Kodi mudamvapo za matenda omwe amakhudza ziwalo zoyera za ubongo wanu (White Matter Disease)? Tiyeni tikambirane za matendawa!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati kukumbukira kwanu kukuipiraipira pamene mukukalamba? Kapena mumamva ngati mulibe mphamvu zokwanira poyenda kapena kuchita zinthu zina? Izi zitha kukhala zinthu zachibadwa zomwe zimabwera ndi ukalamba. Komabe, nthawi zina pakhoza kukhala chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikirozi chomwe muyenera kusamala nacho pang'ono. Chabwino, lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe limakhudza ubongo wathu.

Kodi matenda amenewa amakhudza mbali zoyera za ubongo (White Matter Disease) ndi ati?

Mwachidule, ndi mawu ofala otanthauza kuwonongeka ndi kusintha kwa chinthu choyera muubongo mwathu. Taganizirani chinthu choyera ichi ngati netiweki ya "misewu ikuluikulu" yomwe imalumikiza magawo osiyanasiyana a ubongo wathu, komanso ubongo ndi msana. Mavuto amayamba pamene "misewu" iyi yawonongeka.

Matendawa nthawi zina amatchedwa matenda a mitsempha yaing'ono ya ubongo kapena matenda a mitsempha yaing'ono . Amatha kuchitika ndi ukalamba ndi kusintha kwa mitsempha yamagazi mu gawo loyera la ubongo. Amatha kukhala ofatsa, apakati, kapena oopsa .

Pamene chinthu chanu choyera chawonongeka, chimakhala chotupa cha chinthu choyera . Madokotala amatha kuwona izi ngati mawanga owala pa scan ya magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ya ubongo. Nthawi zina zilondazi sizingayambitse zizindikiro zazikulu, ndipo ndi "zachibadwa" kukhala nazo pamene tikukalamba. Komabe, zilonda zina zimatha kuwononga "misewu" yofunika kwambiri mu ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto okumbukira, kulinganiza bwino, komanso kuyenda .

Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zambiri za white matter (ndiko kuti, matenda ambiri a white matter) amakhala ndi zizindikiro zambiri .

Matenda a white matter amenewa amagwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima . Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimasonyeza chiopsezo cha sitiroko, matenda amisala, komanso kulumala kwa moyo wonse.

Kodi nkhani yoyera iyi ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Nkhani yoyera ndi netiweki yayikulu ya ulusi wa mitsempha (axons) muubongo wathu. Apa ndi pomwe chidziwitso chimasinthidwa ndipo kulumikizana kumachitika pakati pa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za ubongo. Imatchedwa "nkhani yoyera" chifukwa ulusi wa mitsempha iyi umazunguliridwa ndi chipolopolo choteteza chotchedwa myelin . Ndi chifukwa cha myelin imeneyo kuti minofu iyi imapeza mtundu wake woyera.

Ubongo wanu uli ndi imvi pamwamba ndi m'mbali zakuzama. Umapeza imvi yake kuchokera ku maselo a mitsempha (ma neuron).

Kuti zinthu zathu zoyera zikhale zathanzi, zimafunika magazi abwino komanso michere .

Monga momwe udzu m'munda mwathu umafunikira madzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi thabwa kuti ukhale wokongola, chinthu choyera muubongo chingawonongeke ngati sichili ndi magazi okwanira komanso zakudya zabwino.

Kuchepa kwa magazi (komwe kumadziwika kuti ischemia ) komanso kuchepa kwa michere kungawononge mitsempha iyi. Imatha kutupa, kusweka, kapena kufa kwathunthu.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a white matter awa?

Ngakhale kuti imatha kufalikira kwa aliyense, imapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60 komanso omwe ali ndi matenda amtima .

Achinyamata ena, mwachitsanzo omwe ali ndi matenda monga mutu waching'alang'ala , akhoza kukhala ndi zilonda zoyera pang'ono pa MRI scan ya ubongo. Komabe, chifukwa cha ukalamba komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu zosalamulirika zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, chiwerengero cha zilondazi chikhoza kuwonjezeka.

Anthu ena angakhalenso ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa chifukwa cha zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimachitika m'majini .

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a White Matter ndi matenda ofala kwambiri , omwe amakhudza anthu opitilira theka la zaka zopitilira 60.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a white matter awa ndi ziti?

Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere mu mkhalidwe uwu:

• Mavuto okumbukira .
• Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono .
• Mavuto a kusasinthasintha komanso kugwa pafupipafupi .
• Kuvuta kuchita zinthu ziwiri kapena zingapo nthawi imodzi , mwachitsanzo, kuyenda pamene akulankhula.
• Kusintha kwa maganizo , zinthu monga kuvutika maganizo .
• Kuvuta kulamulira mkodzo (kusadziletsa kwa mkodzo) .

Zizindikiro zimenezi zimapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa .

Koma kumbukirani, zizindikiro zambirizi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwabwinobwino komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha ukalamba, kapena matenda ena monga nyamakazi, matenda a shuga, matenda a Alzheimer's dementia, kapena kusowa tulo . Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikuwonekera ndikuipiraipira mofulumira kwambiri, ndi nkhani yodetsa nkhawa.

Nthawi zina, matenda a white matter amapezeka mwangozi panthawi ya MRI ya ubongo pazifukwa zina. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala nawo koma osawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse (zosawonetsa zizindikiro). Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti adziwe ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuchokera ku white matter matenda kapena chifukwa china.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a white matter amenewa?

Ofufuza akufufuzabe za matendawa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Pakadali pano, akukhulupirira kuti kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku mitsempha yamagazi mu chinthu choyera ndicho chifukwa chake.Izi zili choncho chifukwa ulusi uwu wawonongeka.

Pamene tikukalamba, mitsempha yathu yamagazi imakhala yolimba komanso yofooka . Izi zimachepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku mitsempha ya muubongo ndikuwononga chinthu choyera.

Zingayambitsidwenso ndi matenda otchedwa atherosclerosis . Izi zimachitika pamene ma plaque amasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha yathu pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma a mitsempha azitha kukhuthala ndikulimba. Izi zitha kukhudza mitsempha iliyonse m'thupi, kuphatikizapo mitsempha ya muubongo.

Kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi chifukwa cha matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'zakudya, komanso kusuta fodya , kungapangitse kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zilonda zamagazi muubongo wanu.

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa zilonda za zinthu zoyera

Njira iliyonse yomwe imayambitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala a ulusi wa mitsempha wophimbidwa ndi myelin, kuwonongeka, kapena kuchepa kwa magazi (ischemia), ikhoza kuwoneka ngati zilonda zoyera pa MRI scan.

Ngakhale matenda a white matter ndi gulu la zilonda za white matter zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mavuto a mitsempha yamagazi, muthanso kukhala ndi zilonda zazing'ono za white matter pazifukwa zina. Mwachitsanzo, zilondazi zitha kuwoneka m'matenda otupa omwe amachotsa myelin monga multiple sclerosis (MS) komanso m'matenda a majini monga leukodystrophy .

Madokotala monga akatswiri a mitsempha ndi akatswiri a mitsempha nthawi zambiri amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda a white matter ndi zifukwa zina za zilonda kutengera komwe zili muubongo pa MRI scan. Nthawi zina mayeso owonjezera amafunika kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa white matter zilonda zomwe zimawonedwa pa MRI scan.

Kodi matenda a white matter amenewa amapezeka bwanji?

Njira yayikulu yodziwira matendawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito MRI (magnetic resonance imaging scan) muubongo . MRI scan ndi njira yopanda ululu yomwe imapanga zithunzi zomveka bwino za ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Makina a MRI amagwiritsa ntchito maginito akuluakulu, mafunde a wailesi, ndi kompyuta kuti apange zithunzi zatsatanetsatanezi, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito radiation iliyonse (popanda X-ray).

Kujambula kwa MRI ya ubongo kungathandize madokotala kuona kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zoyera muubongo wanu ndikupeza matenda a zinthu zoyera.

Kusintha kwa zinthu zoyera kumawoneka ngati zilonda pa MRI. Kusintha kwa zinthu zoyera kumeneku kungalembedwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana pa lipoti la MRI:

• Matenda kapena zilonda za ubongo kapena subcortical white matter.
• Matenda a microvascular.
• Zinthu zoyera zomwe sizili zenizeni zimasintha.
• Kuvulala kwa T2 (hyperintensities).

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angaone zizindikiro za matenda a white matter kutengera zotsatira za MRI scan yomwe mudalandira chifukwa cha vuto lina. Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakuwuzeni kuti muyitanidwe MRI ngati sakupeza chifukwa china chodziwikiratu cha zizindikiro zanu, monga mavuto okhudzana ndi kulinganiza bwino zinthu komanso kukumbukira zinthu.

Ngakhale pali mayeso ena ojambula zithunzi, monga CT scans (Computed Tomography scans) , magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ili ndi chithunzi chabwino kwambiri komanso chidziwitso chodziwira matenda a white matter.

Dokotala wanu akamapeza matendawa, angachitenso mayeso a mitsempha kuti awone zizindikiro zanu.

Popeza matenda a white matter amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseninso kuti muyese magazi ngati awa kuti muwone ngati muli ndi chiopsezo:

• Gulu lonse la kagayidwe kachakudya .
• Lipid panel (onani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol).
• Kuyesa kwa hemoglobini ya glycosylated (HbA1c) (onani mkhalidwe wa matenda a shuga).

Kodi matenda a white matter amenewa amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Pochiza matendawa, madokotala amayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera zizindikiro ndi kuwongolera zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda a mtima.

Kuchiza mavuto ena azaumoyo monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, ndi cholesterol yambiri, komanso kusiya kusuta fodya, kungathandize kupewa zilonda zina za m'magazi .

Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala ochiritsira zinthu zoyera zomwe zawonongeka kale, anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo osalamulirika nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zoyera komanso kulumala.

Chithandizo cha zizindikiro za zinthu zoyera

• Kuchiza thupi : Izi zingathandize ndi mavuto oyenda bwino komanso kuyenda chifukwa cha matenda a white matter. Zimaphatikizaponso maphunziro ndi chithandizo choletsa kugwa.
• Uphungu wa zamaganizo ndi chithandizo cha matenda amisala : Pa mavuto amisala monga kuvutika maganizo, zizindikiro zimatha kuthetsedwa polankhula ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, polandira mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo kuchokera kwa dokotala wa zamaganizo .
• Kusadziletsa mkodzo : Pali njira zingapo zochizira izi, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, kusintha moyo, ndi njira zina zamankhwala.

Kusamalira zoopsa za matenda a mtima

Kusamalira zinthu zoopsa zokhudzana ndi matenda a mtima kungathandize kuwongolera kupitirira kwa matenda a white matter ndikuletsa zochitika zomwe zingawopseze moyo wa mtima monga sitiroko.

Mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi awa:

• Mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo kuti magazi azithamanga bwino.
• Kusamalira matenda a shuga (ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga).
• Kulamulira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi kudzera mu mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo .
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse .
• Pewani kusuta fodya .
• Kupewa kumwa mowa .
• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana (awa ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amaletsa maselo a magazi kumamatirana ndikupanga magazi kuundana).
• Ma statin (ngakhale ngati cholesterol yanu ili bwino, izi zingathandize kuchepetsa kutupa m'mitsempha yamagazi).

Ndi madokotala otani omwe amachiritsa matenda a white matter awa?

Kutengera ndi zizindikiro ndi vuto lanu, mutha kuwona dokotala m'modzi kapena angapo kuti akuthandizeni ndi zizindikiro za matenda a white matter ndikuyang'anira momwe akupitira patsogolo:

• Katswiri wa za ubongo
• Dokotala wa banja lanu (wopereka chithandizo choyamba)
• Katswiri wa zamaganizo
• Katswiri wa zamaganizo pantchito
• Dokotala wa zamaganizo
• Katswiri wa mtima
• Katswiri wa matenda a mkodzo
• Katswiri wa zamaganizo ndi/kapena Dokotala wa zamaganizo

Kodi matenda a white matter amenewa angapewedwe?

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu zomwe zingawapangitse kukhala ndi matenda a mtima ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a white matter.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima ndi izi:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP)
• Cholesterol yokwera (hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia)
• Kusuta
• Matenda a shuga osalamuliridwa bwino

Pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa matendawa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuthana ndi zinthu zoopsazi, monga kumwa mankhwala, kusintha moyo, ndi/kapena kusiya kusuta fodya, kungathandize kupewa kupangika kwa zilonda zatsopano zoyera.

Kodi matenda a white matter amatanthauza chiyani?

Matenda a White Matter ndi matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kuyambira ofatsa mpaka ovuta kwambiri pa MRI. Zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matendawa zimatha kuyambira palibe mpaka aakulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chiyembekezo cha matenda a White Matter chimasiyana malinga ndi munthu.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a white matter, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu wa mitsempha za zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti pankhani ya matenda a white matter?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a white matter, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi zoopsa zomwe zingakuchitikireni. Kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matenda anu a white matter, komanso zizindikiro zanu, mungafunikenso kuonana ndi akatswiri ena.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a white matter, ndikofunikira kuika patsogolo thanzi lanu la mtima. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mankhwala oletsa cholesterol yanu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kusintha moyo wanu kungathandize kupewa zilonda zatsopano za white matter ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko ndi dementia. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza vutoli kapena zoopsa za matenda a mtima, funsani dokotala wanu. Ali pano kuti akuthandizeni.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone zinthu zosavuta kukumbukira zokhudza Matenda a White Matter omwe tidakambirana:

• Izi ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zoyera za ubongo , monga kuwonongeka kwa "misewu" yomwe imanyamula chidziwitso mu ubongo.
• Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba ndi matenda a mtima (kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, cholesterol, kusuta fodya).
• Zizindikiro zake zingakhale kulephera kukumbukira zinthu, kuvutika kuyenda, komanso kulephera kukhazikika bwino .
• Amapezeka makamaka kudzera mu MRI scan .
• Ngakhale kuti kuwonongeka komwe kwachitika kale sikungathe kuthetsedwa kotheratu, vutoli lingathe kuthetsedwa mwa kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zingawopseze komanso kuchiza zizindikiro .
• Kusamalira thanzi la mtima n'kofunika kwambiri kuti matendawa asapitirire.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, kapena ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za izi, funsani upangiri wa dokotala . Musachite mantha, chofunika kwambiri pa zonsezi ndikudziwa zambiri zoyenera ndikuchitapo kanthu kofunikira.

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