Ese ufite umutsi w'amaraso uzibye mu jisho ryawe? Reka twige ku bijyanye no kuziba imitsi yo mu jisho (RVO)!

Ese wigeze wibaza uko byagenda iyo umutsi muto w'amaraso uri mu maso yacu ufunze? Ibi bishobora kuba bishya kuri wewe. Ariko, birashoboka koko. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara yitwa Retinal Vein Occlusion , cyangwa RVO. Ntugahangayike, niba ubyumva neza, bizagufasha cyane mu kurangiza ibintu bikenewe.

Kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi ya retinal ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibi bibaho iyo umutsi, cyangwa umuyoboro w'amaraso, usohora amaraso muri retina iri mu jisho ryawe ufunze burundu cyangwa igice. Tekereza ko iyi retina iri inyuma y'ijisho ryacu imeze nk'agahu ka kamera. Iyo urumuri rugeze mu jisho, bidufasha gukora amashusho no gutuma tubona. Rero, iyo amaraso ava muri retina afunze, amaraso atangira guteranira aho. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuvuduko uri mu jisho wiyongera kandi ukabyimba . Niba iki kibazo kidavuwe vuba, kureba kwacu gushobora kubura cyangwa kugabanuka . Kuri ubu, nta buryo bwizewe bwo kongera gufungura burundu uyu muyoboro w'amaraso wafunze. Ariko, ntucike intege! Hari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kugenzura ingaruka mbi no kurinda kureba kwawe . Abaganga b'amaso bazahindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura ijyanye n'uburwayi bwawe. Ushobora gukenera uburyo burenze bumwe bwo kuvura, kuva ku gutera inshinge kugeza ku kubagwa .

Ese hari ubwoko bw'iyi `(RVO)`?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa RVO: 1. Gufunga imitsi yo mu jisho ryo hagati (CRVO) : Aha niho umutsi mukuru w'amaraso muri retina ufunga. 2. Gufunga imitsi yo mu jisho ryo mu jisho (BRVO) : Aha niho umwe cyangwa myinshi mu mitsi mito ifitanye isano n'umutsi mukuru w'amaraso ifunga. Ubwo bwoko ni bwo bukunze kugaragara cyane.

Iyi ndwara ya `(RVO)` ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri, RVO ni indwara ya kabiri ikunze kwibasira retina yacu, nyuma ya retinopathy iterwa na diyabete. Abashakashatsi bavumbuye ko ku isi yose:

• Iyi ndwara (Retinal Vein Occlusion) yibasiwe n'abantu barenga miliyoni 16.
• Gufunga imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu gace k'imbere (CRVO) bifata abantu bari hagati ya 1 na 4 muri buri 1.000.
• Gufunga imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho (BRVO) bifata abantu bari hagati ya 6 na 12 muri buri 1.000.

Iyi mibare igaragaza ko nubwo iki kintu kidakunze kugaragara cyane, bigira ingaruka ku bantu benshi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(RVO)`?

Ibimenyetso bya `(RVO)` bikunze kugaragara mu jisho rimwe gusa. Ibi ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi:

• Kutabona neza cyangwa kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona : Ibi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa bikagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi mike.
• Imisokoro : Utu ni utudomo duto tw'umukara cyangwa imirongo isa n'aho igendagenda iyo uyirebye.
• Kumva ububabare cyangwa igitutu imbere mu jisho : Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane cyane mu bihe bikomeye.

Ariko hari ikintu ugomba kuzirikana. Hari igihe nta bimenyetso ushobora kugaragaza kugeza igihe ingaruka mbi zigaragaye. Ku bantu bamwe, muganga ntamenya ko bafite ikibazo kugeza igihe bagiye kwisuzumisha amaso buri gihe.

Kuki iyi `(RVO)` iba? Impamvu ni izihe?

Impamvu nyamukuru y'iyi ndwara ni ukubuza amaraso gutembera neza mu mitsi yo mu gituza. Uku kubuza amaraso gushobora kubaho bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye:

• Umubiri w'amaraso upfutse .
• Amaraso atembera buhoro buhoro.
• Umutsi w’amaraso ufatana n’umutsi w’amaraso ufatana, aho umutsi ukandagira. Tekereza nawe, uyu mutsi uha retina amaraso meza kandi akungahaye kuri ogisijeni. Uko ugenda usaza, cyangwa bitewe n’uko plaque yibumbiye mu nkuta z’imitsi, uyu mutsi ushobora kugabanuka no gukanda imitsi iri munsi yawo. Ibi bishobora kwangiza urukuta rw’imbere rw’umutsi, bikongera ibyago byo kubyimba kw’amaraso.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara iyi `(RVO)`?

Kugeza ku myaka irenga 40 ni ikintu gikomeye gitera ibyago. RVO ikunze kwibasira abantu bari mu kigero cy'imyaka 50 na 60. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwibasira abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 40. Nanone, niba ufite imwe muri izi ndwara zikurikira, ibyago byawe byo kurwara RVO biri hejuru:

• Ateriosclerosis no gukomera kw'imitsi
• Diyabete
• Indwara ya Glaucoma
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso

Ikindi kintu ni uko niba warigeze kugira RVO mu jisho rimwe mbere, hari amahirwe menshi ko irindi jisho na ryo rishobora kurwara.

Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora guterwa na `(RVO)`?

Gufunga imitsi yo mu maraso (RVO) bishobora gutera ingorane nka:

• Kubyimba kwa macular mu maso (Cystoid macular edema) : Iki ni igihe hagati muri retina yawe, macula, habyimba. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza cyangwa akabura ubushobozi bwo kureba.
• Gutera imitsi mishya y'ijisho : Imitsi mishya y'amaraso idakomeye ishobora kwirema ahantu hatandukanye imbere mu jisho, cyane cyane hafi y'iris (rubeosis iridis). Iyi ndwara ifata umuntu umwe kuri bane bafite RVO. Gutera imitsi mishya y'ijisho ntibikunze kugaragara muri retina.
• Kuva amaraso mu jisho: Ibi bibaho igihe amaraso yinjira mu kintu kimeze nk'umusemburo mu jisho (vitreous humor). Imitsi mishya y'amaraso idasanzwe ikora iba idakomeye cyane, kandi ishobora kuva amaraso.
• Glaucoma y'imitsi mishya : Iyi mitsi mishya y'amaraso iri mu jisho ishobora gutera umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho, ibyo bikaba byanatera ububabare.
• Gucika kw'ijisho : Bitewe n'imitsi mishya y'amaraso ikora muri retina, retina ishobora kuva mu ngingo zayo ziyishyigikiye.

Abantu barwaye RVO bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi , nka stroke , kurusha abadafite RVO. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'ibintu bisanzwe bishobora gutera indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na atherosclerosis.

Ni gute wamenya iyi ndwara ya `(RVO)`?

Abaganga b'amaso basuzuma RVO binyuze mu gupima amaso no gupima imiterere y'amaso. Banakorana n'umuganga wawe w'ibanze (PCP) kugira ngo bamenye icyateye iki kibazo cy'amaraso atembera.

Isuzuma ry'amaso

Muganga w'amaso yawe azagutura amaso yawe maze arebe imbere mu jisho ryawe. Ibi bizagufasha kubona neza ibiri inyuma y'ijisho ryawe. Bazakoresha mikorosikopi yihariye na ophthalmoscope, bambara ku mutwe wabo, kugira ngo barebe imbere mu jisho ryawe. Hanyuma bazashobora kureba imbere mu jisho ryawe niba hari ikibazo cyangwa ibyangiritse mu maso yawe. Iki kizamini gishobora kukubwira:

• Menya niba iyi ari ``Central RVO'' cyangwa ``Branch RVO''.
• Menya niba hagati mu kureba hari ibibyimba (macular edema) kandi niba hari imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso idasanzwe yavutse.
• Suzuma urugero rw'igabanuka ry'amaraso agera kuri retina.

Bishobora kuba ngombwa gusuzuma neza indwara ya `(RVO)`, kumenya ingano y'ibyangiritse byatewe, no gukora ibindi bipimo.

Ibizamini byo kumenya `(RVO)`

Muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora gukoresha kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bizamini kugira ngo amenye neza indwara yawe:

• Ifoto ya fundus: Iyi irashobora gukoreshwa mu kureba niba hari imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu jisho n'ingano y'amaraso yatakaye.
• Isuzuma ry’amajwi rijyanye n’imikorere y’amatwi (OCT) : Ubu ni uburyo bwo gupima amashusho bufite ubushobozi bwo hejuru. Bushobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ko nta ndwara ya macular edema. Bupima ubunini bwa retina kandi bugatanga agaciro nyako. Izi ngamba ni ingenzi cyane mu kuvura indwara yawe igihe kirekire.
• Angiografiya ya Fluorescein : Muri iki kizamini, irangi ryihariye rishyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe. Iyo irangi rigiye mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu jisho, rigaragara neza ku mashusho. Iki kizamini gikoreshwa mu kureba ingano y'imitsi y'ijisho ifunze. Gishobora kandi kwerekana ingano y'imitsi y'ijisho idakira amaraso ahagije.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buhuriweho

Umuganga w'amaso wawe n'umuganga wawe w'ibanze (PCP) bazakorana kugira ngo bashake icyateye RVO yawe kandi bagabanye ibyago byo kuzagira ibibazo mu gihe kizaza. Bazakora kandi ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo barebe ibintu by'ingenzi nk'urugero rwa cholesterol yawe n'urugero rw'isukari mu maraso .

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `(RVO)`?

Kugeza ubu, nta buryo bwo gukiza burundu cyangwa gusubiza inyuma kuziba kw'imitsi y'ijisho. Ariko, abaganga b'amaso bashobora gukumira no kuvura ingaruka mbi zo kuziba kw'imitsi y'ijisho. Bakora ibi bikurikira:

• Inshinge zirwanya VEGF
• Inshinge za steroid
• Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser bwitwa Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP)
• Kubaga Vitrectomy
• Imiti yo kuvura ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago

Intego z'ingenzi z'ubu buvuzi ni izi zikurikira:

• Nta kibazo ni ukunoza icyerekezo cyawe, cyangwa kukirinda ko kirushaho kuba kibi.
• Menya kandi uvure ingaruka mbi zishobora kwangiza icyerekezo cyawe n'ubuzima bw'amaso yawe.
• Kugenzura ibintu bishobora guteza akaga kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo bizaza.

Muganga wawe azahuza uburyo bwo kuvura uko bikenewe kandi agusobanurire igihe buri buryo bwo kuvura buzajya bukoreshwa.

Inshinge zirwanya VEGF

Ubu ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kuvura abantu bafite indwara yo kubyimba mu maso. VEGF isobanura ko ari poroteyine ifasha imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso gukura (angiogenesis). Ariko iyo VEGF ibaye nyinshi cyane, ishobora gutuma imiyoboro y'amaraso ikora nabi, igatera kubyimba. Inshinge zirwanya VEGF zikora mu guhagarika ikorwa rya VEGF mu jisho no kugabanya kubyimba. Muganga wawe azagutera ibisebe mu maso hanyuma agutere umuti muri vitreous humor, ikintu kimeze nk'umusemburo mu jisho ryawe. Bitewe n'uko urwaye, ushobora gukenera guterwa izi nshinge buri gihe mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri. Imiti yihariye ishobora kuba iri muri izi nshinge irimo:

• `Aflibercept`
• `Bevacizumab`
• `Ranibizumab`

Inshinge za steroid

Gutera inshinge za steroid mu jisho nabyo bishobora gufasha kugabanya kubyimba. Ariko, inshinge za steroid zishobora kongera umuvuduko w'amaso no gutera indwara ya cataract ku bantu bamwe na bamwe. Kubwibyo, zikoreshwa nk'uburyo bwa kabiri bwo kuvura iyo inshinge za anti-VEGF zidakora neza.

Photocoagulation Panretinal (PRP)

Ubu ni ukubaga hakoreshejwe laser. Bikubiyemo gutwika gato mu bice bya retina aho amaraso atembera neza. Ibi bigabanya ingano ya poroteyine yitwa VEGF ifasha imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso gukura. Kugabanya VEGF bifasha gukumira imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso gukora (neovascularization) bityo bigatuma amaraso ava mu jisho. Binafasha kandi gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso mu jisho uguma uhamye.

Kubaga Vitrectomy

Uburyo bwo kubaga bwa Posterior pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) ni uburyo bwo kubaga bufasha abantu bafite uburwayi bwo kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho (RVO) bafite ibibazo bikurikira:

• Iyo hari amaraso menshi mu jisho (kuva amaraso menshi mu maso).
• Iyo kuva amaraso kumara ibyumweru birenga bine.
• Niba kuva amaraso bikomeje kugaruka.
• Iyo retina yacitse, yitwa `(gutandukanya retinal)`.

Uku kubagwa kugizwe no gukuraho ikintu kimeze nk'umusemburo mu jisho (vitreous humor) no gusana ibyangiritse kuri retina.

Imiti yo kugenzura ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago

Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho (RVO) bafite ibibazo by’uburwayi, urugero nk’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, diyabete, cyangwa cholesterol nyinshi. Ibi bibazo byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by’imitsi yo mu maraso. Umuganga w’amaso azakorana na muganga wawe w’ibanze (PCP) kugira ngo bategure gahunda y’ubuvuzi ijyanye n’ibyo ukeneye. Umuganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti ijyanye n’ibi bikurikira:

• Gabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe.
• Genzura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe.
• Niba hari ibindi bibazo, bikemure.

Ese nshobora gukumira iki kibazo cya `(RVO)`?

Kumenya ko uri mu kaga ko kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho (RVO) ni intambwe ya mbere yo kuyikumira. Vugana n'umuganga w'amaso cyangwa umuganga w'amaso ku byago byawe n'icyo wakora kugira ngo ubigabanye. Ni ngombwa kandi kuvugana n'umuganga wawe w'ibanze (PCP) ku ndwara zose zishobora kugira ingaruka ku maraso yawe. Bashobora kukugira inama yo kuvura kugira ngo bagufashe kugenzura izo ndwara no kugufasha kugira ngo amaso yawe n'umubiri wawe wose bigire ubuzima bwiza. Dore bimwe mu bintu byihariye ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byawe:

• Kurikira indyo nziza ku buzima bw'umutima wawe n'imitsi y'amaraso .
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri ijye iba igice cy'ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima kuri wewe.
• Irinde kunywa itabi n'ibikomoka ku itabi byose.

Niba mfite iyi ndwara, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Isuzuma ry'uko indwara ihagaze riterwa n'ibintu byinshi. Urugero, aho yazibye n'ingaruka mbi byatera. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza. Abandi bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza uko igihe kigenda gihita. Muganga w'amaso ni we muntu mwiza wo kukubwira neza icyo ugomba kwitega bitewe n'imimerere yawe bwite. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukwereka uburyo bwo kugufasha kubaho utabona neza. Urugero, uburyo bwo gukoresha indorerwamo zo gukuza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa. Ushobora kandi koherezwa ku mukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage ushobora kugufasha guhangana n'impinduka mu mibereho.

Nitwara nte?

Kubaho ufite ikibazo cyo kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi ya retinal (RVO) bishobora kugutera imihangayiko. Ushobora gukenera ibi bintu:

• Shyira inshinge mu maso inshuro nyinshi.
• Ni kangahe uvurwa hakoreshejwe laser?
• Jya mu nama zo gukurikirana abantu kenshi.
• Niba udashobora gutwara imodoka neza bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe cyangwa ubuvuzi bwawe, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga.

Ibi byose bishobora gutuma wumva uremerewe kandi uremerewe. Wibuke ko itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi riri hano kugira ngo rigufashe. Vugana n’abaganga bawe ku byo wumva. Bashobora kuguha inama z’ibikoresho bishobora kugufasha kumenya byinshi ku ndwara yawe n’impamvu iyi mihati yose ari ingenzi cyane. Bashobora kandi kuguhuza n’amatsinda y’inkunga cyangwa imfashanyigisho z’abaturage aho ushobora kuganira n’abantu bahura n’ibintu nk’ibyawe. Kwigira ku byo abandi banyuzemo no gusangira ibyawe bishobora kugufasha guhangana n’ibi byose byoroshye.

Ni ryari nkwiye gushaka inama kwa muganga?

Muganga wawe w'amaso azakubwira inshuro ugomba kujya kwisuzumisha cyangwa kuvurwa. Vugana na we niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya, niba ibimenyetso byawe byarahindutse, cyangwa niba ufite ibibazo ku bijyanye na gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso byo gucika kw'ijisho ry'umugongo, hamagara 911 cyangwa inomero y'ubutabazi bw'ibanze yo mu gace utuyemo. Ubu ni ubutabazi bwihutirwa busaba kuvurwa byihutirwa.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ushobora kubaza muganga wawe w'amaso ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ni iki gitera kuziba kw'imitsi y'ijisho ryanjye?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura bubereye kuri njye?
• Ni izihe nyungu n'ibibi bya buri buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibisubizo nzakenera?
• Ni gute iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku kureba kwanjye?
• Ni iki mbona?

Biroroshye kwibagirwa akamaro k'imitsi y'amaraso ku kureba kwacu. Ibyo biterwa nuko akenshi tuvuga gusa ku mitsi n'imitsi ihuza umutima wacu, ubwonko, n'izindi ngingo z'ingenzi. Ariko imitsi ya retina iri muri retina yawe ni mito, ariko nayo ni ingenzi. Iyo ifunze, ishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye ku kureba kwawe no ku buzima bw'amaso yawe. Byongeye kandi, ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'umuburo cy'uko hari ibibazo mu gutembera kw'amaraso mu mubiri wawe byose bikenewe kwitabwaho.

Kwita ku buzima bw'amaso yawe ntibishobora kurinda gusa icyerekezo cyawe, ahubwo binarinda ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Jyana na muganga w'amaso buri gihe kugira ngo agupime amaso. Babwire ibibazo byose byo kureba cyangwa ibimenyetso ufite. Kubikora bishobora kubafasha kubona ibibazo nko kuziba imitsi yo mu jisho (RVO) hakiri kare, gukumira ingorane, no kuzivura vuba.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Yego, ukurikije ibyo twavuze, ugomba gusobanukirwa icyo kuziba imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho (RVO) ari cyo, icyo ishobora gutera, n'uburyo bwo kuyivura. Ntutinye, ntugatinye. Icy'ingenzi ni uko, niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, bivuzeNiba ugize ikibazo cyo kutabona neza, kutabona neza, cyangwa kureremba mu maso, hita ubonana n'umuganga w'amaso. Iyo bigaragaye hakiri kare, akenshi kuvurwa bishobora kugufasha kurokora amaso yawe. Nanone, niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ni ngombwa kuzigenzura neza. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara RVO. Kugira ubuzima bwiza no kwirinda kunywa itabi nabyo ni byiza ku maso yawe no ku buzima bwawe muri rusange. Rero, fata neza amaso yawe, kuko ari yo mutungo wawe w'agaciro kanini, ugufasha kubona isi!