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Tonsefe tamvapo za "chimfine cha mbalame" m'manyuzipepala, pa TV, kapena pa intaneti nthawi zosiyanasiyana, sichoncho? Tikamva za mliri wa chimfine cha mbalame kudziko lina, timachitanso mantha pang'ono. "Kodi izi zidzabweranso m'dziko lathu?", "Kodi ndi zoopsa kudya nkhuku ndi mazira tsopano?" Ndizachilendo kuti mafunso abwere m'maganizo. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chimfine cha mbalame ichi, kapena chomwe chimadziwika kuti (Avian Influenza), mwachidule. Chofunika kwambiri sikuyenera kuopa izi mosafunikira, koma kukhala odziwa.

Mwachidule, kodi chimfine cha mbalame ichi n’chiyani?

Chimfine cha mbalame ndi kachilombo kamene kamafalikira pakati pa mbalame. Chimafanana ndi chimfine chomwe timachipeza. Chimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kotchedwa Influenza A. Mbalame zosamukasamuka, makamaka abakha ndi atsekwe akuthengo, ndi omwe amanyamula kachilomboka mwachilengedwe. Mbalame zakuthengo izi zimatha kufalitsa matendawa kwa mbalame zapakhomo, monga nkhuku ndi nkhuku.

Chofunika kwambiri, chimfine cha mbalame si matenda omwe amafalikira mosavuta pakati pa anthu . Ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa mbalame. Milandu ya matenda mwa anthu yanenedwa kawirikawiri. Ngakhale pazochitika zotere, munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka anali munthu amene anali pafupi ndi mbalame zodwala. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ankagwira ntchito pafamu ya nkhuku yomwe inali ndi kachilomboka. Ngakhale kuti ng'ombe zingapo za mkaka ndi antchito ena ofanana nawo ku United States posachedwapa atenga kachilomboka, kotchedwa H5N1, palibe malipoti okhudza kufalikira kwa kachilomboka kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mukukhala moyo wabwinobwino, chiopsezo chotenga chimfine cha mbalame n'chochepa kwambiri. Musachite mantha popanda chifukwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za chimfine cha mbalame ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimasiyana pakati pa mbalame ndi anthu. Nthawi zina mbalame zimatha kufa mwadzidzidzi popanda kusonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Mwa anthu, zizindikiro za kupuma ndizofala kwambiri.

Tiyeni tisiyanitse makhalidwe amenewa momveka bwino.

Kodi ziweto zili pachiwopsezo?

Sizokayikitsa kuti galu kapena mphaka wanu adzadwala chimfine cha mbalame. Kuti achite zimenezi, ayenera kudya mbalame yakufa yomwe inali ndi kachilomboka. Choncho palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa ndi izi. Komabe, ngati chiweto chanu chili ndi zizindikiro zachilendo monga kutentha thupi, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kapena maso otupa, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala wa ziweto nthawi yomweyo.

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Kodi anthu amadwala bwanji matendawa?

Monga tanenera kale, kuti anthu atenge matendawa, ayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka.

• Kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi zinthu zotulutsa madzi monga malovu, ntchofu, kapena ndowe za mbalame yomwe yadwala matendawa.
• M'malo omwe mbalame zimakhala, tinthu monga ndowe zouma zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zimasonkhana mumlengalenga ndipo zimapumidwa.
• Kutsuka kapena kukonza mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka kuti zidye nyama (koma osati kuchokera ku nyama yophikidwa bwino).

Kumbukirani chinthu chofunikira kwambiri:

Kudya nkhuku kapena mazira ophikidwa bwino sikungafalitse chimfine cha mbalame. Kutentha kumapha kachilomboka kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake mutha kudya nkhuku ndi mazira mwachizolowezi popanda mantha. Komabe, kudya nkhuku kapena mazira osaphika bwino ndi koopsa.

Komanso, pewani kumwa mkaka wosaphikidwa kapena wosaphika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kachilomboka kapezeka posachedwapa mu mkaka wochokera ku ng'ombe zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka ku United States. Njira yotetezeka kwambiri ndi kumwa mkaka wosaphikidwa ndi mkaka ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi mkaka.

Kodi tingadziteteze bwanji ndipo tiyenera kuchita chiyani?

Pali njira zingapo zosavuta zomwe tingatsatire kuti tidziteteze ku izi.

Njira zodzitetezera

• Musayandikire kapena kukhudza mbalame zakuthengo zomwe zikuoneka ngati zikudwala kapena zafa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Phunzitsaninso ana anu izi.
• Ngati ndinu munthu amene amaweta ziweto ngati nkhuku,Onetsetsani kuti ziweto zanu sizikumana ndi mbalame zakuthengo. Sungani zikho za nkhuku zaukhondo.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi mutagwira nyama, nkhuku, kapena mazira, komanso musanaphike komanso mutaphika.
• Nthawi zonse phikani nkhuku ndi mazira bwino. Pewani nyama yosaphikidwa bwino kapena mazira osaphika (monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi).
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga malungo ndi chifuwa ndipo mwangoyamba kumene kukhudzana ndi mbalame zodwala, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Musaiwale kuuza dokotala wanu kuti mwakhala mukukhudzana ndi mbalame.

Kodi pali chithandizo chilichonse?

Inde. Ngati mukukayikira kuti chimfine cha mbalame chilipo, dokotalayo adzatenga swab kuchokera m'mphuno kapena pakhosi kuti akayesedwe. Ngati matendawa atsimikizika, ndi bwino kuyamba kulandira chithandizo mkati mwa masiku 48 oyamba zizindikiro zitayamba. Pachifukwa ichi, dokotalayo adzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa mavairasi monga Oseltamivir (Tamiflu).

Komabe, musamwe mankhwala awa nokha. Nthawi zonse funani chithandizo pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri.