Reka tumenye neza uko urethra yawe imeze.

Twese tuzi ko hari ibice bitandukanye by'umubiri wacu, buri kimwe muri byo gifite akazi kacyo kihariye. Akenshi tuvuga ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe, urugero nk'umutima, ibihaha n'impyiko. Ariko hari ingingo zimwe na zimwe tudatekereza cyangwa ngo tuvugeho cyane. Ariko imirimo zikora ni ingenzi cyane. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, igice cy'ingenzi cyane, ariko kitavugwaho cyane mu buryo bw'inkari z'umubiri wacu ni urethra. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi urethra, cyangwa nk'uko byitwa mu Cyongereza, `(Urethra)`, mu buryo burambuye kandi bworoshye.

Umuyoboro w'inkari (urethra) ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Tekereza nk'umuyoboro muto. Uyu muyoboro utwara inkari ziva mu ruhago rwawe zijya hanze y'umubiri wawe. Niba uri umugabo, urethra yawe ni ndende gato. Inyura muri prostate gland ikayifungura inyuze mu gitsina. Ariko niba uri umugore, urethra yawe ni ngufi cyane ugereranyije n'iy'umugabo. Iherereye imbere y'uruhago n'igitsina. Muri make, urethra ni inzira inkari zisohokeramo.

Akamaro k'inzira y'inkari ni akahe? Ni iki kiyibaho?

Uduce tw'inkari ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu buryo bwacu bw'inkari. Ubu buryo bw'inkari bugizwe n'impyiko ebyiri, uruhago, ureter, n'umuyoboro w'inkari. Tekereza utya. 1. Ubwa mbere, impyiko zacu zisukura amaraso yacu zigahindura imyanda idakenewe irimo mu nkari. 2. Hanyuma, inkari zikorwa n'impyiko zinyura mu miyoboro ibiri yitwa ureter zigasohokera mu ruhago. Uruhago ni nk'agafuka gato gashobora kubika inkari igihe gito. 3. Iyo ukeneye kunyara, inkari zo mu ruhago zisohoka mu mubiri zinyuze mu muyoboro w'inkari. Bityo rero, urabona, iyo udafite ureter, nta buryo twari kuba dufite bwo gusohora inkari zikorerwa mu mubiri. Niyo mpamvu bikora umurimo w'ingenzi cyane. Umwobo uri ku mpera y'umuyoboro w'inkari ufungukira hanze y'umubiri witwa "Urethral meatus." Ijambo "Meatus" muri rusange ryerekeza ku mwobo uwo ari wo wose uva imbere mu mubiri ujya hanze.

Urusobe rw'inkari ruherereye he? Rubaho rute?

Urethra iherereye mu gice cy'ikibuno cy'umubiri wacu. Ni ukuvuga mu gice kiri munsi y'inda. Si umuyoboro gusa. Inkuta zayo ni nto, ahubwo zigizwe n'ubwoko bwihariye bw'ingingo. Urugero, igizwe n'ingingo zifata imitsi, uturemangingo tw'imitsi tworoshye, n'ingingo zifata imitsi. Igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'urethra ni sphincters . Izi bikora nk'udupfundikizo. Ni ukuvuga ko zishobora gufungura no gufunga iyo bikenewe. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa sphincters:

• Inkari zo imbereUmuyoboro w'inkari wo mu nda: Iyi iherereye ku muryango w'inkari uva mu ruhago. Si ikintu twigenzura tubigambiriye, gikora mu buryo bwikora.
• Umuyoboro w'inkari wo hanze: Uba uri hagati y'imitsi iri hasi mu kibuno (pelvic underground). Dushobora kubigenzura ku rugero runaka. Ibi nibyo bidufasha guhagarika gutemba kw'inkari mu gihe cy'impanuka.

Iyi mitsi yombi, hamwe n'uruhago, bikorana kugira ngo bikure inkari mu mubiri.

Umuyoboro w'inkari (urethra) umara igihe kingana iki?

Ibi biratandukanye bitewe n'uko uri umugabo cyangwa umugore.

• Urôre y'abagore isanzwe ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 3-4. Niyo mpamvu abagore bafite amahirwe make yo kurwara indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs) kurusha abagabo. Ibi biterwa nuko mikorobe zidakora cyane kugira ngo zigere ku ruhago .
• Umuyoboro w'inkari w'abagabo ni muremure cyane, upima santimetero 20 z'uburebure.

Hari ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'umuyoboro w'inkari w'abagabo: 1. Umuyoboro w'inkari w'inda: Iki gice kinyura muri prostate gland. Iyo intanga zisohotse, zitwara amazi y'intanga kandi zigafasha gukora amasohoro. 2. Umuyoboro w'inkari w'inda: Iki ni igice kigufi cyane. Gifasha gutwara amazi mu gice cyo hasi cy'ikibuno. 3. Umuyoboro w'inkari w'inda: Iki kandi cyitwa umuyoboro w'inkari w'inda n'umuyoboro w'inkari w'inda. Iki ni cyo gice kirekire cy'umuyoboro w'inkari. Ibi bikomeza kwagura igitsina cyose, bigahera kuri "meatus y'inkari" twavuze mbere, ni ukuvuga umwobo usohoka mu mubiri.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira inzira y'inkari?

Mu by’ukuri, ibibazo byo mu nzira y’inkari bikunze kugaragara ku bagabo. Impamvu ni uko urethra y’abagabo ari ndende kandi ifite imiterere igoye. Reka turebere hamwe zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara.

• Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs): Izi ni indwara zikunze kugaragara cyane. Indwara zishobora kugaragara ahantu hose mu nzira y'inkari, harimo n'umuyoboro w'inkari. Hari igihe iyo hashyizwemo catheter y'inkari, indwara ziterwa na catheter (CAUTIs) zishobora kubaho.
• Indwara y'umura :Ibi bivuze ko urethra ibyimba cyangwa ikabyimba. Akenshi, ibi biterwa n'ubwandu. Hari igihe bishobora guterwa n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina yitwa gonorrhea . Urethritis iterwa n'izindi mpamvu zitari gonorrhea yitwa kandi nongonococcal urethritis ( NGU ).
• Imiterere y'inkari: Ibi bibaho iyo inkovu zibaye mu muyoboro w'inkari, zigafunga inzira y'inkari. Ibi bishobora gutera kubyimba k'umuyoboro w'inkari, kwandura indwara, kubabara iyo uri kunyara, no kunanirwa gusohora uruhago.
• Fistula y'igitsina gore: Iyi ni indwara ishobora kugaragara ku bagore. Aha niho havuka umwobo udasanzwe hagati y'inkari, imyanya ndangagitsina cyangwa nyababyeyi.
• Ibikomere cyangwa kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'inkari: Ibi bishobora guterwa n'impanuka, gukomereka ku ngufu, cyangwa umuntu ugerageza kwinjiza ikintu mu muyoboro w'inkari. Ibi bishobora gutera gukomereka no kuva inkari mu bice bikikije.
• Kanseri yo mu muhogo: Iyi ni kanseri idakunze kugaragara cyane.

Ingorane zishobora guterwa n'ibi

Iyo inzira y'inkari yangiritse, bishobora gutera ingorane zitandukanye. Urugero:

• Kwandura indwara zikunze kugaragara
• Kuva amaraso
• Kugabanuka k'umuyoboro w'inkari (Strictures)
• Kunanirwa kwihagarika inkari
• Ku bagabo, ikibazo cyo kunanirwa gusohora imibonano mpuzabitsina

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara z'inkari?

Niba ufite ikibazo ku nzira y'inkari zawe, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi. Ugomba kubimenya.

• Kubabara cyangwa kugorwa no kunyara (Dysuria) cyangwa kudashobora kunyara na gato.
• Amaraso mu nkari (Hematuria).
• Amasohoro adasanzwe ava mu muyoboro w'inkari.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga vuba kugira ngo akugire inama, kuko kubyirengagiza bishobora gutuma ikibazo kirushaho gukomera.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'inzira y'inkari?

Niba umuganga wawe akeka ko ufite ikibazo cy’inzira y’inkari, ashobora gukora ibizamini byinshi, urugero:

• Ibipimo by'inkari: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'inkari zawe no kuzipima muri laboratwari. Bishobora gushakisha ibintu nk'ibyanduza n'amaraso.
• Cystoscopy:Muri ibi, muganga ashyiramo umuyoboro muto ufite kamera (cystoscope) mu muyoboro w'inkari kugira ngo arebe imbere mu muyoboro w'inkari n'uruhago. Ibi bishobora gufasha gusuzuma niba hari ibitagenda neza.
• Imirasire ya X na/cyangwa ultrasound: Ibi bizamini byo gufata amashusho bishobora kureba amagufwa n'uturemangingo tworoshye. Ultrasound ishobora kureba impyiko n'uruhago.
• Gusubiramo urethrography: Ibi bikubiyemo gutera ikintu cyihariye (contrast agent) mu muyoboro w'inkari no gufata X-ray. Ibi bifasha kubona imiterere y'umuyoboro w'inkari, uko wagabanuka kose, nibindi.
• Isuzuma rya VCUG rikoresha ikintu cyihariye cyitwa contrast agent. Rikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uko bigenda iyo uruhago rwawe rwuzuye hanyuma urebe igihe unyara.

Ibi bizamini ni ingirakamaro cyane ku muganga wawe mu kumenya neza uko umeze.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari?

Niba usanzwe urwaye indwara yo mu nzira y'inkari, uburyo bwo kuyivura buzaterwa n'indwara ufite. Reka turebere hamwe uburyo bwo kuyivura.

Imiti

• Niba ufite ubwandu , muganga wawe azaguha imiti yo kwica ubwandu, nka antibiyotike.
• Mu bihe nk'ibya kanseri yo mu muyoboro w'inkari, imiti ya chimiotherapie ishobora kwandikirwa.

Uburyo bwo Kwakira

Indwara nyinshi zo mu nzira y'inkari zigomba kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi.

• Kwagura: Muri ubu buryo, muganga akoresha cystoscope n'igikoresho gisa n'umupira kugira ngo yongere umuyoboro w'inkari wagabanutse.
• Urethrotomy: Aha nanone, muganga akoresha cystoscope n'igikoresho cyo gukata kugira ngo agace k'inkovu kameze nk'impeta kamaze kuziba.
• Urethroplasty cyangwa kongera kubaka urethra: Ubu ni uburyo bugoye gato bwo kubaga. Muri ubu buryo, muganga afata ingingo mu kindi gice cy'umubiri wawe akazikoresha mu gukora urethra nshya cyangwa gusana usanzwe.
• Kubagwa kugira ngo bikureho ibibyimba: Ibi ni ngombwa mu gihe cy'uburwayi nka kanseri.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa mu gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Ni ibihe bintu byoroshye twakora kugira ngo inzira y'inkari ikomeze kuba nziza?

Hari ibintu bike byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo inzira yacu y'inkari n'uburyo bwose bw'inkari bukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Iyo tubigize akamenyero, dushobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi.

• Nywa amazi menshi:Igikuru ni ukunywa amazi ahagije ku munsi. Ibi bizafasha gusukura uturemangingo tw'inkari.
• Irinde kunywa itabi n'ibikomoka ku itabi: Ibi ntibigira ingaruka mbi ku nkari gusa, ahubwo no ku mubiri wose.
• Gabanya inzoga na kafeyine (nk'icyayi na kawa): Ibi bitera imbaraga uruhago, bigatuma ukenera kunyara kenshi.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye: Kugira ibiro byinshi bishobora gutera ibibazo by'inkari.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Ibi binoza ubuzima muri rusange ndetse n'imikorere y'inkari.
• Irinde impatwe: Impatwe ishobora gushyira igitutu ku ruhago no kugorwa no kunyara.
• Ntugafate inkari zawe: Iyo wumvise ukeneye kunyara, hita unyara.
• Sukura uruhago rwawe rwose mu gihe uri kunyara.
• Kunyara nyuma yo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina: Ibi bifasha gukuraho mikorobe zose zishobora kuba zarinjiye mu nzira y'inkari, cyane cyane ku bagore.
• Mu gihe ukora isuku nyuma yo kujya mu bwiherero, ihanagure uhereye imbere ujya inyuma: Ibi kandi ni ingenzi cyane ku bagore kugira ngo birinde kwandura.
• Hitamo imyenda y'imbere ikozwe mu ipamba: Imyenda y'ubukorikori ishobora gufata ibyuya no gutera mikorobe gukura.
• Ntukambare imyenda igufashe cyane (nk'ipantalo).
• Niba ukina siporo, koresha imyenda yo kwirinda (urugero: umukandara wo ku maguru).

Niba ukunze kugira ibibazo byo kunyara, ganira na muganga wawe ku miti, ibiryo, n'uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro ufata. Imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kunyara.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Rero, urethra ni urugingo ruto ariko rufite akamaro kanini rudufasha gukura imyanda mu mubiri wacu, inkari. Nubwo tudashobora kwemeza ko izaba ifite ubuzima bwiza 100%, dushobora kuyifasha mu bintu byoroshye nko kunywa amazi menshi buri munsi no kugabanya kafeyine na alcool. Niba wumva ububabare iyo uri kunyara, cyangwa niba ubona amaraso mu nkari zawe, ntugatekereze ko ari ibisanzwe. Shaka inama kwa muganga ako kanya. Kuko uko indwara igaragaye vuba, niko byoroha kuyivura, kandi niko ibibazo bigabanuka. Ni wowe ugomba kwita cyane ku buzima bwawe. Inzira y'inkari, Umuyoboro w'inkari, Utunyangingo tw'inkari, Indwara z'inkari, UTI, Ibimenyetso by'inkari, Inkari, Impyiko