Ese uzi ibya HPV? Reka tubiganireho birambuye!

Ushobora kuba warumvise virusi yitwa `(HPV)`. Ahari muganga wawe yanakubwiye kuri iyi `(HPV test)`. Mu by'ukuri, ibi bishobora gusa nkaho ari ikintu gishya ku bantu benshi. Kubwibyo, uyu munsi turaganira ku bintu by'ingenzi cyane nko iki `(HPV test)` icyo ari cyo, uko bikorwa, n'icyo ibisubizo bivuze mu buryo bworoshye cyane ushobora gusobanukirwa. Nta kintu cyo gutinya , iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane kizagufasha kurinda ubuzima bwawe.

Virusi ya HPV ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, HPV isobanura virusi ya Human Papillomavirus . Ifatwa nk'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STI). Ibi bivuze ko yandurira mu gukoranaho kw'uruhu. Ni virusi isanzwe cyane, ariko igoye cyane.

Tekereza gato, hari ubwoko burenga 100 bw'iyi virusi ya `(HPV)`! Hari ubwoko bushobora gutera ibintu nk'ibisebe ku biganza byawe, amaguru, no mu maso. Hari ubundi bwoko bugera kuri 30 bushobora kugira ingaruka ku gitsina cyawe. Bumwe muri ubwo bwoko butagira ingaruka bushobora gutera ibisebe ku gitsina. Ariko, muri ubwo bwoko bwa `(HPV)`, ubwoko buke gusa bwa `(buri mu kaga)` butera kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Ubwo ni bwo bwoko butera ibyago byinshi ikizamini cya `(HPV)` gishakisha. By'umwihariko, ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi butera kanseri, `(HPV 16)` na `(HPV 18)`, bushobora kumenyekana muri iki kizamini.

Akenshi, umubiri muzima ushobora kurwanya ubwo bwandu bwa HPV mu myaka mike. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, iyo ubwo bwoko bw’ibyago bikomeye bukomeje mu mubiri, uko igihe kigenda gihita, impinduka zidasanzwe mu turemangingo tw’inkondo y’umura, byitwa imiterere itaratera kanseri (cervical dysplasia), zishobora kubaho. Iyi ndwara ishobora kuvamo kanseri y’inkondo y’umura nyuma. Mu by’ukuri, hafi mirongo icyenda n’icyenda ku ijana bya kanseri y’inkondo y’umura iterwa n’ubwo bwandu bwa HPV bukomeye. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane gupimisha HPV ikomeye hakiri kare.

Ubu, ikizamini cya HPV kiboneka gusa ku bantu bafite umura. Kugeza ubu nta gipimo cya HPV kiboneka ku bagabo.

Ni ryari nkwiye kwipimisha HPV?

Ushobora gukenera gupimwa HPV niba:

• Niba ufite inkondo y'umura kandi ufite hagati y'imyaka 30 na 65: Imiryango y’ubuvuzi izwi nka American Cancer Society isaba abantu bo muri iki kigero cy’imyaka kujya kwipimisha HPV buri gihe .
• Niba isuzuma rya Pap test rigaragaje ubusembwa: Niba isuzuma rya Pap test rigaragaza ubusembwa mu turemangingo tw’inkondo y’umura, isuzuma rya HPV rishobora gufasha kumenya niba impamvu ari ubwandu bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi.
• Niba ufite kanseri y'inkari yo mu kanwa:Impamvu nyamukuru itera ubu bwoko bwa kanseri yo mu muhogo ni HPV ishobora gutera ibyago byinshi (cyane cyane HPV 16). Iyi kanseri ishobora kwandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina yo mu kanwa. Kumenya ko impamvu ya kanseri ari HPV, biroroha ko abaganga bahitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura. Kanseri zo mu muhogo ziterwa na HPV zifite igipimo cyo gukira kiri hejuru ugereranyije n’izitari izo mu muhogo.

Igikuru ni uko niba ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya HPV ari ibisanzwe, ubusanzwe uzakenera kongera kwipimisha buri myaka itanu. Ariko, niba warigeze kwandura HPV mbere, cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo gituma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugabanuka, nka virusi itera SIDA, ushobora gukenera kwipimisha kenshi. Ibi biterwa nuko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugabanuka bushobora kugorana kurwanya indwara nka HPV.

Iki gipimo cya HPV gikorwa gite?

Abantu benshi batekereza ko ikizamini cya HPV ari ikizamini gikomeye ukorera mu biro bya muganga w’abagore. Ariko, mu by’ukuri ni ikizamini cya laboratwari. Dore uko bigenda: Muganga afata icyitegererezo cy’uturemangingo cyangwa ingingo zo mu mura wawe, maze umuganga w’indwara akabisuzuma muri laboratwari kugira ngo arebe niba birimo ADN ya HPV. Ni ukuvuga ko bareba niba virusi ya HPV ihari, kandi niba ari uko bimeze, ubwoko bwayo.

Hari uburyo butandukanye abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo babone iki gipimo:

Gupima Pap smear na HPV test

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Isuzuma rya Pap smear ni ikizamini gifata ingero nto z'uturemangingo twavuye mu nkondo y'umura wawe maze kigasuzuma impinduka zibaho mbere yo kurwara kanseri cyangwa uturemangingo twa kanseri. Akenshi, ikizamini cya HPV gikorwa icyarimwe n'ikizamini cya Pap smear. Ibi tubyita ikizamini cya HPV/Pap co-test . Hanyuma umuganga w'indwara areba ikizamini cya Pap smear ku turemangingo twa kanseri n'ikizamini cya HPV kuri ADN ya HPV icyarimwe.

isuzuma ry'inkondo y'umura

Niba ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya Pap yawe bitameze neza, ushobora gukenera gupimwa nyababyeyi . Ibi ni igihe muganga afata agace gato k'urugingo mu nkondo y'umura akagasuzuma niba nta HPV ifite ibyago byinshi, uturemangingo tutarafata kanseri, cyangwa uturemangingo twa kanseri. Hari igihe ibi bikorwa icyarimwe na colposcopy . Colposcopy ni mikorosikopi yihariye ireba nyababyeyi mu buryo bwo hejuru kugira ngo irebe niba hari ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.

Igitangaza abantu benshi ni uko ibizamini bya STI bisanzwe bitareba HPV. Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kubona icyitegererezo cy'ikizamini cya HPV ni ugukoresha Pap test.

Wakwitegura ute mbere yo gupimwa HPV?

Ugomba kwitegura iki kizamini nk'uko wakwitegura ikizamini cya Pap gisanzwe. Ni ngombwa kwirinda ibintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ikizamini gisanzwe gikoreshwa. Kubwibyo rero wibuke ibi bintu:

• Nibura iminsi itanu nyuma y'uko imihango yawe irangiyeNiyo mpamvu ugomba gufata umwanya wo gukora ikizamini.
• Irinde gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gitsina byibuze iminsi ibiri mbere yo kwipimisha.
• Ntugakoreshe tampons, amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa imiti, ifuro ryo kuboneza urubyaro cyangwa jeli, amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa douche byibuze iminsi ibiri mbere yo gupimwa.

Wenda niba muganga arimo gukora ikintu nk'ikizamini cya HPV hamwe n'ikizamini cya HPV, ashobora kuguha andi mabwiriza. Azakubwira ibyo.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Ibi ni nko kwipimisha Pap smear. Uzasabwa kuryama ugaramye ku meza yo gupimisha, ugakuramo amaguru yawe, hanyuma uyashyire mu matsinda. Hanyuma muganga azakubwira ati:

• Igikoresho cyitwa speculum gishyirwa buhoro buhoro mu gitsina cyawe, kikaguka gato kugira ngo umura wawe w'intanga ugaragare neza. Ushobora kumva urimo gukanda gato muri iki gikorwa. Kugira ngo ugabanye ubu burwayi, ushobora gusaba muganga wawe gukoresha speculum ntoya ishoboka.
• Hanyuma, bakoresheje igikoresho gito cyitwa spatula n'uburoso bworoshye , bazakuramo uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe mu duce tw'inkondo y'umura wawe.
• Amaherezo, icyitegererezo cyakusanyijwe kiba giteguwe kugira ngo cyoherezwe muri laboratwari.

Niba uri gukora colposcopy cyangwa biopsy, hashobora kubaho izindi ntambwe nke. Ariko ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko muganga azareba umura wawe agafata uturemangingo cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo zimwe na zimwe.

Ikizamini nyacyo kiza nyuma, ubwo umuganga w’indwara asuzumaga icyitegererezo muri laboratwari kugira ngo arebe niba ADN ya HPV yanduye.

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bivuga iki?

Ibisubizo by'ikizamini cyawe bishobora kuba byiza cyangwa bibi . Ibi bizagena icyo ugomba gukora nyuma yaho.

Bite ho ningira HPV (+ve)?

Gupima HPV byagaragaye ko ufite ubwoko bwa HPV byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'inkondo y'umura . Ibi bivuze ko ufite HPV "ifite ibyago byinshi".

Ibi ntibivuze ko usanzwe ufite kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Ni ikintu gishobora gutera ibyago gusa. Nubwo waba ufite ubwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera ibyago byinshi, ushobora kutazigera urwara kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Umubiri wawe ushobora kurwanya ubwandu no kubukuraho. Cyangwa, HPV ishobora gutuma uturemangingo tuzima tuba kanseri.

Ariko, iyo umaze kubona igisubizo cyiza, muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cy'inshuro ugomba kongera gupimwa ndetse no gusuzuma niba nta ngingo zisanzwe zigomba gufatwa. Iyo habonetse impinduka zibanziriza kanseri, ingingo ishobora kubagwa. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kwirinda kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.

Intambwe zikurikira ushobora gutera zishobora gutandukana bitewe n'imimerere yawe. Urugero, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama ikurikira:

• Ongera upime nyuma y'umwaka umwe kugira ngo urebe niba ubwandu bwarashize.
• Kora ibizamini by'inyongera, nka colposcopy cyangwa biopsy yo mu mura, kugira ngo urebe niba uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Fata ingamba zo kurinda uwo mwashakanye (abo mukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina) kwandura. (Niba uwo mwashakanye nawe afite umura, ni byiza ko nawe ujya kwipimisha.)

Bite ho niba ntanduye HPV (-ve)?

Gupima HPV nta shingiro bifite bivuze ko udafite ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi . Niba ari uko bimeze, ushobora gukenera kongera gupima HPV mu myaka itanu. Niba utarabikora, ushobora gutekereza gufata urukingo rwa HPV . Uru ruhererekane rw'inkingo rushobora kukurinda ubwoko bwinshi bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi ushobora kuba utarahuye nabwo.

Ese ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya HPV bishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita?

Yego rwose birashoboka. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza gupimisha HPV buri gihe . Ushobora gupimwa uyu munsi hanyuma ukongera ukagaragaza ko wanduye nyuma y'imyaka mike. Ibyo bivuze ko umubiri wawe warwanyije ubwandu neza. Cyangwa, ushobora gupimwa ko wanduye uyu munsi hanyuma ukagaragaza ko wanduye nyuma y'imyaka itanu kuko wahuye na virusi.

Mu by’ukuri, HPV irakunze kugaragara cyane. Kugira ngo ukomeze kwirinda kanseri, ni ngombwa gukomeza kumenya uko urwaye.

Ese ikizamini cy’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STI) gishobora kugaragaza HPV?

Oya. Akenshi, ibizamini bya STI bikunze gukorerwa ku bantu basanzwe bapima indwara za STI binyuze mu gupima amaraso cyangwa andi mazi yo mu mubiri. HPV ntabwo iri muri ibi bizamini. Ibi biterwa nuko ibizamini bya HPV bishakisha ADN mu turemangingo twakuwe mu mura wawe.

Uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya niba ufite HPV ni ugupima HPV cyangwa gupima Pap/HPV hamwe.

Ese hari ikizamini cya HPV ku bagabo?

Kugeza ubu nta gipimo cya HPV cyemewe gitangwa ku bagabo. Kanseri zijyanye na HPV zishobora kwibasira abagabo, nka kanseri y'igitsina gabo na kanseri y'ikibuno, ntabwo zikunze kugaragara nka kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Ariko, abagabo baracyashobora kwanduza ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago bike n'ubwandu bwinshi ku bakunzi babo (uko igitsina cyabo cyaba kiri kose).

Abaganga bamwe bakora isuzuma rya Pap mu kibuno, rishobora kugaragaza kanseri y'ikibuno cyangwa indwara zibanziriza kanseri. Niba ubona ko ushobora kuba uri mu kaga, vugana na muganga wawe.

Ese umugabo ashobora kumenya niba afite HPV?

Uduheri ahantu hose ku mubiri, harimo n'igitsina gabo n'amasaro, ni ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu bwa HPV. Kugeza ubu, nta kizamini cyemewe na FDA cyo gupima HPV ahantu hose ku mubiri uretse mu nkondo y'umura.

Ibi nibyo ugomba kwibuka...

Gupima HPV ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwandu bwa HPV mbere yuko buhinduka uturemangingo twa kanseri. Niba ufite inkondo y'umura kandi uri hagati y'imyaka 30 na 65, ni ngombwa ko upima Pap, HPV, cyangwa ugakora ibizamini byayo buri gihe . Muganga wawe azakubwira ibizamini ukeneye.

Wibuke ko kuba ufite HPV nta soni. Abantu benshi bazayirwara mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo. Ariko, kutipimisha buri gihe bishobora gushyira ubuzima bwawe mu kaga. Gupima HPV bigira uruhare mu buzima bwawe busanzwe no mu mibereho myiza. Hanyuma ushobora gukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi wishimye!

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