Platetike ni iki? Kuki ari ingenzi ku mubiri?

Iyo ugize igikomere gito, nk'iyo utema ikiganza cyawe n'icyuma urimo gutema imboga, maze amaraso agahagarara nyuma y'igihe runaka, si byo se? Wigeze wibaza uko bigenda? Mu by'ukuri ni igikorwa gitangaje. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ntwari nto mu mibiri yacu zidufasha muri ibyo. Aba bantu twita platelets, cyangwa nk'uko bivugwa mu Cyongereza, platelets .

None se izi platelets ni iki?

Muri make, uduce duto tw’uturemangingo mu maraso yacu. Si uturemangingo twuzuye, ariko ni ingenzi ku mibiri yacu. Ni nk’igishishwa karemano mu mubiri wawe. Iyo hari igikomere ahantu runaka kandi umuyoboro w’amaraso wangiritse, utu duce duto tw’uturemangingo twinjiramo tugafasha guhagarika kuva amaraso.

Tekereza, uramutse ufashe igitonyanga cy'amaraso yawe, harimo ibihumbi icumi by'izi platelets. Bityo rero ushobora kwiyumvisha uburyo izi platelets ari nto. Ni ngombwa cyane kugira ingano ikwiye y'izi platelets mu mubiri wacu. Iyo ari nke , ndetse n'igikomere gito gishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi. Nanone, iyo ari nyinshi , amaraso ashobora kuzura mu mitsi bitari ngombwa kandi bigatera ibibazo bikomeye. Kubwibyo, izi platelets zigomba kuba ziri ku rugero rumwe kugira ngo zihagarike kuva amaraso no gukumira kurema amaraso atari ngombwa.

Ni gute plaquettes z'amaraso zakora?

Iki ni igikorwa gishimishije cyane. Platelets zikora nk'itsinda ry'abaganga b'ubutabazi bahuguwe neza. Iyo umuyoboro w'amaraso wangiritse, iri tsinda ritangira gukora. Mu buvuzi, iyi gahunda yose tuyita 'hemostasis'. Reka turebe uko bigenda intambwe ku yindi.

Tekereza ikinogo kinini kiri ku muhanda. Itsinda ry'abakozi riraje kugikosora, sibyo? Uko ni ko bimeze.

1. Gufata: Ubwa mbere, uduce duto tw’amaraso, duto cyane mu maraso, twihutira kugera aho imiyoboro y’amaraso yaturitse hanyuma tugafata ku rukuta rwacitse. Nk’uko itsinda ry’abubatsi rigera ku mwobo uri ku muhanda bwa mbere.

2. Gukora: Hanyuma, platelets zigezeyo ziba "zikora." Zihindura imiterere yazo, bigatuma zoroha gufatana n'izindi platelets. Zirekura kandi imiti. Iyi miti ikora ibintu bibiri. Kimwe ni ugutuma imitsi y'amaraso yangiritse irushaho gufungana. Ibi bifasha kugenzura amaraso gato. Ikindi ni ugutanga ubutumwa ku zindi platelets uti "Hari ikibazo hano, ngwino vuba." Ni nk'itsinda ry'abakozi baza bashyiraho imigozi basaba ubufasha.

3. Guteranya: Noneho, kubera icyo kimenyetso, izindi platelets nyinshi ziza vuba kandi zifatana hafi y'igikomere. Zifatana kandi zigafunga umwobo by'agateganyo. Ibi tubyita "plaquet platelet."

Aho niho ubwinshi bw'amaraso butangira. Aho platelets zifatanye, ubundi bwoko bwa poroteyine mu maraso yacu (ibintu bigabanya amaraso) buhurira hamwe bugakora ikintu cyitwa fibrin . Iyi fibrin imeze nk'urushundura rukomeye. Uru rushundura ruzunguruka ku rushundura rugakora urushundura rukomeye cyane kandi ruhoraho rw'amaraso. Noneho kuva amaraso kurahagarara burundu.

Izi platelets zikorwa he? Ziherereye he?

Platelets zishobora kuboneka ahantu hatatu h'ingenzi mu mibiri yacu.

• Umwongo w'amagufwa: Umwongo w'amagufwa uri mu magufwa yacu ni uruganda aho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dukorerwa. Hariho uturemangingo tunini cyane twitwa megakaryocytes . Utwo turemangingo ni two dukora uturemangingo, ari two duce duto twongerwa mu maraso. Niyo mpamvu twavuze mbere ko uturemangingo tutari uturemangingo twuzuye, ahubwo ari uduce tw'uturemangingo.
• Amaraso: Iyo amaze kuremwa, anyura mu mubiri wacu mu mitsi yacu. Platelets ni zo zigabanya amaraso cyane. Niyo mpamvu zigenda zegereye inkuta z'imitsi. Muri ubwo buryo, biroroha kuzigeraho vuba iyo hari igikomere ahantu runaka.
• Agasabo: Agasabo ni urugingo ruherereye ku ruhande rwo hejuru ibumoso rw'inda yawe. Kabika hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'udusabo tw'amaraso dukorerwa mu mubiri wacu. Kanakuraho udusabo tw'amaraso bishaje kandi twangiritse.

Mu maraso hakwiye kuba hari platelets zingahe mu buryo busanzwe?

Umuntu muzima afite hagati ya platelets 150.000 na 450.000 kuri mikorolitero imwe y'amaraso. Iyi ni yo ntera isanzwe. Igihe cyo kubaho cya platelets ni iminsi 7-10 gusa. Bityo rero, imibiri yacu ihora ikora platelets nshya. Bifata iminsi itatu kugira ngo platelets nshya zikorerwe.

Platelets zitwa "platelets" kuko zigira ishusho nk'amasahani. Iyo zikora, zongerera imigozi nk'amaguru y'igitagangurirwa kandi zigahuza n'izindi platelets kugira ngo zifunge igikomere.

Indwara zikomeye zifitanye isano n'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa platelets

Akenshi, ibibazo bya platelets bikunze kubaho bitewe no kugabanuka cyangwa kwiyongera k'umubare wazo. Reka dutandukanye ibi bibazo byombi ukwabyo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ikibazo cy'indwara ya platelet mu maraso?

Iyo habayeho impinduka mu mibare ya platelet yawe, ushobora kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira. Niba ukomeje kugira kimwe muri ibi, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga.

Ni gute ugenzura ubuzima bwa platelets?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo arebe platelets zawe.

• Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC): Iki ni ikizamini cy'amaraso gikunze gukoreshwa cyane. Gipima umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, na plaquettes mu maraso yawe. Gishobora kumenya niba plaquettes zawe ziri hasi, ziri hejuru, cyangwa zisanzwe.
• Gupima amaraso mu maraso (PBS): Hano, igitonyanga cy'amaraso yawe gifatwa kikarebwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza niba imiterere n'ingano ya plaquettes bitameze neza.
• Ibizamini byo kuvura amaraso: Hari kandi ibizamini bigenzura igihe bifata kugira ngo amaraso yawe avunge.
• Isuzuma ry’amagufwa: Hari igihe biba ngombwa gusuzuma umwongo w’amagufwa, uruganda rukorerwamo plaquettes. Ibi bisaba gutanga umuti woroshye wo kugabanya ububabare no gufata urugero ruto rw’umuyongo w’amagufwa mu igufwa ryo mu kibuno.
• Ibizamini bya genetiki: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora guterwa n'ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo twavukanye. Muri ibyo bihe, ibi bizamini bishobora kuba ngombwa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu bwoko bwa platelet?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uko indwara yawe imeze (ibinure bike cyangwa byinshi) n'icyabiteye.

• Imiti:Iyo umubare wa platelets uri hejuru, imiti ishobora gutangwa kugira ngo igenzure umusaruro wazo. Iyo umubare muto wa platelets utewe n'indi ndwara, nk'indwara y'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri, kuvura iyo ndwara bishobora no gufasha umubare wa platelets gusubira ku buryo busanzwe.
• Guterwa plaquettes: Ku muntu ufite platelet nke cyane kandi ufite ibyago byinshi byo kuva amaraso, platelets zikomoka hanze zishobora kwinjizwa mu mubiri binyuze mu muti wa saline.
• Kubaga amenyo: Hari igihe amenyo yangirika bitewe n’ibinure byinshi. Muri ibyo bihe, iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura budafashe neza, abaganga bashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kubaga amenyo.
• Plateletpheresis: Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura abantu bafite umubare munini cyane wa platelets. Amaraso yawe ahujwe n'imashini yihariye, ikuraho platelets zirenze, hanyuma igasubiza amaraso asigaye mu mubiri wawe.

Ni gute wakora kugira ngo plaquettes zawe zikomeze kuba nziza?

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu miyoboro y'amaraso, ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga witonze. Byongeye kandi, gukurikiza ubuzima bwiza muri rusange nabyo ni byiza ku buzima bw'amaraso mu miyoboro y'amaraso.

• Gabanya inzoga.
• Irinde kunywa itabi burundu.
• Irinde guhura n'ibinyabutabire by'uburozi.
• Gabanya ibyago byo gukomereka.

Niba ubishoboye, ushobora gutanga platelets ndetse n'amaraso . Icyo nacyo ni igikorwa cy'agaciro gakomeye cy'urukundo. Izi platelets zifasha kurokora ubuzima, nk'abafite kanseri cyangwa abakomeretse bikomeye.