiri moti simungathenso kugwira ntchito yanu bwino kapena kugwira ntchito mwakhama komanso mwaluso monga kale. Nthawi zina ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za vutoli komanso mpumulo womwe ulipo.
Kodi vuto la kuvutika maganizo limeneli ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, kuvutika maganizo ndi vuto lofala la thanzi la maganizo lomwe limakhudza momwe mukumvera, momwe mukumvera, komanso khalidwe lanu. Limakupangitsani kumva chisoni kwambiri kapena kusaganizira za moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.
Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO), pafupifupi 5% ya akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi amavutika ndi matenda enaake a kuvutika maganizo. Ndiye mutha kuganiza momwe vutoli limachitikira kawirikawiri.
Malinga ndi Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), buku lothandizira matenda lomwe madokotala padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito, kuti munthu apezeke ndi matenda aakulu a maganizo, ayenera kukhala ndi maganizo osapitirira milungu iwiri osadandaula, kutaya chidwi ndi zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso zizindikiro zambiri zotsatirazi:
Kodi zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu. Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro kumasiyananso. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimawoneka.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Ubongo wa ubongo | Kuvutika kuganiza, kuganizira, kupanga zisankho. Kumva ngati waphimbidwa ndi chifunga cha ubongo. |
| Kusintha kwa chilakolako | Kusowa chilakolako mwadzidzidzi kapena kudya mopitirira muyeso. |
| Kumva chisoni nthawi zonse | Kukhala wachisoni nthawi zonse kapena wokhumudwa, kaya ndi chifukwa kapena ayi. |
| Kudziona ngati wopanda pake | Kuganiza nthawi zonse kuti munthu ndi wopanda pake ndipo zolakwa zake nthawi zonse zimakhala zake. Kudandaula ndi zinthu zomwe zinachitika kale. |
| Mkwiyo wopanda chifukwa | Kukwiya msanga, kusakhazikika maganizo, ndi kukalipira ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono. |
| Kutopa kwa thupi | Kumva ngati wopanda mphamvu zochita chilichonse, kutopa nthawi zonse. |
| Mavuto ogona | Kusowa tulo kapena kugona kwambiri. |
| Kuchepetsa kayendedwe ndi kulankhula | Kuchepetsa kayendedwe ka thupi ndi liwiro lolankhula. |
| Kusintha kwa kulemera | Kulemera kapena kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa china chilichonse. |
| Maganizo othetsa moyo wanu | Maganizo okhudza imfa kapena kudzipha (ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu kwambiri) |
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zitha kuyambitsidwanso ndi matenda ena (monga mavuto a chithokomiro). Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi, muyenera kuwona dokotala.Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chifukwa chenicheni.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa kuvutika maganizo?
N'zovuta kudziwa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa kuvutika maganizo. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingayambitse kuvutika maganizo.
- Kapangidwe ka ubongo: Ubongo wathu umafunika mankhwala enaake (ma neurotransmitters) okwanira kuti ugwire ntchito bwino. Mankhwalawa akasokonekera, matenda amisala monga kuvutika maganizo amatha kuchitika.
- Majini: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a maganizo, inunso mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
- Zinthu Zachilengedwe: Kukhala m'malo omwe nthawi zambiri mumakhala nkhanza, chiwawa, komanso umphawi kungayambitse kuvutika maganizo.
- Makhalidwe a umunthu: Anthu omwe ali ndi umunthu wosasangalala ndi chilichonse ndipo amavutika maganizo mosavuta amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wovutika maganizo.
- Vutoli lingayambitsidwenso ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa moyo: kusudzulana, imfa ya wokondedwa, kapena kutayika kwa ntchito.
Kodi pali chithandizo chilichonse?
Inde, ndithudi! Kuvutika maganizo ndi vuto lomwe lingachiritsidwe ndikuthandizidwa bwino. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mankhwala, psychotherapy, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Komabe, zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwa munthu mmodzi sizingagwire ntchito kwa wina. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe njira yothandizira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
Kodi kuvutika maganizo kumaonedwa ngati chilema?
Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. M'maiko ngati United States, pali malamulo apadera (Americans With Disabilities Act - ADA) omwe amazindikira kuvutika maganizo ngati chilema. Ngakhale kuti palibe lamulo lofanana m'dziko lathu, zimadziwika kuti kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala lomwe limakhudza zochita za munthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka ntchito yake, mpaka kufika poti sangathe kupitiriza .
Mwachidule, ngati kuvutika maganizo kwanu kukukhudzani kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wanu (monga kugwira ntchito, kuphunzira, kapena kuchita ntchito zanu zapakhomo), kumaonedwa ngati kulumala.
Dokotala adzadziwa momwe vuto lanu lilili lalikulu poganizira zinthu monga:
| Momwe mungayezerere kuopsa kwa vutoli | |
|---|---|
| Choyamba, zolemba zachipatala ziyenera kutsimikizira zizindikiro zisanu kapena kuposerapo izi: | |
| - Kuvutika maganizo - Kutaya chidwi ndi chilichonse - Kusintha kwa chilakolako ndi kulemera - Mavuto a tulo - Kusakhazikika kwa thupi kapena ulesi | - Mphamvu zochepa - Kudzimva wolakwa - Kuvuta kuyika chidwi - Maganizo a imfa kapena kudzipha |
| Chachiwiri, kodi makhalidwe amenewo akhudza bwanji momwe mumagwirira ntchito? | |
Payenera kukhala malire aakulu kapena malire odziwika bwino mu chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa izi:
| |
Ngati mukuvutika kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha kuvutika maganizo, mutha kupeza lipoti lachipatala kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu ndikukambirana ndi abwana anu. Kudzera mu izi, mutha kupeza tchuthi chamankhwala chomwe mukufuna kapena mpumulo kuntchito.
Ndi maubwino otani omwe amapezeka kuntchito?
Malo ogwirira ntchito angapereke njira zoyenera zothandizira wantchito yemwe ali ndi vuto la matenda amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo, kuti agwire bwino ntchito zake. Muthanso kulankhula ndi dipatimenti ya anthu (HR) kapena manejala wa bungwe lanu za izi. Nazi zitsanzo zina:
- Ndondomeko yosinthasintha: Kusintha maola ogwirira ntchito, kugwira ntchito nthawi yochepa.
- Kugwira ntchito kunyumba: Kulola anthu kugwira ntchito kunyumba nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.
- Nthawi yopuma: Kukupatsani mwayi wopuma momwe mukufunira, popanda kukakamizidwa ndi nthawi yokhazikika.
- Kugawa ntchito: M'malo mopereka ntchito yaikulu nthawi imodzi, igawani m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono.
- Kuchepetsa zosokoneza zosafunikira: Kuthandiza kuchepetsa zosokoneza (monga kupereka malo chete, kugwiritsa ntchito mahedifoni oletsa phokoso).
- Tchuthi cha thanzi la maganizo: Lolani tchuthi cha kudwala chigwiritsidwe ntchito pa mavuto a thanzi la maganizo.
Kumbukirani, kupempha thandizo si chizindikiro cha kufooka. Ndi sitepe yamphamvu yomwe mumatenga kuti mudzisamalire.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuvutika maganizo si chisoni chokha, ndi matenda enieni omwe amafunika chithandizo.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo, musavutike nokha, koma pitani kwa dokotala wodalirika. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, vutoli lingathe kuthetsedwa bwino.
- Kuvutika maganizo kukakhala kwakukulu, kungaonedwe ngati vuto lolepheretsa ntchito lomwe limakulepheretsani kupitiriza ntchito yanu.
- Ngati thanzi lanu la maganizo likukhudza ntchito yanu, musaope kulankhula za malo ogona ndi zinthu zina zomwe zilipo kuntchito kwanu, mothandizidwa ndi dokotala wanu.
- Simuli nokha. Kulandira thandizo ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu.
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