Reka tuvuge ku binure byo mu mubiri wawe. Ibinure ni iki?

Muraho! Mumeze mute? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku kintu kiri mu mibiri yacu, ariko akenshi ntitukizi cyane. Ibyo byitwa lipide . Ushobora kuba warumvise 'cholesterol'. Ni byo ibi lipide ari byo. Ntugahangayike, ndagusobanurira mu buryo bworoshye.

Ibinure ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Tekereza kuri ibi, ibinure ni itsinda ry'ibinyabutabire biri mu mibiri yacu, nk'ibinure n'ibishishwa . Bikora imirimo y'ingenzi cyane mu mibiri yacu. Ikintu cyihariye ni uko ibi binure bitashonga mu mazi. Ni nk'amavuta atemba hejuru y'amazi. Ibi binure bikorwa n'imibiri yacu.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa lipide mu mubiri wacu?

Ku bijyanye n'ibinure (lipides), hari ubwoko butandukanye. Reka turebe iby'ingenzi.

1. Kolesteroli

Ushobora kuba warumvise ijambo 'cholesterol' kenshi, sibyo? Iri naryo ni ubwoko bwa lipide. Imibiri yacu nayo irabikeneye. Uzi impamvu? Kolesteroli ifasha umubiri kwinjiza ibinure na vitamine mu biribwa turya kandi igakora imisemburo.

Ariko dore ikibazo. Kolesteroli n'ubundi bwoko bwa lipide yitwa triglycerides ntibikunda amazi, bityo ntibishobora kugenda mu maraso byonyine. Ni nk'aho umuntu atinya amazi. Bityo bihurira na poroteyine bigakora ibinyabiziga byitwa lipoproteins . Izo ni zo zibitwara mu mubiri wose.

Ubu ushobora kuba warumvise ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa lipoprotein:

• HDL (Lipoporoteyine zigizwe n'ubucucike bwinshi) - "cholesterol nziza"

Ibi bikorwa n'umwijima wacu n'amara mato hamwe. HDL ijyana cholesterol idakenewe mu mwijima. Umwijima uyihinduramo aside bile hanyuma ikayikura mu mubiri. Si ibyo gusa, HDL irwanya kandi kubyimba, kuvura amaraso, no kuvura ogisijeni . Niyo mpamvu yitwa "nziza."

• LDL (Lipoporoteyine zo mu bwoko bwa Low-Density) - "cholesterol mbi"

Umwijima wacu kandi ukora ubwoko bwitwa VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoproteins) . Izi VLDL zitwara triglycerides ziva mu mwijima zijya mu tundi turemangingo. Noneho, iyo izi VLDL zirangije kugeza triglycerides na cholesterol ahandi, zirushaho kuremera hanyuma zikaba LDL. Iyo LDL ni cholesterol "mbi". Kuko, iyi LDL ishobora gufata ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso . Hanyuma amaraso ashobora gufungwa, kandi amaraso ashobora kugongwa.

2. Triglycerides

Ubu ni ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure mu mubiri wacu. Inshingano yabyo nyamukuru ni ugubika ingufu no kuzitanga igihe bikenewe . Karori z'inyongera tubona mu byo turya zibikwa mu mubiri nka triglycerides.

Ni iyihe serivisi lipide zitanga ku mibiri yacu?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa lipide, kandi buri bwoko bufite akazi gatandukanye mu mubiri wacu. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

• Triglycerides:Ibi bibika ingufu kandi bikazirekura iyo bikenewe.
• Imisemburo ya steroid: Iyi ifasha uturemangingo twacu gutanga ubutumwa. Tubafate nk'abaposita bato mu mibiri yacu.
• Umunyu w'ibinure, ukomoka kuri cholesterol: Ufasha gushonga ibinure biri mu biribwa turya, ni ukuvuga kubisya.
• Aside ibinure: Izi zihinduka mobilisme kandi zigatanga ingufu.
• Fosfolipide na cholesterol: Ibi byombi hamwe bigize igitwikirizo cy'inyuma cy'uturemangingo twacu, cyangwa uturemangingo tw'ibinyabuzima . Izi fosfolipide ni nk'abarinzi b'amarembo. Zemerera ibintu bimwe kwinjira mu turemangingo, ariko ibindi byemererwa kwinjira hifashishijwe poroteyine.

Mu magambo make, ibinure ni ingenzi kuri buri selile mu mubiri wacu, bigafasha hafi muri buri gikorwa cyose.

Ni hehe ibinure biri mu mubiri wacu?

Lipide ziboneka mu maraso yacu, no mu mibiri yacu yose. Buri turemangingo two mu mubiri wawe tubamo lipide.

Ibinure bikozwe n'iki?

Lipide zigizwe n'ibintu bigize ogisijeni, karuboni na hydrogen . Lipide, kimwe na cholesterol, ni bimwe mu bigize uturemangingo twacu. Ziha uturemangingo imiterere yatwo kandi zigagenzura urujya n'uruza rw'ibintu byinjira n'ibisohoka mu turemangingo.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kugaragara zifitanye isano n'ibinure by'ibinure?

Ubusanzwe, umubiri wacu ushobora gukora ingano ya lipide ukeneye. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, ingano y'iyi lipide ishobora kuba nkeya cyane cyangwa nyinshi cyane. Iyo ibyo bibaye, hashobora kuvuka ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima .

• Hyperlipidemie: Ibi bivuze kwiyongera k'umusemburo wa lipide mu maraso.
• Hypolipidemie: Ibi bivuze kugabanuka k'urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso.
• Hypercholesterolemia: Muri ibi, urugero rwa cholesterol ni rwo rwonyine rwiyongera.
• Ateriosclerosis: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ikibaho muri ibi ni uko ibintu nka cholesterol mbi byinjira mu mitsi, bigatuma inkuta z'iyo mitsi zibyimba kandi zigafungana.
• Indwara y'imitsi itera amaraso mu mutima: Ibi ni byo bibaho iyo imitsi itera amaraso mu mutima imeze nk'iyi.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Iki ni cyo gihe urugero rwa triglyceride rwiyongera.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibibazo by'amavuta mu mubiri?

Akenshi, abantu bafite ibinure byinshi mu maraso ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso . Icyo ni cyo kintu kibi cyane. Ariko, niba ibinure byinshi bya cholesterol biri hejuru cyane, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugaragara:

• Xanthelasma: Utubyimba tw'umuhondo tugaragara ku ruhu rukikije amaso.
• Xanthoma: Kolesteroli yinjirira munsi y'uruhu, igakora ibibyimba.
• Agace k'umugongo ka corneal:Imeze nk'impeta y'umweru ikikije ijisho.

Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugenzura urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso buri gihe, nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, nubwo nta bimenyetso bihari.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe urugero rw'ibinure mu mubiri wawe?

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukoresha lipid panel , cyangwa lipid profile , ipima ingano ya cholesterol na triglycerides mu maraso yawe.

Ugomba kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha agera kuri 12 mbere yo gukora iki kizamini. Ni bwo ushobora kubona ibisubizo nyabyo. Biroroshye kubikora bwa mbere mu gitondo, kuko tutarya nijoro mu gihe dusinziriye.

Nanone, gukora iki kizamini igihe urwaye cyangwa uri mu muhangayiko ntabwo bizatanga ibisubizo nyabyo. Niba ufata imiti iyo ari yo yose igira ingaruka ku rugero rw'ibinure mu mubiri, ugomba no kubimenyesha muganga wawe.

Igipimo cy'imitsi gishobora guha muganga wawe igitekerezo cy'ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi .

• Iyo igipimo cya cholesterol yose kiri hejuru ya 200 mg/dL (miligarama kuri desilita imwe) , naho igipimo cya LDL (cholesterol mbi) kiri hejuru ya 130 mg/dL , ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima biriyongera.
• Abaganga bagira inama abantu bahoze barwara indwara y'imitsi ifata umutima cyangwa abageze mu ndwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko gukomeza kugabanya intego za LDL.
• Ni byiza cyane kugira urugero rwa HDL (cholesterol nziza) rwa 60 mg/dL cyangwa irenga, kuko HDL ifasha gukuraho LDL.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibinure by'umubiri (lipide)?

Niba urugero rw'ibinure mu mubiri wawe ruri hejuru kandi ukaba uri mu kaga ko kurwara indwara z'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya cholesterol. Ingero zimwe zirimo:

• Statine
• Ibikoresho bigabanya aside y'ibinure
• Fibrate
• Ibikoresho bibuza PCSK9

Iyi miti igomba gukoreshwa gusa nk'uko muganga yabitegetse.

Ibintu byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugumane urugero rwiza rw'ibinure mu mubiri

Ku bw'amahirwe, dukoresheje uburyo bworoshye bwo guhindura imibereho yacu, dushobora kugabanya urugero rubi rw'ibinure mu mubiri no kubigumana ku rwego rwiza.

• Gabanya kalori urya: Iyo urya kalori nyinshi kuruta izo ukeneye, izo kalori z'inyongera zibikwa mu mubiri nka triglycerides.
• Gabanya ibinure byuzuye: Ibi biboneka ku rugero rwinshi mu bintu nk'ibiryo byuzuye ibinure by'amata.
• Hitamo ibinyampeke byuzuye, imbuto, imboga, n'ibikomoka ku mata birimo ibinure bike.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Ni byiza cyane gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminsi 5 mu cyumweru, mu gihe cy'iminota 30 ku munsi.
• Sinzira neza: Buri joro jya uryama nibura amasaha 7-9.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye.
• Hagarika gukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi: Kunywa itabi bishobora kugabanya urugero rwa HDL (cholesterol nziza) no kongera urugero rwa LDL (cholesterol mbi).

Wibuke ko udashobora gukora ibi byose mu ijoro rimwe. Gerageza kwitoza kugira izi ngeso buhoro buhoro.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Lipide ni ingenzi ku turemangingo tw’umubiri wacu no ku mikorere itandukanye. Ariko, iyo ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa lipide, cyane cyane cholesterol ya LDL na triglycerides, bubaye bwinshi cyane, bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima.

Rero, ganira na muganga wawe kandi umenye ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso. Baza kandi inshuro ugomba gupima lipide panel. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kugumana lipide yawe mu rugero rusanzwe. Ubuzima bwawe buri mu maboko yawe!

Lipide , kolesteroli, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, indwara z'umutima, imibereho myiza